2021-2022学年广东省实验中学高三（上）第二周周测英语试卷

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分27.5分）第一节（共3小题，每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）

• 1．People in Finland were the least likely to believe that people laughing in their presence were making fun of them.Less than ten percent of Finns in the study said they would think that，compared to eighty percent of people in Thailand
     Some people in the study said they felt unsure of themselves in social situations but bid their feelings of insecurity.Others said they avoided social situations where they had been laughed at before.The study found that people in Turkmenistan and Cambodia were more likely to be in the first group.They would hide their feelings of insecurity if they were around other people's laughter.But people in Iraq，Egypt and Jordan were more likely to try to avoid such situations if they felt they had been laughed at before.
     Shy people often avoid situations that would force them into close contact with other people.They worry that something they say or do will make other people laugh at them.But some people worry much more than others.They may have an illness called gelotophobia.Gelos is a Greek word.It means laughter.Phobia means fear.This fear of laughter can be truly sad for those who live with it. It can affect how they lead their lives.
     In the study，a team from the University of Zurich led more than ninety researchers from around the world.They wanted to understand the difference between normal shyness and true gelotophobia.Another purpose of the study was no compare the levels of fear of being laughed at in different cultures.The researchers surveyed more than twenty-two thousand people in forty-two different languages.The findings appeared in the scientific magazine Humor.
  
  （1）What did the study find？

  
  A．Being laughed at is a common fear.
  B．Being laughed at is different from culture to culture.
  C．Only people in Turkmenistan would hide their feelings of insecurity if they were around other people's laughter.
  D．The fear of being laughed at is different around the world.
  （2）Shy people often avoid situations that would force them into close contact with other people because

  .
  A．they have a disorder called gelotophobia
  B．it can affect how they lead their lives
  C．they worry that something they say or do will be laughed at
  D．they worry that what they say or do will make other people laugh at them
  （3）The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to

  .
  A．laughter
  B．gelotophobia
  C．fear
  D．Phobia
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  解析

• 2．According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research，both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions，it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
     To test the effect of social influence on eating habits，the researchers conducted two experiments.In the first，95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly（表面上） participate in a study about movie viewership.Before the film began，each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.In her natural state，the actor weighed 105 pounds.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
     Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.The participants followed suit，taking more food than they normally would have.However，they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
     For the second test，in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls.In the other case，she took 30 pieces.The results were similar to the first test：the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
     The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions.If this fellow participant is going to eat more，so will I.Call it the "I'll have what she's having" effect.However，we'll adjust the influence.If an overweight person is having a large portion，I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.But if a thin person eats a lot，I'll follow suit.If he can eat much and keep slim，why can't I？
  
  （1）What is the recent study mainly about？

  
  A．Food safety.
  B．Movie viewership.
  C．Consumer demand.
  D．Eating behavior.
  （2）What does the underlined word "beanpoles" in paragraph 1 refer to？

  
  A．Big eaters.
  B．Overweight persons.
  C．Picky eaters.
  D．Tall thin persons.
  （3）Why did the researchers hire the actor？

  
  A．To see how she would affect the participants.
  B．To test if the participants could recognize her.
  C．To find out what she would do in the two tests.
  D．To study why she could keep her weight down.
  （4）On what basis do we "adjust the influence" according to the last paragraph？

  
  A．How hungry we are.
  B．How slim we want to be.
  C．How we perceive others.
  D．How we feel about the food.
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  解析

• 3．Why does time seem to fly by faster as we get old？You've got your aging brain to blame.This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons（神经元）.New research suggests "rapid fire" abilities of the young brain allow us to process more information during youth，causing the days to seem longer earlier in life.However，as we get old，researchers say the older brain takes more time to process information.
     The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the journal European Review this week.According to Adrian Beian，the J.A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke，the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play，a major role in our perception（知觉）of time as we get old.Over the years these structures become more complex and eventually begin to degrade.
     "Little babies，for example，move their eyes much more often than adults because they're processing images at a faster rate，" Beian says.For older people，this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time，causing experiences to seem as though they're happening more quickly.
  
  （1）What causes time to fly faster as we get old？

  
  A．Changes of our nerves and neurons.
  B．Information in our brain.
  C．The electrical signals.
  D．Rapid fire abilities.
  （2）What is unavoidable in the process of getting old？

  
  A．Longer days.
  B．Aging brains.
  C．More images.
  D．Less experience.
  （3）Why do the days seem longer earlier in life？

  
  A．Young people are more energetic in their life.
  B．The younger brain takes less time to process information.
  C．Old people have fewer things to do than young people.
  D．Little babies move their eyes much more often.
  （4）What is the best title of the text？

  
  A．Nerves and Neurons
  B．Time Flies Fast
  C．The Older，the Faster
  D．The Function of the Brain
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  解析

第二节 七选五（每题2.5分，共12.5分）

• 4．Twenty-five years of experience in the field have convinced me that many people who consider themselves to be highly intelligent are not necessarily good thinkers.（1）

  There are many aspects of this trap but I shall mention just two.
     A highly intelligent person can take a view on a subject and then use his or her intelligence to defend that view. （2）

  When a person has a better defence of the view，he or she is less likely to seek out alternatives or listen to anyone else （3）

  As a result，many highly intelligent minds are trapped in poor ideas because they can defend them so well.
     A second aspect of the intelligence trap is that a person，who has grown up with the notion that he or she is more intelligent than those around，wants to get the most satisfaction from that intelligence.（4）

  Such a strategy gives you an immediate result and also establishes your superiority.Being constructive is much less rewarding.It may take years to show that a new idea works. （5）

  So it is obvious that being critical and destructive is a much more appealing use of intelligence.This is made even worse by the absurd Western notion that ' critical thinking' is enough.
  
  A.They get caught in the intelligence trap
  B.But why are intelligent people not good thinkers？
  C.Intelligent people always enjoy arguing with others.
  D.You also have to depend on the listener liking your idea.
  E.A person with higher intelligence always defends one's view better.
  F.The quickest and most reliable way is to prove someone else wrong.
  G.If you know that you are right，why should you do either of those things？
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  解析

第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节 完形填空（每题1分，共15分）

• 5．Degree Isn't Everything It is widely believed that highly-educated students are more likely to have a good job.However，at an on-campus job（1）

  in Jiangsu Province this year，many post graduates found it difficult to get a good（2）

  from big companies.It seemed that most companies preferred undergraduates.（3）

  ，some of the postgraduates ascribed（归因于）their failure in job hunting to the extra three years they had spent on further education.
     In my opinion，this phenomenon has（4）

  to do with our educational system.In China，moat students work hard on a high score on exams，while totally （5）

  the importance of practical skills.Young college students choose to continue their studies for a higher degree，（6）

  they believe the diploma can make them more competent in job hunting.However，it is a misunderstanding that all companies will think（7）

  of applicants with a master's degree.In fact，what most transnational corporations want is a（n）（8）

  with rich work experience Nowadays，employers pay more attention to（9）

  skills and innovation（创新） ability，which will enable their employees to make greater contribution and bring more（10）

  to the company.In this situation，those who have a higher degree but lack practical skills will not be valued.
     Furthermore，postgraduates usually（11）

  a higher salary，while undergraduates tend to be satisfied with a（12）

  starting salary.The best way to（13）

  a company is to save costs and improve work efficiency.If you were the employer，would you be willing to pay more money（14）

  an employee with less experience？I guess the answer is negative.
     In a word it is important for both undergraduates and postgraduates to （15）

  their knowledge structure and improve practical skills to survive in the fierce social competition.
  
  

  （1）	A．meeting	B．fair	C．scene	D．sight
  （2）	A．work	B．opportunity	C．offer	D．chance
  （3）	A．Still	B．Therefore	C．However	D．Otherwise
  （4）	A．few	B．many	C．little	D．much
  （5）	A．emphasizing	B．ignoring	C．valuing	D．evaluating
  （6）	A．because	B．why	C．while	D．so
  （7）	A．particularly	B．favorably	C．properly	D．especially
  （8）	A．worker	B．clerk	C．employee	D．staff
  （9）	A．true	B．real	C．virtual	D．practical
  （10）	A．salary	B．benefits	C．fund	D．finance
  （11）	A．ask for	B．apply for	C．look for	D．go for
  （12）	A．lower	B．higher	C．more	D．less
  （13）	A．rule	B．organize	C．direct	D．run
  （14）	A．at	B．to	C．on	D．for
  （15）	A．adopt	B．adjust	C．adore	D．adapt
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  解析

第二节 语法填空（每题1.5分，共5分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

• 6．In more recent times，acupuncture（针灸） has spread（1）

  （globe）．
      Acupuncture originated in China more than 2，000 years and it is one of the treasures of Chinese medicine．Essentially，it functions by（2）

  （improve） the smooth flow of life force energy，known in Chinese as "qi"．
      The channels，（3）

  which "qi" flows from the body's primary （4）

  （organ） to body tissues of the skin，muscles，tendons（肌腱），bones and joints，（5）

  （call） meridians （经络）．It is along the meridians （6）

  most acupuncture needle points are located．In other words，the needles work by repairing damages to the basic structure of our bodies（7）

  （ensure） that the life force energy of "qi" can flow smoothly．Although acupuncture is not enough to cure all illnesses，at least（8）

  creates a good starting point to build a healthy body．
      Anyhow，growing worldwide （9）

  （accept） has proved the strength of acupuncture，and I hope this wisdom of the Chinese tradition（10）

  （bring） health and happiness to more friends here and afar in the future．
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  解析

第三部分：话题写作背默（共两节，满分15.0分）第一节 写出下列短语的英文表达（每个1.5分，共15分）

• 7．向他们示意要安静
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  解析

第二节 翻译句子（每题3分；共15分）

• 20．他的名字叫托尼，与其说他看上去像一台机器，倒不如说更像一个人。
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  解析

• 21．总不能让女人和机器相爱吧。
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  解析