People used sundials（日晷） to tell the time in ancient times.It was very （A）difficult to calculate time before the invention of clocks.
    The Chinese invented the first mechanical clock（机械钟） in 1088.One hundred and ninety-five years later，the British invented the first clock in Europe.The Germans invented the alarm clock 67 years later.
The Italians invented the first pocket watch in 1462.Early watches were different from today's in two ways.First，they only had an hour hand.（B） _____，you had to keep them in your pocket.People called them "pocket clocks". （C）But they were not as big as usual clocks.
    The first wrist watches came from Switzerland，328 years after the first pocket clock was invented. （D） ______ they did not become popular until a hundred years later.
    Digital（数码） clocks and watches came from the US.Shops （E）began to sell them in 1971.At that time，they were the newest invention in timekeeping.
    （F）现在有很多种类的表.Some are very cheap，some are very expensive，and some can even speak and tell you the time!Clocks and watches have come a long way.

（1）写出文中划线部分（A）和（E）的同义词或近义词：

hard

hard

；

started

started

（2）在文中（B）和（D）的空白处填入适当的单词：

Second

Second

；

But

But

（3）将文中划线部分（C）改写为：But they were

smaller

smaller

than

than

usual clocks.
（4）将文中划线部分（F）译成英语：

There are many kinds of watches now.

There are many kinds of watches now.

（5）从文中找出能说明本文主旨大意的短语：

the invention of clocks

the invention of clocks