2018-2019学年辽宁省本溪一中高一（下）开学英语试卷

第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分25.0分）第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．（共3小题；每小题2.5分，满分25.0分）

• 1．Oscar Wrigley，a two-year-old child with the same IQ as Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking，has become the youngest boy in Britain to be accepted into Mensa．
     A leader at the Gifted Children's Information Centre said Oscar，with an IQ of at least 160，is one of the brightest children they have ever come across．
     Oscar's father Joe，29，an IT specialist，said， "He is always asking questions．Every parent likes to think their child is special but we knew there was something very unusual about Oscar．I'm fully expecting the day to come when he turns around and tells me I'm an idiot（白痴）．"
     Mother Hannah，26，told The Daily Mail， "He surprises everyone．We knew at 12 weeks he was quite bright．He was unusually quick in mind．The other day he said to me， 'Mummy，sausages are like a party in my mouth．' His vocabulary is surprising．He's able to make complex sentences．"
     Dr Peter Congdon，who tested Oscar，said he was a "child of very superior intelligence （超常智力）"．He showed outstanding ability． "Oscar shows great gift．Changing that gift to success is the challenge for his parents and we are pleased that they have chosen to join the Mensa network for support"，he said．Exactly speaking，Oscar was accepted at the age of two years，five months and 11 days．
     The youngest British girl to join Mensa is Elise Tan Roberts，from Edmonton，North London，at two years，four months and 14 days，with an IQ of 156．
  
  （1）Why was Oscar Wrigley accepted into Mensa？

  
  A．Because he is cleverer than Albert Einstein．
  B．Because he has very superior intelligence．
  C．Because he is the brightest child in Britain．
  D．Because his father is an IT specialist of Mensa．
  （2）We can infer Mensa is probably the name of

  ．
  A．the cleverest boy in the world
  B．the brightest adult in Britain
  C．a club for people with superior intelligence
  D．a family with superior intelligence
  （3）According to the passage，it's not easy for his parents to

  ．
  A．change his gift to success
  B．answer his questions
  C．test his gift
  D．know him well
  （4）The main purpose of the passage is

  ．
  A．to tell us a family with the cleverest child
  B．to give us some ways to have the same IQ as Albert Einstein
  C．to explain how Oscar becomes a clever child
  D．to tell us a boy with the same IQ as Albert Einstein
  组卷：10引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Today，as in every other day of the year，more than 3000 U．S．adolescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults．During their lifetime，it can be expected that of these 3，000 about 23 will be murdered，30 will die in traffic accidents，and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease．The number of deaths due to cigarette smoking outweighs all other factors，whether voluntary or involuntary，as a cause of death．
     Since the late 1970s，when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 percent，smoking rates among youth have declined．While the decline is impressive，several important issues must be raised．
  First，in the past several years，smoking rates among youth have declined very little．Second，in the late 1970s，smoking among male high school seniors beat that among female by nearly 10 percent．The statistic is reversing（完全相反的）．Third，several recent studies have indicated high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates，as much as 75 percent．
     Finally，though significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade，no definite reasons for the decline exist．Within this context，the National Cancer Institute （NCI） began its current effort to determine the most effective measures to reduce smoking level among youth．
  
  （1）According to the author，the deaths among youth are mainly caused by

  ．
  A．traffic accidents
  B．murder
  C．smoking-related disease
  D．all of these
  （2）By "dropout" the author means

  ．
  A．students who failed the examination
  B．students who were driven out of school
  C．students who lost their way
  D．students who left school
  （3）The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that

  ．
  A．NCI has taken effective measures
  B．smoking is prevented among high school seniors
  C．there are many smokers who have died of cancer
  D．none of these
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．My wife and I，recently driving through Arizona，stopped at a "collector's shop" in Tucson，where many kinds of stones and minerals were on display．During the visit，we were taken into a small room where ordinary looking rocks were laid out on shelves．Had I seen them on some hillside，I would not have given them a second thought．Then the man closed the door so that the room was in total darkness and turned on an ultraviolet lamp （紫外线灯）．Instantly，the rocks showed a kind of glory．Brilliant colors of an indescribable beauty were there before our eyes：certain power had been switched on，and a hidden world came to life．
     As I look at my universe and walk among my fellow humans，I have the deep belief that hidden realities are all around us：there in the physical world，and there also in the human world．
     I believe，then，that my chief job in life is to switch on extra power so that I can see what my naked eyes（裸眼），or my naked mind，cannot see now．I believe that I have to do this particularly with my human fellows．My ordinary eyes tend to stop short at those envelopes we call human bodies．But we have learned that by turning on certain power we can see through to the inside of these envelopes．
     We call this extra power "imagination"．At its highest，we call it "empathy"，the power to see through and to feel through to the inner life of other human beings．When we turn on this lamp of imaginative sensitivity，we make the ordinary human beings around us come excitingly alive．
     When we are aware that there are glories of life still hidden from us，we walk humbly （谦逊地） before the Great Unknown．But we do more than this：we try to increase our power of seeing and feeling so that we can turn what is still unknown into what is warmly and understandably known．This，I believe，is our great human adventure．
  
  （1）Why does the writer mention their visit to the collector's shop？

  
  A．To share his experience．
  B．To explain his point
  C．To introduce the topic．
  D．To provide evidence
  （2）Which of the following does the writer agree with？

  
  A．He saw the very rocks on some hillside before．
  B．Hidden realities remain in the physical world．
  C．Ordinary minds can never reach other's inside．
  D．We should stay humble when we are still unknown．
  （3）It can be referred to as a great human adventure that

  ．
  A．we try hard to discover the hidden glories of life
  B．our eyes stop short at ordinary human beings
  C．we are aware of the truth of hidden realities
  D．we walk humbly before the Great Unknown
  组卷：3引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

第二节（共1小题；每小题10分， 满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．

• 4．Doctors Say Most Heart Disease Preventable Heart disease is the number one killer，worldwide，of men and women over the age of 60．But people of all ages die of heart attacks each year．And while death rates have declined in the U．S．and many western European countries，they are on the rise in the developing world．（1）

  
      No one would have guessed that Barbara Teng would have a heart attack．She was not overweight．She did not smoke or exercise．"In 2004，the week after I turned 49，when I was on a business trip in Chicago，I had a major heart attack，"she said．（2）

  She now exercises daily，and monitors her heart health．
      Dr．Patrice Nickens，who is with the National Heart，Lung and Blood Institute，thinks that heart disease is 82 percent preventable．"（3）

  ，"she said，"Men are also facing the same problem，and the key to staying healthy is knowing your numbers"．
      "Your weight，your blood cholesterol，blood sugar and your blood pressure are important numbers that can help you take action and reduce your risk，"she said．（4）

  
      "And the steps to take are simple：don't smoke，maintain a healthy weight，exercise，know your numbers and talk to your physician and control these risks，"she said．
      African-Americans are at higher-than-average risk for heart disease and stroke；people don't even know they have it，which increases the risk．Medstar Washington Hospital Center is trying to reach this population．（5）

  ．For example，helping the people monitor their blood pressure．If people realize they are at risk for heart disease，they'll make lifestyle changes：lose weight，exercise，eat the right foods and keep in touch with a doctor．
  
  A．And that changed her life
  B．So we must cure heart disease
  C．Lack of exercise causes heart attacks
  D．Yet most heart disease is preventable．
  E．It is the leading cause of death for women
  F．A healthy lifestyle can prevent heart disease
  G．With the right training，they can play an important role in community health．
  组卷：8引用：2难度：0.9

  解析

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）

• 12．假定你是中国高中生李华，今年暑假期间将去澳大利亚悉尼南部Kogarah的一所综合性学校Kogarah High School学习一个月，并将寄宿在当地的居民Silvia家中．请给Silvia写一封电子邮件，询问一些将在Kogarah生活的有关情况．具体询问内容如下：
  1．住宿是否可以有单间；
  2．房间里是否有网络；
  3．是否可以自己煮饭；
  4．是否有便利的交通．
  注意：1．词数100左右；
  2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
  3．开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数．
  Dear Silvia，
      Greetings from China!I an Li Hua，a high school student in China．          
      Looking forward to your reply．
      Best wishes．
  Yours sincerely，
  Li Hua
  组卷：8引用：5难度：0.3

  解析

第二节 读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据文章的情节续写，使之构成一个完整的故事．

• 13．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事．
      One weekend in July， Jane and her husband， Tom，had driven three hours to camp overnight by a lake in the forest．Unfortunately，on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel．By the time they reached the lake，Jane was so angry that she said to Tom， "I'm going to find a better spot for us to camp" and walked away．
      With no path to follow，Jane just walked on for quite a long time．After she had climbed to a high place，she turned around，hoping to see the lake．To her surprise，she saw nothing but forest and，far beyond，a snowcapped mountain top．She suddenly realized that she was lost．
      "Tom!" she cried． "Help!"
      No reply．If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom．Jane kept moving，but the farther she walked，the more confused she became．As night was beginning to fall，Jane was so tired that she had to stop for the night．Lying awake in the dark，Jane wanted very much to be with Tom and her family．She wanted to hold him and tell him how much she loved him．
      Jane rose at the break of day，hungry and thirsty．She could hear water trickling （滴落） somewhere at a distance．Quickly she followed the sound to a stream． To her great joy，she also saw some berry bushed．She drank and ate a few berries．Never in her life had she tasted anything better．Feeling stronger now，Jane began to walk along the stream and hope it would lead her to the lake．
      As she picked her way carefully along the stream，Jane heard a helicopter．Is that for me？Unfortunately，the trees made it impossible for people to see her from above．A few minutes later，another helicopter flew overhead．Jane took off her yellow blouse，thinking that she should go to an open area and flag them if they came back again．
  注意：
  1．所续写的短文词数应为150左右；
  2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
  3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
  4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语．
  Paragraph 1：
      But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again．____
  Paragraph 2：
      It was daybreak and Jane woke up．____
  组卷：9引用：3难度：0.5

  解析