2021-2022学年广东省广州市花都区秀全中学高二（下）期中英语试卷

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分27.5分）第一节（共3小题，每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）

• 1．A starving polar bear seen hunting for food in a major industrial city in northern Siberia has been captured and will be transported to a wildlife park for treatment，according to local reports.
     Photos showed the female animal trudging across a busy road with muddy paws，digging through rubble and trash and lying down from apparent exhaustion on the ground.
     Experts believe the animal，initially thought to have wandered hundreds of miles from its natural habitat in the Arctic，instead may have been taken as a baby polar and raised in enclosed places by traders，according to the Siberian Times.
     The experts explained that it is typically not females but males that migrate long distances，and said this polar bear was too clean to have made such a travel，the newspaper reported.They told the newspaper it's possible that poachers released the animal to avoid being caught and punished.Polar bear poaching has been banned in Russia for more than 60 years.Still，it has been estimated that as many as 200 of them are killed each year in the Far East region.
     As the Washington post's Isaac Stanley-Becker reported，polar bears are classified as a vulnerable species because of the ongoing and potential loss of their sea ice habitat resulting from climate change，according to the World Wildlife Fund.
  
  （1）What does the underlined word "enclosed" mean in paragraph 3？

  
  A．Fenced.
  B．Chained.
  C．Diverged.
  D．Guaranteed.
  （2）Why do experts believe that the polar bear did not travel from the Arctic to Russia by itself？

  
  A．Because this polar bear is too exhausted.
  B．Because this polar bear is a male.
  C．Because this polar bear has no family.
  D．Because this polar bear looks clean.
  （3）Why are bears classified as vulnerable species according to the writer？

  
  A．Because they have white fur.
  B．Because their sea ice habitat is disappearing.
  C．Because they are not cut enough.
  D．Because they are often captured by poachers and pelt traders.
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Birds' bodies are becoming smaller in size in response to climate change，even in places like the Amazon rainforest that are relatively untouched by human hands，according to a new study published in the journal Science Advances.
     Researchers found that nearly all of the birds' bodies have become lighter since the 1980s，losing on average about 2% of their body weight every decade.For an average bird species that weighed about 30 grams in the 1980s，the population now averages about 27.6 grams.The study also revealed that wingspan was getting bigger in the Amazon bird species studied.
     These birds don't vary that much in size.When everyone in the population is a couple of grams smaller，it's significant.This is undoubtedly happening all over and probably not just with birds.
     A lower body weight and increasing wing length means that birds use energy more efficiently，the researchers noted.For example，compared with a fighter jet with short wings that needs lots of fuel to fly，a glider plane with a thin body and long wings flies up into the air with much less energy.The study concluded that a warmer climate was the driving force of these changes.The climate in Brazilian Amazonia，where the birds lived，had gotten hotter and wetter over the study period.Since 1966，rainfall increased by 13% in the wet season and fell by 15% in the dry，with temperatures increasing by 1 degree Celsius in the wet season and 1.65 degrees Celsius in the dry season.The change in climate might have made food or other resources insufficient.
     Together，body proportions moved in the direction of more efficient flight and lower metabolic heat production and are consistent with a plastic or genetic adaptation to resource or thermal stress under climate change.
     Animals are dealing with climate change in different ways.
  
  （1）What is the direct cause of birds' changes？

  
  A．A warmer climate.
  B．A scientific advance.
  C．A lack of sufficient food.
  D．A lack of drinking water
  （2）Why is a glider plane mentioned in paragraph 4？

  
  A．To show planes fly with much less fuel.
  B．To prove birds need much energy to fly.
  C．To demonstrate birds' efficient energy use.
  D．To illustrate planes need lots of fuel to fly.
  （3）What will probably be discussed in the following paragraph？

  
  A．Animals' other body part changes.
  B．People's attempts to protect animals.
  C．Birds' adaptation to climate change.
  D．Animals' ways to tackle climate change
  （4）Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？

  
  A．Birds Nowadays Also Have to Adapt to Climate Change
  B．The Climate Crisis Is Influencing Birds' Body Shapes
  C．It's Our Duty to Take Measures to Protect Birds on the Planet
  D．It's Time to Raise Human Beings' Awareness of Climate Crisis
  组卷：2引用：2难度：0.4

  解析

• 3．Scientists may have found a way to reduce shortage of type O blood．Type O is the kind of blood that hospitals most often need．What the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type O blood out of other kinds of blood．
     There are four main kinds of blood．Most people born with one of these four：Type A，Type B，Type AB or Type O．Type O can be safely given to anyone．So it is commonly used when a person is injured or sick and has to have blood．
     Type O is the most common blood group．But the supplies of it available in hospitals and blood banks are usually limited．This is because of the high demand for it．Type O blood is used in emergencies when there is no time to identify the patient's blood type．
     Giving A，B or AB to someone with a different blood type，including O，can cause a bad reaction by the person's defense system．Their immune system can reject the blood．This immune reaction can be deadly．
     The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules．These molecules are found on the surface of the cells．They are known as antigens（抗原）．These antigens are found with type A，B and AB blood but not with type O．
     More than twenty-five years ago，scientists found that the antigens could be removed to create what they called universal-type cells．They could be removed with chemicals called enzymes（酶）．But large amounts of enzymes were required to make the change．
     Doctor Henrik Clausen of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark led the study．The next step，he says，is to complete safety tests．The team is working with the American company ZymeQuest to test the new method．If it meets safety requirements（要求） and is not too costly，it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood．
  
  （1）How do scientists deal with the problem of lacking type O blood？

  
  A．Make type O blood out of other kinds of blood．
  B．Make the most of the present type O blood．
  C．Develop new ways of using type O blood．
  D．Appeal to more people to donate type O blood．
  （2）What make people have different kinds of blood？

  
  A．Sugar molecules in red blood cells．
  B．People's different living conditions．
  C．The variety of people's cells and genes．
  D．People's various immune systems．
  （3）What can we infer from the text？

  
  A．Antigens could easily be removed to create universal blood．
  B．A Danish company wanted to involve itself in studying blood．
  C．Type O blood can be safely given to anyone．
  D．The new method is not safe enough to be put into use in hospitals now．
  （4）What is the best title for the text？

  
  A．Four different kinds of blood．
  B．A new way to make type O blood．
  C．The latest research on blood type．
  D．Find the proper type of blood．
  组卷：5引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第二节七选五（共1小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

• 4．It is a question people have been asking for ages.（1）

  For centuries，people have been looking for a "fountain of youth".The idea is that if you find a magical fountain and drink from its waters，you will not become old.
     Researchers in New York did not find a fountain of youth in fact，but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process.It appears that the answer may be hidden right between your eyes，in an area called the hypothalamus（丘脑下部）.It is part of your brain.（2）

  
     A professor at New York's Albert Einstein College of Medicine，found that hypothalamus influences how fast aging takes place in the body.（3）

  "So when hypothalamus function is in decline，this protection against the aging development is lost.It finally leads to aging."
     Using this information，the researchers began trying to activate（激活）the hypothalamus in mice.They did this by putting hypothalamus stem cells from younger mice into middle-aged animals.Later，the researchers examined mice and tested for changes in behavior.（4）

  The results showed that the treatment slowed aging in the animals.
     It is said when hypothalamus stem cells，which came from young mice was put into middle-aged mice，the mice aged slowly and they also increased the length of their lives.（5）

  If the mice can live longer，does that mean people could have longer lives？This needs further study.
  
  A.It controls important activities within the body.
  B.Is there a possible way to turn back the aging process？
  C.But these findings were just from studying mice in a lab.
  D.He also reported that when it starts aging，so does the body.
  E.Aging speed can be controlled by a particular place in the body.
  F.They also looked for changes in the strength of the animals' muscles.
  G.They are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells，like blood or skin cells.
  组卷：3引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节完形填空（共1小题，每小题15分，满分15分）

• 5．COVID-19 has closed schools and public libraries across the United States.However，a librarian in Virginia has thought of a/an（1）

  way to keep kids reading，free of charge.Drones（无人机）will deliver books of their（2）

  straight to their door.Kelly Passek，a middle school librarian in Virginia's Montgomery County School District，is an early（3）

  of a drone delivery service.Set up by a company called Wing，the pilot project has been delivering household products by drone to her for some time.
     It didn't take long for Kelly to（4）

  the two things and see how this new technology would（5）

  the children in her district. "I think kids are going to be（6）

  to learn that they are going to be the first in the world to（7）

  a library book by drone，" Kelly told The Washington Post.
     What's the most exiting about the new Virginia project is that drones will（8）

  the social public welfare（福利）programs：spreading（9）

  and increasing access to（10）

  resources.
     The services will be made immediately（11）

  to about 600 students.They'll have plenty of time to（12）

  their books，as the books won't have to be（13）

  until the school starts in the fall.Kelly said（14）

  ，"Drone delivery will help a few more kids interested in（15）

  ."
  
  

  （1）	A．average	B．easy	C．creative	D．traditional
  （2）	A．designs	B．names	C．translation	D．choice
  （3）	A．adopter	B．buyer	C．manager	D．inventor
  （4）	A．find	B．link	C．compare	D．take
  （5）	A．inspire	B．inform	C．benefit	D．guide
  （6）	A．anxious	B．stressful	C．relaxed	D．thrilled
  （7）	A．receive	B．possess	C．lend	D．transform
  （8）	A．prevent	B．support	C．try	D．replace
  （9）	A．knowledge	B．information	C．happiness	D．friendship
  （10）	A．social	B．natural	C．educational	D．medical
  （11）	A．available	B．equal	C．reliable	D．special
  （12）	A．review	B．translate	C．handle	D．enjoy
  （13）	A．returned	B．delivered	C．sold	D．thrown
  （14）	A．honestly	B．hopefully	C．carefully	D．strictly
  （15）	A．science	B．technology	C．reading	D．writing
  组卷：6引用：4难度：0.3

  解析

第二节语法填空（共1小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）

• 6．Archaeologists have found something even more exciting in Sichuan Province，and the discovery was made at the Sanxingdui Ruins （三星堆遗址）.The site（1）

  （believe） to be the location of an ancient civilization active thousands of years ago.
      （2）

  we are seeing now is one of the newly discovered sacrificial pits （祭祀坑） at the Sanxingdui Ruins.Sanxingdui，（3）

  （literal） meaning "three-star mounds" in Chinese，is about（4）

  80-minute drive from Chengdu，the capital city of Sichuan Provjye.aice.In the 1980s，archaeologists determined that the three mounds were once part of a city wall that defended an ancient kingdom.（5）

  （cover）12 square kilometers，the Sanxingdui Ruins are believed to be remains of the ancient Shu Kingdom，which was active over a period spanning 2，600 to 4，800 years ago.
      The first discovery here was a piece of jade （玉石） unearthed（6）

  accident by a farmer in 1929.In 1986，two sacrificial pits（7）

  （fill） with relics were discovered.On a press conference held just now，Chinese（8）

  （authority） announced that archaeologists have found six more sacrificial pits at the Sanxingdui Ruins.The six newly-discovered pits sit next to the two discovered in 1986，（9）

  make up a sacred complex that would have been the site of sacrifices and prayer.
      Even today，many secrets are hidden in the Sanxingdui Ruins.But hopefully one day we can find out more about the（10）

  （mystery） ancient civilization that once lived here.
  组卷：1引用：2难度：0.4

  解析

第三部分写作（共四节，满分10分）第一节单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）根据句子意思和中文提示，用正确形式填空，每空只填一个单词。

• 7．The swimmer

  （浮出） from the lake， took a deep breath and then made another dive into the lake.
  组卷：4引用：2难度：0.4

  解析

• 8．The rapid

  （扩张） of cities can cause social and economic problems．
  组卷：12引用：4难度：0.9

  解析

• 9．You must learn to

  （自我约束，自我控制）yourself. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
  组卷：1引用：2难度：0.7

  解析

第三节应用文写作（满分15分）

• 27．假定你是李华，是校学生会主席。最近，你校学生会发起了一个名为"杜绝校园浪费，倡导低碳生活"的主题活动，要求同学们在日常生活中减少浪费，实现低碳生活。请你代表学生会写一份倡议书，内容包括：
  （1）列举校园存在的浪费现象；
  （2）低碳生活的必要性；
  （3）提出倡议。
  注意：词数80左右。
  组卷：9引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第四节读后续写（满分25分）

• 28．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
      Jenny was the only child in her home. She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily. She couldn't help crying sadly when she thought of the scolding（责骂） from her mother. Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours， she felt hungry and wished for something to eat， but it was impossible for her， since she had nothing with her. She stood beside a stand for a while， watching the seller busy doing his business. However， with no money in hand， she sighed and had to leave.
     The seller noticed the young girl and asked "Hey， do you want to have the noodles？"
      "Oh， yes... but I don't have money on me…" she replied.
      "That's nothing. I'll treat you today，" said the man， "come in."
      The seller brought her a bowl of tasty noodles. As she was eating， Jenny cried silently.
      "What is it？" asked the man kindly.
      " I was just touched by your kindness!" said Jenny as she wiped her tears， "Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles， while my mother， drove me out of the house. She is so merciless compared to a stranger!!"
      Hearing the words， the seller smiled " I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby. Can you number the times she cooked for you？Have you expressed your gratitude to her？"
      Jenny sat there， speechless； she remembered mother's familiar face. "Why did I not think of that？ I appreciated a bowl of noodles from a stranger， but I have never thanked my mum for what she has done for me."
      On the way home， Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
  注意：
  1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
  2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
  Para 1： Approaching the doorway， Jenny took a deep breath.________.
  Para 2： A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.________.
  组卷：14引用：4难度：0.3

  解析