What Is International Women's Day？ The IWD has its roots in the social and labor movement in the United States.
    It began in New York City on March 8，1857，when women workers marched （游行） in protest （抗议） of unfair working conditions and unequal rights in clothing factories.The workers called for a shorter workday and better pay.
    On March 8 of 1908，women workers again marched through New York City to protest child labor and poor working conditions，and call strongly for women's right to vote （投票）.
   The first recorded celebration internationally was on March 19，1911，in Austria，Denmark，Germany and Switzerland.At that time，over a million people came out to support women's rights.
    After World War II，several countries started to celebrate women's day on March 8.Two years later，the U.N.officially regarded that date as International Women's Day in 1977.Some countries，including China，Russia and Uganda，also regard it as a public holiday.
    Past U.N.celebrations have included the important subjects of climate change，rural （农村的） women and HIV/AIDS.
    And，since 2007，the U.S.State Department has presented the International Women of Courage Award to more than 180 women in 80 countries.
    For this year's International Women's Day，U.N.Secretary-General Antonio Guterres （联合国秘书长安东尼奥•古特雷斯） said， "Let us work together-across governments，the private sector （私营部门） and civil （国内的） society-to build a more inclusive （包容广阔的），just，rich and successful world for women，girls，men，and boys everywhere."

（1）What's "IWD" short for？

It's short for International Women's Day.

It's short for International Women's Day.

（2）When and where did women workers first call publicly for a shorter workday and better pay？

In New York City on March 8，1857.

In New York City on March 8，1857.

（3）In which year did several countries start to celebrate women's day on March 8？

In 1975.

In 1975.

（4）What topics have the United Nations discussed in the past on IWD？

Climate change，rural women and HIV/AIDS.

Climate change，rural women and HIV/AIDS.

（5）What does U.N.Secretary-General Antonio Guterres' words in the last paragraph mean？
（Summarize （概括） in your own words within 15 words. ）

In order to build a better world，everyone has to work together.

In order to build a better world，everyone has to work together.