2021-2022学年广东省珠海市高三（上）期末英语试卷
发布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
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1．If you're traveling to South America in summer，you should have Patagonia （at the southern end of South America） high up on your list of things to do.With this list，I show you the best places to visit in Patagonia.The climate down there is pretty rough，especially in the very south - if you plan to do hiking or camping，the best time for a trip is between the end of November and the beginning of March.
1.Bariloche，Argentina
The fact that Bariloche is well connected （airport，direct bus to and from Buenos Aires） makes it the perfect starting point of a round trip through Patagonia.But more than that：the combination of mountains，lakes and green forests results in its beautiful scenery.
2.Futaleufú，Chile
Further down south and a bit harder to access is the small Chilean village Futaleufú which is located at the border to Argentina.The reason which makes it worth it：the Futaleufú River is often referred to as one of the best white water spots for rafting in the world.The landscape along the river is unique and，due to its location，still pretty much untouched.
3.Puerto Rio Tranquilo，Chile
If you want to get there quickly，you should travel through Argentina and cross over to Chile Chico as this place is also very remote.The reason to do so：the marble caves in the General Carrera lake.
4.Torres del Paine，Chile
Personally the national park Torres del Paine is my number 1 attraction in Patagonia - you should take some time and do a multi-day trek to experience as much of it as possible：glaciers，forests，impressive mountain ranges，lagoons and rivers.
（1）What is the best time for hiking in Patagonia？
A．October 1-November 1.
B．December 25-January 15.
C．March 5-April 1.
D．November 5-June 7.
（2）Which of the following about the Futaleufú River is true？
A．It lies in an easily accessible village.
B．It is ignored due to rafting sports.
C．It is the best rafting river in the world.
D．It still has untouched landscapes.
（3）Which place attracts the author most in Patagonia？
A．Bariloche.
B．Futaleufú.
C．Puerto Rio Tranquilo.
D．Torres del Paine.组卷：11引用：7难度：0.6 -
2．Most teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purpose in life.However，not Gitanjali Rao.The 15-year-old sophomore at STEM School Highlands Ranch has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten.It is，therefore，not surprising that the youngster was selected from 5，000 equally impressive nominees-aged 8 to 16-for TIME Magazine's first-ever "Kid of the Year."
The young girl，who knew she wanted to bring change and positivity to her community since 3rd grade，was just ten years old when she heard about the lead-tainted （含铅的） water in Flint，Michigan，in 2015.After spending two months researching how the area's drinking water became polluted，Rao began designing a device called Tethys，which attaches to a cellphone and informs the resident via an APP if their drinking water contains traces of the harmful metal.The prototype （模型） earned her the Young Scientist Challenge Award in 2017.A start-up entrepreneur is working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.
In 2019，Rao took on another social issue-opioid addiction.The app she designed won the Pillar Prize at the Innovation Student Challenge，which helps to catch drug addiction in young adults before it's too late.Rao said. "I wanted to come up with a way to diagnose such addiction at an early stage so you can take action earlier."
More recently，the teenager has created another inspiring app. "I stared to hard-code （编写硬编码） in some words that could be considered bullying，and then the computer search engine took those words and identified words that are similar.You type in a word or phrase，and it's able to pick it up if it's bullying，and it gives you the option to edit it or send it the way it is." Rao told editor Angelina in an interview. "The goal is not to punish.Instead，it gives you the chance to rethink what you're saying so that you know what to do next time around."
（1）How is Gitanjali Rao different from most teenagers？
A．She is trying to find her passion and purpose in life.
B．She is a sophomore at STEM School Highlands Ranch.
C．She has put forward creative answers to worldwide problems.
D．She applied to be "Kid of the Year" of TIME Magazine.
（2）What can we learn about Tethys from Paragraph 2？
A．It is a device for residents to research the drinking water.
B．The traces of the harmful metal will be presented on it.
C．Its phone APP tells users whether the water is polluted.
D．A start-up entrepreneur has put Tethys on the market.
（3）What does the underlined expression " opioid addiction" in Paragraph 3 refer to？
A．Internet addiction.
B．Drug abuse.
C．App innovation.
D．Health diagnosis.
（4）What is the goal of the app against cyberbullying？
A．To give a punishment for bullying.
B．To guide users to send proper words.
C．To withdraw bullying messages.
D．To help find more accurate expressions.组卷：0引用：1难度：0.6 -
3．Hundreds of millions have rolled up their sleeves for the COVID-19 vaccine，but why haven't they rolled up their pant legs instead？Why do we get most shots in our arms？What s the science behind why we get most vaccines in our arm？It's worth noting that most，but not all，vaccines are given in the muscle.Some vaccines are given orally.Others are given just beneath the skin.
But why is the muscle so important，and does location matter？
There are important immune cells in muscle tissue.These immune cells recognize the antigen （抗原），a tiny piece of a virus or bacteria introduced by the vaccine that stimulates an immune response.Thus，muscles make an excellent vaccine administration site.
In the ease of the COVID-19 vaccine，the immune cells in the muscle tissue pick up these antigens and present them to the lymph nodes （淋巴结）.Injecting the vaccine into muscle tissue keeps the vaccine in a small area，allowing immune cells to sound the alarm to other immune cells and get to work.Once a vaccine is recognized by the immune cells in the muscle，these cells carry the antigen to lymph vessels，which transport the antigen-carrying immune cells into the lymph nodes.Lymph nodes，key components of our immune system，contain more immune cells that recognize the antigens in vaccines and start the immune process of creating antibodies （抗体）.
Muscle tissue also tends to keep vaccine reactions in the local area.If certain vaccines are injected into fat tissue，the chance of painful redness or swelling increases because fat tissue has poor blood supply，leading to poor absorption of some vaccine components.
Another deciding factor in vaccine administration location is the size of the muscle.Adults and children aged three and older tend to receive vaccines in their upper arm.Younger children receive their vaccines in the middle part of the leg because their arm muscles are smaller and less developed.Convenience and social acceptability should also be considered.As is known，rolling up your sleeve is way easier and more preferred.
All things considered，when it comes to the flu shot and the COVID-19 vaccine，for most adults and kids，the arm is the preferred vaccination route.
（1）Why do muscles make a good vaccine administration site？
A．Muscles can easily recognize bacteria.
B．Muscle tissue stimulates immune response.
C．Muscle tissue contains vital immune cells.
D．Muscles can prevent reproduction of viruses.
（2）What can be learned from Paragraph 3？
A．Lymph vessels perform transporting function.
B．Lymph vessels is critical to creating antibodies.
C．Immune cells can automatically sound the alarm.
D．Immune cells give antigens to lymph vessels.
（3）What could be a result of injecting vaccines into fat tissue？
A．Poor blood supply.
B．Better absorption.
C．Local pain.
D．Rapid fat loss.
（4）The passage is most likely taken from.
A．an advertisement
B．a journal
C．a speech
D．a novel组卷：2引用：1难度：0.6
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节（满分15分）
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8．假定你是你校英语社社长，请你写一则英文通知，请全校师生来参加关于如何保护野生动物的一场英文报告，内容包括：
1.报告的时间和地点；
2.报告主要内容；
3.欢迎老师同学们来参加。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.通知的首尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Notice
Dear teachers and schoolmates，
________________________
The English Club组卷：3引用：2难度：0.5
第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
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9．It was a fine summer morning，perfect to be outdoors.Two sisters had been out mushroom picking，and were on their way home with heavy baskets full of mushrooms.They sang songs on the way，and played with each other.
Soon they reached a point where they had to cross a railway track.They did not think twice about crossing it since there was no train coming，and they could not hear any whistle.They slowly climbed the steep railway embankment （路堤），taking care not to drop the baskets.They were very near the track and the little sister Mary was about to cross it first when a train whistled in the distance.
Hearing the train coming，Rose the elder sister quickly ran down.She thought that the young one was following her.But as she turned back，she was shocked to see her little sister still up there crossing the track. "Come back here!Run back fast!" she shouted.
Mary seemed not to hear the whistle nor her sister's cry as she was concentrating on stepping over the track with her little feet，and holding on to the basket.Then she tripped and fell on the track，scattering her mushrooms around.
The engine driver panicked on seeing a girl between the tracks who was on her hands and knees and he blew the horn with all his strength.Poor Mary，who was frightened by the coming danger，froze and didn't know what to do.When Rose saw the scene，she screamed at the top of her voice for Mary's attention.Mary noticed that her sister was not around and cried for help.
With the train drawing near，the engine driver grew extremely anxious.As hard as he could，he kept blowing the whistle and started reducing speed.Yet it was not possible for him to stop the heavy train within such a short distance.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Rose wouldn't watch the tragedy happen before her eyes._______
The train rolled over and finally stopped._______组卷：2引用：2难度：0.3
