2022-2023学年山东省烟台一中高一（上）期末英语试卷

阅读（共两节，满分50.0分）

• 1．Over the years，I bought countless pairs of shoes that brightened my mood，picked out dresses that improved my figure，and turned over my credit card for lots of cosmetics （化妆品） that I had hoped would make me look fresher and happier.But all those things failed to bring relief to my pain inside.
     But one afternoon in October 2021，I walked out of one store with something more valuable than anything money could buy.I found hope in the unlikeliest place after months of hopelessness，thanks to a woman who decided to start a conversation with me in the store's café.
     It had been a painful time for me.Married a little over four years，I had suffered five heartbreaking miscarriages （流产） and，at 42，was slowly accepting the cruel idea that I might never be able to have a child.
     On that fateful day，a smartly dressed，slightly older woman seated beside me offered to share the photos and stories of her adopted daughter to break the silence in the half-empty café.Her girl was about seven years old.
     "She's pretty，" I said. "But what made you decide to adopt her？" I asked，uncertain whether I had stepped into an area which seemed too personal. "I don't want work to be my whole life，" she said.I wasn't sure whether she saw the tears welling up in my eyes as I replied， "I don't either，but I'm afraid it's too late!" "I was 51 when I adopted Melanie，" she said， "And it's the most rewarding and exciting thing I've ever done."
     When our checks came，she handed me her business card，and I finally learned her name — and in that minute，I saw a happier and more satisfied myself，a reborn "mother-to-be".
  
  （1）What did the older woman intend to do when talking with the author？

  
  A．Advise the author to forget her pain.
  B．Share her feelings of being an adoptive mother.
  C．Show off her beautiful daughter to the author.
  D．Advertise the benefits of adopting a Chinese girl.
  （2）Which of the following best describes the older woman？

  
  A．Inspiring.
  B．Patient.
  C．Outgoing.
  D．Responsible.
  （3）Why did the author see a happier self after the encounter？

  
  A．She could adopt children because she was still young.
  B．The older woman set an example as a good mother.
  C．She realized life was more important than work.
  D．Her hope of owning a child was built up again.
  组卷：4引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．The letter arrived as I was dressing for dinner in my room on the evening of 23rd September 1902．
     London was deserted at that time of the summer，and I had become very bored and depressed with my daily routine of work at the Foreign Office．All my friends were away enjoying themselves at country house parties，but here was I who was forced to remain in London because of my job．
      I had encouraged my friends to believe that the Foreign Office could not manage without me during the summer，but the truth was that my work was neither interesting nor important，mainly taking messages for absent officials，whose holiday plans had destroyed mine．
     Although my friends had sent me letters to show pity，it was clear that I had not been greatly missed，and now，at the end of September，I realized another bitter truth．Two more days，and I would be free to start my holiday，but I had nowhere to go!The country house parties were all breaking up，and though I could always go home，which fashionable young man wants to spend his holiday with his own family？
     So，when a letter，with a German stamp，arrived that evening，I felt a touch of interest，even excitement．I opened it and read：
  Dear Carruthers，
     You will probably be surprised to hear from me，as it's a long time since we met．But I write in the hope that you might like to come here and join me in a little sailing and perhaps，duck shooting．This part of the Baltic is very beautiful and there should be plenty of ducks soon，if it gets cold enough．The friend who was with me has had to leave，and I really need someone else，as I'd like to stay out here for a while．I know you speak German perfectly，and that will be a great help．
  Yours ever，
  Arthur Davies His letter seemed rather unpromising．His friend had left him-why？The Baltic was beautiful-yes，but what about October storms？Did I really want to spend my holiday freezing in the Baltic，with a man who I didn't know well？The letter was a turning point in my life，though I did not know it at the time．
  
  （1）How did the writer feel about his coming holiday？

  
  A．Depressed．
  B．Delighted．
  C．Interested．
  D．Hopeful．
  （2）What did Arthur Davies ask the writer to do in the letter？

  
  A．Sail in the Baltic Sea．
  B．Take care of his work．
  C．Help him with German．
  D．Join him in duck watching．
  （3）Which of the following statements is true？

  
  A．The letter arrived when the writer was having dinner．
  B．The writer accepted the invitation without any hesitation．
  C．The letter was to make a great difference to the writer's life．
  D．The writer felt honored to take messages for absent officials．
  （4）The underlined word "unpromising" in the last paragraph can be replaced by

  ．
  A．pleasant
  B．uninteresting
  C．amusing
  D．doubtful
  组卷：3引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space，such as rockets and satellites？It's called space junk，and much of it is still out there now.According to NASA，the definition of space junk is "any man-made object in orbit （轨道） around Earth that no longer serves a useful function".
     One large piece of space junk，a disused rocket，hit the dark side of the moon on March 4.The rocket's origin is not clear，but scientists know that it was massive – weighing about 3 tons.It must have left a large crater （坑），estimated 10 to 20 meters wide，on the moon's surface.It won't be visible right away，but scientists are trying to locate it. "We will find the crater，eventually，" Mark Robinson，lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera，told USA TODAY. "Depending on its location，    could take as long as 28 days."
     What's significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk.First，the accumulation of space junk in Earth's orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station （ISS） are at risk.In 2016，tiny space debris （残骸），smaller than a millimeter，caused a tiny chip in the ISS' window.Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause.The European Space Agency website states that objects "up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite" while objects over 10 cm "could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces".If this sounds terrifying，that's because it is.Any collision with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.
     In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites，space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself.Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades.Some powerful collisions can even send large debris hurtling （猛冲） toward Earth's surface where it can affect the local environment.Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that are harmful to plant and animal life.Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012，a local doctor told the BBC．
  
  （1）Which of the following can be regarded as space junk？

  
  A．An abandoned space station.
  B．A spacecraft orbiting the moon.
  C．A crater on the moon's surface.
  D．A satellite working in low Earth orbit.
  （2）What does the underlined word "it" refer to in paragraph 2？

  
  A．Tracking the rocket.
  B．Locating the crater.
  C．Cleaning up the space junk.
  D．Finding out the rocket's origin.
  （3）Why does the author mention the damage caused by tiny space debris in 2016？

  
  A．To compare the effects of debris of different sizes.
  B．To prove the space debris problem is getting worse.
  C．To illustrate the potential dangers of space junk.
  D．To explain the necessity of removing space junk.
  （4）What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph？

  
  A．It's likely to cause a global environmental crisis.
  B．It can pose a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere.
  C．It's impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere.
  D．The toxic materials contained in space junk are the biggest threat it poses.
  组卷：6引用：5难度：0.5

  解析

写作（共两节，满分20分）

• 8．假定你是李华，读完外教Mr.Brown推荐的一些英文小说后，你的收获很大。请你给他写一封感谢信，内容包括：
  （1）表示感谢；（2）你的收获；（3）希望得到进一步指导。100词左右
  Dear Mr.Brown，
  _________
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 9．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
      Lee took a deep breath and let it out slowly.When his lungs felt comfortable，he dived beneath the water.Looking up，he could see the bright sun shining on the water's surface. "Soon，" Lee thought， "I shall be able to hold my breath as long as David.Then I，too，shall be able to dive for pearls. "
      With lungs burning，he quickly surfaced and gasped（喘气） for breath.Lee was small for his twelve years，and he hated being treated as a child.David，his old brother，had been looked upon as a man long before he was Lee's age.
      Now，every day as the sun warmed the bay，David and the other young men went out to dive for oysters （牡蛎）.With luck，there would be pearls in many of them.Many times Lee begged to go along，but David always refused.
      So every day Lee would go to the shallow water to practice.With each day's effort，his diving improved and he felt much at home in the water. "Tomorrow I shall challenge David." Lee decided.The next morning，Lee rose early，hurrying to catch up with David，who was already on the beach. "David，wait!" called Lee.
      The group of men around David grew quiet.Lee continued， "David，I say that I can hold my breath under the water as long as you can.If I win，I ask only that you treat me as a man and let me dive by your side."
      The men of the village gasped（倒抽气） and began to laugh.David looked amused， "And what if when you lose？"
      "I will not lose!" He took a breath， "But if I should，I promise not to ask to go with you for a full year!The men of the village are here to judge."
      Hearing this，David looked surprised.
  注意：
  1.续写词数应为100左右；
  2.续写部分分为一段，开头语已为你写好；
  But with all of his friends looking on，David had no choice but to agree.____________
  组卷：3引用：3难度：0.4

  解析