2021-2022学年广东省广州市天河中学高二（上）能力测试英语试卷

第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分37.5分) 第一节 阅读理解（满分 37.5 分 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 1．Various cultural activities always take place on campus in springy March．This year，the Office of Student Affairs is going to organize the South and Southeast Asian Cultural Festival to present cultures of these two regions across the board---the opening ceremony，food and cultural booths，talks and workshops，and many others．Don't be spoilt for choice!
  Local South and Southeast Asian Market
      The Cultural Square will be transformed into a local market where diverse South and Southeast Asian cultures meet．Visitors can taste local food，meet the locals and experience some local ways of life，so remember to drop into this wonderful marketplace!
      Date：6&7 March 2019（Wednesday&Thursday）
      Time：12：00-14：30
      Venue：Cultural Square，Main Campus
  Tofu Making Workshop
      Soft or firm，salty or sweet，steamed or fried，tofu is well-known for its nice taste and good nutrition．It plays an important role in East Asian and Southeast Asian food culture，so we may well have eaten it，but do you know how it is made？Here comes a chance for you to try your hand at making this widely enjoyed food!
      Date：10 March 2019（Sunday）
      Time：15：00-16：30
      Venue Room 201 B，2/F WS Centre
      Fee： ﹩100
  An Introduction to Dandiya Raas
      Dandiya Rass，a traditional folk dance of India，is associated with scenes of Holi，which is a famous spring festival known as the festival of colors．At this workshop，our Indian students will introduce the dance to the participants by dancing together and feel the soul of their unique music culture．
      Date：13 March 2019（Wednesday）
      Time：18：30-20：30
      Venue：Room 502，WFY Building
      Quota：20（First come，first served ）
  Thai Loy Krathong Festival
      Loy Krathong，or Water Lantern Festival，is a widely celebrated occasion in Thailand where people pray for good things for the year ahead．In this workshop，participants can try their hand at making their own krathong under the guidance of Thai students !
      Date：14 March 2019（Thursday）
      Time：18：30-20：30
      Venue ：L-LOUNGE，3/F YIA
      Quota ：20（First come，first served ）
  
  （1）These activities above are aimed to

  ．
  A．introduce several traditional festivals
  B．pray for good things for the coming year
  C．spread cultures of some Asian countries
  D．promote exchanges of some local dances
  （2）If you are free after 3 pm on Wednesday，you can go to

  ．
  A．Tofu Making Workshop
  B．Thai Loy Krathong Festival
  C．An Introduction to Dandiya Raas
  D．Local South and Southeast Asian Market
  （3）What can we know from the text？

  
  A．All the cultural activities are accessible free of charge．
  B．All the activities don't limit the number of participants．
  C．Loy Krathong is held to express thanks to the ancestors．
  D．Dandiya Raas is linked with scenes of the well-known festival Holi．
  组卷：7引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．I always dreamed of studying abroad，to learn at a world-class university while further exploring the grounds on which these nations achieved new milestones of development with each passing day．
     To study abroad after my graduation，I could not stop seeking my dream．To take the first step，I did some brainstorming and explored opportunities on the Internet and finally decided to go for China．There were a number of reasons behind it - its advanced education system and thousands of centuries of rich culture inspired me to study there．The primary one was my curiosity how a nation has left many nations behind in a short time at its fast pace of development．
      So just like that，I applied，along with some of my friends，for a master's degree program at Communication University of China．I was the only one who got selected in the said program and in addition，the Chinese Scholarship Council sponsored all of my expenses．This good news was welcomed by my family．
     This is my seventh month in Beijing．In my experience so far，one thing that appeared to be missing was the internship（实习）which I tried to find because I want to work here after completion of my studies．After some struggles I was lucky enough to get the opportunity to work as an intern with the Center for China and Globalization （CCG）．It's very exciting to work on their team as a researcher．Now I can proudly say that my decision to choose China as a study destination was the best decision I have ever made．
  
  （1）The writer writes the first paragraph mainly to

  ．
  A．encourage people to pursue dreams
  B．summarize the main idea of the text
  C．explain the reason for writing the passage
  D．add some background information
  （2）What is the most important reason for the author coming to China？

  
  A．China's rich culture．
  B．His curiosity．
  C．China's advanced education system．
  D．His family's support．
  （3）What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph？

  
  A．He is most proud of living in China．
  B．He wants to be a researcher in his own country in the future．
  C．He plans to work in China after graduation．
  D．He found a job upon arriving in Beijing．
  （4）What can be a suitable title for the text？

  
  A．Learning and Working in China
  B．Travel Experiences in China
  C．Realization of Dreams in China
  D．Importance of Having Dreams
  组卷：7引用：5难度：0.6

  解析

• 3．It is often difficult for farmers to identify diseases quickly enough to protect their crops and those on neighboring farms．Now，some farmers are using a simple device directly in the field to find viruses before they spread．
     In Tanzania，several viruses are a threat to cassava crops．Farmers struggle to identify the diseases in an urgent effort to avoid severe crop damage．The disease identification process is often difficult when farmers are acting on their own．If they do not know what is attacking their crops，they cannot decide the best way to fight the disease．A device from British technology company Oxford Nanopore is changing that．The device extracts deoxyribonucleic acid，better known as DNA，from plants．DNA is the carrier of genetic information in nearly all living things．The device helps farmers identify what is harming their crops so they can change to more resistant crops．
     Laura Boykin is with the University of Western Australia and also works with the Cassava Virus Action Project．She brought the device to a Tanzanian farm owned by Asha Mohamed．She said， "We are here collecting leaf punches from infected material to test，to do a DNA extraction and then start sequencing （排序） in the field．" The testing identified a number of viruses in the cassava fields near Mohamed's farm．The process also discovered that plants considered resistant to disease had a very low viral level．Once the viruses were identified，Asha Mohamed was given two kinds of seeds that are resistant to the diseases．
     In another case，DNA was collected from a pawpaw tree farm in Kenya．With that test，the technology was able to identify diseases affecting Naomi Mumo's crops．Naomi Mumo said， "All my pawpaw were affected by a disease，and I didn't know what kind of disease it was．But now，I have people who have identified the disease using new technology，and within a very short time．So I'm very happy．"
     The speed at which farmers identify diseases can mean the difference between the success or failure on large areas of crop land．Now，the use of such simple and easily transportable DNA sequencing devices is making that possible．
  
  （1）What's the main idea of the whole passage？

  
  A．Farmers In Tanzania struggle to identify the diseases in their crops
  B．How Laura Boykin helped Asha Mohamed to identify the viruses．
  C．DNA sequencing device helps farmers to find viruses and identify the diseases in their crops quickly．
  D．A DNA sequencing device helps farmers to identify the diseases and keep healthy．
  （2）Which of the following best explains "extracts" underlined in paragraph 2？

  
  A．produces
  B．creates
  C．refuses
  D．gets
  （3）We can infer from the passage that Naomi Mumo is

  with the DNA sequencing device．
  A．relaxed
  B．satisfied
  C．disappointed
  D．annoyed
  （4）Which of the following is not true according to the passage？

  
  A．Farmers often have difficulty in identifying diseases in their crops quickly by themselves．
  B．DNA carries genetic information in nearly all living things．
  C．Both Asha Mohamed and Naomi Mumo are farmers in Tanzania．
  D．If farmers can identify diseases in their crops quickly，they can protect their crops and succeed on large areas of crop land．
  组卷：9引用：4难度：0.8

  解析

• 4．Social distancing is not a new concept in the natural world，where infectious diseases are commonplace.Through specialized senses animals can detect certain diseases and change their behavior to avoid getting ill.
     In 1966，while studying chimps（猩猩）in a Tanzanian national park，zoologist Jane Goodall observed a chimp named McGregor who had caught a highly infectious virus.His fellow chimps attacked him and threw him out of the troop.In one instance，McGregor approached chimps in a tree.He reached out a hand in greeting，but the others moved away without a backward glance.
     "For a full two minutes，old McGregor sat motionless，staring after them，" Goodall notes in her 1971 book In the Shadow of Man. "It's really not that different to how some societies react today to such a tragedy."
     Not all animals are so aggressive toward their ailing neighbors.Sometimes it's as simple as avoiding those who may infect you.
     When Kiesecker，a lead scientist in America，studied American bullfrog in the late 1990s，he found that bullfrogs could not only detect a deadly smell of infection in other bullfrogs，but healthy members actively avoided those that were sick.Bullfrogs rely on chemicals signals to determine who is sick or not.
     Caribbean lobsters also shun diseased members of their community，well before they become infectious.It takes about eight weeks for lobsters infected with the deadly virus Panulirus argus mininuceovirus to become dangerous to others.Normally social animals，lobsters begin keeping away from the diseased as early as four weeks after infection - once the lobsters can smell certain chemicals released by sick individuals.
     "Overall，it's important to note that，unlike us，animals don't realize if they stay home，they might actually reduce the infection rate，" Kiesecker explains. "As humans，we have that abiljye.aiy.It's a big difference."
  
  （1）What can we learn about the chimps from Goodall's observation？

  
  A．They kept a distance from one another.
  B．They became aggressive when infected.
  C．The infected avoided contact with others.
  D．The infected were forced to leave the group.
  （2）What does the underlined word "shun" in Paragraph 6 probably mean？

  
  A．Avoid.
  B．Cure.
  C．Get rid of.
  D．Get along with.
  （3）How are humans different from animals according to Kiesecker？

  
  A．Humans are more sensitive to virus.
  B．Humans are less likely to get infected.
  C．Humans treat infectious diseases in a wiser way.
  D．Humans can detect chemical signals more quickly.
  （4）Which might be the best title for the text？

  
  A．Help Me Out
  B．Leave Me Alone
  C．Stay Away From Us
  D．Stay Home Stay Healthy
  组卷：1引用：6难度：0.5

  解析

第二节 七选五 （满分 12.5 分 ）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两项为多余选项。

• 5．How to Succeed in Science
  To succeed in science，you need a lot more than luck．In my view，you have to combine intelligence with a willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward．Thus，these have come to be my rules for success．
  1（1）

  
  That might sound proud，but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself．It's like playing any game．Even as a child，I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was．If you win，it gives you no pleasure．And in the game of science or life，the highest goal isn't simply to win；it's to win at something really difficult．（2）

  
  2．Take risks
  To make a huge success，a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble．If you are going to make a huge jump in science，you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition．（3）

  This can be more than personally upsetting．
  3．Never do anything that bores you．
  My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things，and then leave you alone．I'm not good enough to do well in something I dislike．（4）

  
  It's very hard to succeed if you don't want to be with other scientists-you have to go to key meetings where you spot key facts that would have escaped you．And you have to chat with your competitors，even if you find them objectionable．
  So my final rule is：（5）

  
  
  A．Meet challenges with great courage．
  B．If you can't stand to be with your real peers，get out of science．
  C．Put another way，it's to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top．
  D．Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess．
  E．Avoid foolish people．
  F．In fact，I find it hard to do well in something I like．
  G．Besides，you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes．
  组卷：30引用：4难度：0.7

  解析

第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分20分) 第一节 完形填空（ 共 20 题 ； 每小题 1 分，满分 20 分 ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

• 6．Regardless of the weather or the distance，Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
     A retired engineer，76-year-old Wilson has been（1）

  free rides to college students for the past eight years.Since he first started（2）

  his car to the young people，Wilson has（3）

  an astonishing 64，000 miles，and has had countless pleasant and often humorous（4）

  with the students he transports to and from school.The students who he's（5）

  have gone on to become physicians，teachers and engineers，but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson.Some students（6）

  call him "Grandpa".
     Tina Stern（7）

  rides from Wilson for all her four years in college，and the trips meant much more to her than just free（8）

  . "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in（9）

  silence or with your headphones on，" Stern said. "He asks you questions and actually（10）

  the answers，so the next time you ride with him，he'll（11）

  those things."
     Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation，On Point for College.Although the（12）

  asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes，Wilson often goes（13）

  to ensure the welfare and safety of the students.If they have problems with registration，Wilson is there to（14）

  them.If they run out of certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed.If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school，Wilson never（15）

  to buy them a meal.
     For many students，Wilson's help is not only appreciated，it's also entirely（16）

  for them to be able to complete their college education.Some students don't have a reliable car，while others have to（17）

  vehicles with parents who work six days a week.For them，riding with Wilson has（18）

  them to complete their education-but according to Wilson，he benefits just as much from the（19）

  . "I just love driving，and I love these kids，" Wilson said. "It's such a（n）（20）

  to be a part of these kids' lives，even just for a few hours，getting to know them and hearing their stories."
  
  

  （1）	A．linking	B．sending	C．offering	D．distributing
  （2）	A．donating	B．lending	C．delivering	D．volunteering
  （3）	A．paved	B．covered	C．measured	D．wandered
  （4）	A．arguments	B．interviews	C．negotiations	D．conversations
  （5）	A．met	B．driven	C．addressed	D．greeted
  （6）	A．even	B．ever	C．once	D．already
  （7）	A．earned	B．received	C．assessed	D．demanded
  （8）	A．transportation	B．style	C．time	D．communication
  （9）	A．forced	B．awkward	C．ridiculous	D．suspicious
  （10）	A．selects	B．recites	C．guesses	D．remembers
  （11）	A．act on	B．settle on	C．check on	D．agree on
  （12）	A．club	B．league	C．college	D．programme
  （13）	A．far	B．around	C．beyond	D．forwards
  （14）	A．assist	B．watch	C．urge	D．warn
  （15）	A．expects	B．attempts	C．manages	D．hesitates
  （16）	A．extra	B．unusual	C．necessary	D．adequate
  （17）	A．share	B．fuel	C．repair	D．exchange
  （18）	A．required	B．allowed	C．reminded	D．convinced
  （19）	A．experience	B．arrangement	C．appreciation	D．employment
  （20）	A．effort	B．ambition	C．privilege	D．convenience
  组卷：21引用：6难度：0.5

  解析

第二节 语法填空 （满分 15 分 ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

• 7．Fall is here，but this year，tree （1）

  （leaf）won't be the only thing to change color as it gets colder.Recently，Stone Island （2）

  （push）out heat sensitive sweaters（热感毛衣）that change color （3）

  （depend）on the air temperature.
      Stone Island is an Italian men's clothing brand，known （4）

  experimenting with creative clothing materials.Its heat sensitive sweater consists of two layers（层）.The outer face is made of heat-sensitive fiber that changes color when（5）

  （expose）to cold，while the inner one is made of pure wool.The sweater constantly changes between two different colors，creating an （6）

  （impress） 3 D effect.There are currently three color combinations （7）

  （choose） from yellow to orange，bright green to army green，and milk white to dark-gray.
      Heat-sensitive clothes are not unheard-of.During the 1990's， （8）

  company called Hypercolor gained attention for creating the first T-shirts （9）

  changed from colored to colorless as temperatures changed from cold to warm，but they only reacted to the wearer's body temperature，not （10）

  of the environment.
      Stone Island's heat-sensitive sweaters are now available online.Dressed in this magic sweater，you will become a human chameleon（变色龙）.
  组卷：0引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

单词拼写

• 8．The bank manager was really to

  （应受责备）though he tried to pin it on a clerk.
  组卷：2引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

第二节 短语填空 （满分 10 分 ）用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整，有两个短语多余。

• 23．直到上周末为止，没有一个应聘者表现得比谢磊要好。（否定式+比较级）
  By the end of last week，

  .
  组卷：0引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第四部分 书面表达 （ 满分 30 分 ）

• 24．假定你是高二学生李华，为了弘扬雷锋精神，你校在3月5日学雷锋纪念日举办了一次去敬老院慰问老人的活动，请你写封邮件给你的美国笔友Karen，介绍此次活动的有关情况。内容包括：
  1.介绍学雷锋日；
  2.记叙活动的经过：
  （1）向老人赠送礼物（如鲜花等）：
  （2）为老人提供服务（如清洁等）：
  （3）为老人表演节目（如唱歌等）。
  3.活动感想
  词汇：弘扬雷锋精神carry forward the Spirit of Lei Feng
  敬老院nursing home；学雷锋日Learn from Lei Feng Day
  写作要求：1.词数150词左右；2适当增补细节，使文章流畅。
  组卷：0引用：2难度：0.5

  解析