Climate change may increase the risk of viruses becoming capable of infecting new hosts in the Arctic，suggests a study of genetic material from a Canadian lake.
Canadian scientists found that an increase in glacier melt at Lake Hazen，the Arctic's largest lake by volume and another location was linked to a greater risk of viral effects，where a virus infects a new host for the first time.Melting glaciers（融化的冰川） were considered a result of climate change globally.
The team from the University of Ottawa，led by Audree Lemieux，gathered soil and other items from the lake and sequenced（序列） the RNA and DNA in the samples.The researchers found characters of viruses and their potential hosts including animals，plants and so on.They then ran an algorithm（算法） recently developed by a different research team，which assesses the chance of coevolution（共同进化） among unrelated groups of organisms.The algorithm allowed the team to measure the risk of spillover，and suggested this was higher in lake samples nearer to the point where larger branches—carrying more meltwater from nearby glaciers—flow into the lake.
"Our main finding is that we show that for this specific lake，the spillover risk increases with the melting of glaciers.We're not crying wolf." says Lemieux.
She says the risk of infectious diseases coming from the Arctic is low today due to the region's lack of "bridges"，such as mosquitoes，that can spread viruses to other species.However，the researchers note that climate change not only melts glaciers，but is also expected to cause more species to move towards the poles，which they warn "could have dramatic effect in the High Arctic".
Exactly how glacier melt might increase spillover risk isn't entirely clear from simply running the algorithm.Co—author Stephane Aris—Brosou says one idea is that extra nun—off simply increases the mixing of species because their local environment is disturbed，physically bringing together viruses and potential new hosts that wouldn't otherwise meet each other.
（1）Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph？ BB
A．Glaciers have slowed in melting process.
B．A new host in the Arctic has been affected.
C．Scientists guess viruses will come in the Arctic.
D．Viral spillover will appear in the Arctic in time.
（2）What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us？ CC
A．What we can do to stop the viruses in the Arctic.
B．Why Branches of the lake are keys in spilling over viruses.
C．How scientists calculate the risk of spillover in the Arctic.
D．What signatures of viruses and their potential hosts shows.
（3）What does Lemieux mean by saying "We're not crying wolf."？ AA
A．The virus spillover will happen with glacier melting.
B．Viruses won't spread widely due to lack of bridge.
C．Scientists have made great efforts in preventing viruses.
D．There is no need to worry about the viruses in the Arctic.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ DD
A．Viruses Appearing in Two Places in the Arctic
B．Glacier Melting Resulting in the Virus Spillover
C．Scientists' Calculation about the Viruses in the Arctic
D．Climate Change Linked to Risk of Viruses in the Arctic
【答案】B；C；A；D
【解答】
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发布：2024/4/20 14:35:0组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5
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