2021-2022学年上海市浦东新区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）
发布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.
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1．Children's Fine Motor Skills Using a fork to eat，zipping up a sweatshirt and turning a doorknob are all things most people do without thinking，but children spend their early years developing and refining these abilities.They are known as fine motor skills，（1）
the small muscles of the hands with adequate strength，dexterity（灵巧）and coordination（协调）to grasp and control objects and used.It is firmly believed（2）later，fine motor skills do help children to succeed in school.（3）are also important in day-to-day life.
（4）（watch）a baby use their uncoordinated arms and legs might be adorable，but these early reactions are practice for the fine motor skills they'll eventually develop.（5）Stephanie Reich，a professor of the University of California，toddlers need to increase the coordination of fine movements in the preschool years.（6）children grow older，these fine motor skills will improve and become more complex.For example，a 4-year-old may hold a crayon with their fist，using their whole hand to draw.But five-year-olds can start using a pencil between the first and middle fingers and thumb，as adults can.
The elementary school years and beyond see（7）（advanced）fine motor skills，such as when children learn to tie shoes between 5 and 6 years old.At about age 7，（8）（improve）performance can be amazingly witnessed.However，every child develops at their own pace.If a single milestone，such as using eating utensils（餐具），（9）（delay），it isn't necessarily cause for concern.
In fact，when working on fine motor skills in the classroom，short lessons provide the most benefit for learning.Play-based learning is also one of the strategies that are preferred.Teachers may also use hand-eye coordination - the ability of a child's eyes （10）（control） their hands and fingers - to work with children to improve fine motor skills.Using computers，especially a keyboard and mouse，also helps younger children with fine motor skills.组卷：23引用：1难度：0.5
Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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2．
18th Century Grand Tour of Europe The Grand Tour began in the 16th century and gained popularity during the 17th century.Privileged（有特权的）young European graduates（1）A.housing B.leisurely C.sought D.reference E.primarily F.jye.ai G.winding H.jye.ai I.pioneered J.jye.ai K.highlight a trend where they traveled across the continent in search of art and cultural experiences upon their graduation.This practice，which grew to be（2）popular，became known as the Grand Tour.Specialty guidebooks，tour guides，and other aspects of the tourist industry were developed during this time to meet the needs of wealthy 20-something male and female travelers as they explored the European continent.
These young，classically-educated Tourists were rich enough to fund multiple years abroad for themselves and they took full advantage of this.They carried letters of（3）and introduction with them as they departed from southern England to communicate with and learn from people they met in other countries.Some Tourists（4）to continue their education and broaden their horizons while abroad，some were just after fun and （5）travels，but most desired a combination of both.
A typical journey through Europe was long and （6）with many stops along the way.London was commonly used as a starting point and the Tour was usually kicked off with a difficult trip across the English Channel.Crossing the wide channel was and is not easy.17th- and 18th-century Tourists risked sea-sickness，illness，and even shipwreck on this first（7）of travel.
Grand Tourists were （8）interested in visiting cities that were considered centers of culture at the time，so Paris，Rome，and Venice were not to be missed.The average Grand Tourist traveled from city to city，usually spending weeks in smaller cities and months in the three（9）ones.
The vast majority of Tourists took part in similar activities during their exploration with art at the center of it all.Once a Tourist arrived at a destination，he would look for（10）and settle in for anywhere from weeks to months，even years.Though certainly not an overly trying experience for most，the Grand Tour presented a unique set of challenges for travelers to overcome.组卷：13引用：1难度：0.5
Reading Comprehensions Section ADirections： For each blank in the following passage， there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
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3．The word "adolescence" literally means "growing up"（from the Latin adolescere）.（1）
，it describes a distinct stage between childhood and adulthood，but in practice often simply defines the "teenage" years.In most Western societies，the idea of adolescence was not（2）until the 20th century；childhood ended and adulthood began at a certain age - typically at 18.
G.Stanley Hall，a psychologist and educator，in his 1904 book Adolescence，was the first to explore the（3）.Hall was influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution，perceiving that all childhoods，especially with regard to behavior and early physical development，reflect the course of （4）change，and that we each develop in accordance with our "ancestral record".
One key influence on Hall was the 18th-century "Sturm and Drang"（Storm and Stress） movement of German writers and musicians，which promoted total freedom of expression.Hall（5）adolescence as "Sturm and Drang"；he considered it a stage of emotional disturbance and rebellion，with behavior ranging from quiet moodiness to wild（6）.He stated that adolescents "are eager for strong feelings and new sensations，while routine and detail are （7）".Awareness of self and the environment greatly increases；everything is more （8）felt，and sensation is pursued for its own sake.
Many of Hall's findings are（9）in research today.Hall believed that adolescents are highly affected by depression and described a "curve of despondency（消沉）" that starts at the age of 11，（10）at 15，then falls steadily until the age of 23.Modern research acknowledges a similar pattern.The causes of depression that Hall（11）are surprisingly familiar：suspicion of being disliked and having seemingly insuperable character faults，and "the（12）of hopeless love".He believed the self-consciousness of adolescence leads to criticizing self and others.This view mirrors later studies，which argue that teenagers' advanced（13）skills allow them to "read between the lines"，while also intensifying their sensitivity to situations.Even Hall's claim that criminal activity is more common in the teenage years，reaching the top around 18，still（14）.
However，Hall was not totally negative about adolescence. "Adolescence is a new（15），" as he wrote in Youth：Its Education，Regiment，and Hygiene，"for the higher and more completely human qualities are how born."（1） A．In theory B．In essence C．In contrast D．In general （2） A．exchanged B．recognized C．imposed D．transformed （3） A．difference B．world C．possibility D．subject （4） A．evolutionary B．consequential C．minimal D．structural （5） A．employed B．interpreted C．treated D．classified （6） A．decision-making B．problem-solving C．risk-taking D．example-following （7） A．inexhaustible B．intolerable C．inadequate D．instinctive （8） A．keenly B．hesitantly C．slightly D．oddly （9） A．published B．revised C．summarized D．echoed （10） A．bounces B．jumps C．swings D．peaks （11） A．promoted B．eliminated C．identified D．determined （12） A．lack B．fancy C．claim D．power （13） A．reasoning B．coping C．social D．verbal （14） A．sounds one-sided B．holds true C．remains unknowns D．stands out （15） A．trend B．outlet C．birth D．model 组卷：35引用：3难度：0.5
Section BDirections： Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
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4．For 38-year-old Justin Herald，the journey to wealth began one Sunday morning at a church in Sydney's northwest，when he was involved in a quarrel with a member of the church choir. "You have an attitude problem，" she told him.
The accusation sparked something in him，and he borrowed ﹩50 from his brother to have four T-shirts printed with the slogan： "I don't have an attitude problem；you have a perception problem."
"It was the best ﹩50 I ever spent，" laughs Herald.By the end of the morning，he had sold three of the four T-shirts.With the money he made，he had another six printed，then 12，then 24. "That first year the earning were ﹩98，000，" he says.
His business，Attitude Inc.，is now a multi-million-dollar company with a wide range of products selling in 3，500 stores across Australia.His business was due to not just clever marketing- the public loved the slogan - but also he has to admit that in those days there was very little competition n his sector of the clothing industry，and he was in the right place at the right time.
The media spotlight also helped，with people paying attention to Herald's likeable personality and infections passion for his business：the night of one TV appearance，187 stores rang to get his products into their stores.
Herald sold the business three years ago，by which time it was turning over ﹩30 million a year，and now spends his time as a motivational speaker.His message：anyone can be financially successful if they set their mind to it. "You have to have a lot of stickability，because not everything is going to work the way you plan it."
Still living in Castle Hill with his wife and two children，Herald believes too many successful people become caught up in the trappings of wealth. "I have lived here since I left school at 16，" he says. "In this area，you don't forget where you came from."
（1）Why does Herald think it was the best ﹩50 he ever spent？
A．Because that sum of money covered the cost of four T-shirt.
B．Because that sum of money showed his accusation was wrong.
C．Because he received that sum of money when he was in need.
D．Because he gained more than expected from that sum of money.
（2）According to Herald，the success of his business resulted from.
A．good timing and cooperation
B．business sense and luck
C．fierce competition and passion
D．family background and motivation
（3）The underlined word "stickability" （paragraph 6）is closest in meaning to.
A．competence
B．conscience
C．persistence
D．fortune
（4）The best title for the passage might be.
A．Attitude Pays Off
B．No Bravery，No Gains
C．Start a Business
D．Never Too Old to Challenge Yourself组卷：22引用：1难度：0.6
TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.
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12．最近一个月来，时令蔬菜大量上市，因其品种丰富，价格亲民，百姓的选择越来越多。（available）
组卷：17引用：2难度：0.6
Guided Writing
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13．Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
据报道，陪伴读者 23 年的上海书城福州路点计划重装。为了更好地在互联网时代服务读者，值此重装之际，上海书城向全社会征集建议。假如你是读者李明，你对此很感兴趣，并决定给相关负责人写一封信，内容包括：
1.重装的建议（如：功能、风格等）；
2.相应的理由。组卷：5引用：1难度：0.6
