阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题．
    The famous scientist and thinker，Charles Darwin，was born on February 12，1809．His family lived not far from the River Severn，England．
    Charles' father was a well-known doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist．Charles' father hoped that his son would also become a doctor．
    As a boy，Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests．He watched nature，and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books．He also liked collecting very much．He collected many things，birds，eggs，stones and leaves．His father did not like this，as Charles was not studying very well at school．
    ①为了成为一名医生，十六岁时达尔文就被送到爱丁堡大学（Edinburgh University）学习．But he was interested in the history of nature．
    Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University．There he studied until 1831．
    Some time later he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist．His professor advised him to go．He said the trip would be just for Darwin．So when the ship left England in December，1831，Darwin was on it．The research lasted almost five years．The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America．It also visited New Zealand，Australia and islands in the Pacific．Darwin saw many new plants and animals．He collected all kinds of plants．
    In 1842 Darwin went to live in Kent，where he continued his studies of change in nature． ②Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same，and that they really change．
    By 1859 Darwin had finished his famous book The Origin of Species．It made a great hit in the world of science．③ He was opposed（反对） by the church and even by some scientists．But later，more and more scientists agreed with him．
    Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882．

（1）Why didn't Charles become a doctor？

Because he was interested in history of nature．

Because he was interested in history of nature．

（2）When did Charles start the research with the Beagle？

He started the research in December，1831．

He started the research in December，1831．

（3）请将①处划线句子翻译成英语．

In order to be a doctor，Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University at the age of 16．

In order to be a doctor，Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University at the age of 16．

（4）请将②处划线句子翻译成汉语．

达尔文明白植物和动物并不总是一样的，他们真的在改变．

达尔文明白植物和动物并不总是一样的，他们真的在改变．

（5）请改写③处划线句子，使其意思与原句一致．
The church and even some scientists

didn't agree with

didn't agree with

him．