2021年山东省菏泽市高考英语模拟试卷（4月份）

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

• 1．Education Outside the Classroom The Lawrenceville School provides students with experientially based programmes that educate them in responsible leadership，community engagement，and character development that enhance both academic and non-academic skills.
     Community Service
     The School's Community Service Programme encourages all Lawrentians to connect with the greater community，giving them the opportunity to engage with a variety of people outside the students' immediate world.
     Model UN
     Students will learn the inner-working of the United Nations by participating in this programme.During the first semester，students meet and discuss important world events.During the second semester，students prepare to participate in the Model UN Conferences.
     Investment Programme
     The programme gives students hands-on experience in the financial world.Students learn the basics of investing，watch trends in the market，and research stocks.Due to a generous donation，the group has ＄5，000 of real money to invest.Games will be invested back into the programme.
     Fine Arts & Literature
     Members meet weekly to enjoy a community of individuals who appreciate the fine arts and literature.In the spring，the programme publishes a collection of artwork-photography，drawings，paintings，essays，short stories and poetry.Additionally，the programme hosts book discussions and film screenings throughout the year.
  
  （1）What's the shared goal of all the programmes？

  
  A．To improve academic skills.
  B．To experience community life.
  C．To develop overall competence.
  D．To encourage social involvement.
  （2）Which programme should you choose to develop global leadership？

  
  A．Model UN.
  B．Community Service.
  C．Fine Arts Literature.
  D．Investment Programme.
  （3）What can be expected of the Investment programme？

  
  A．It makes a profit for those participants.
  B．It offers advanced marketing knowledge.
  C．It lays a foundation for financial management.
  D．It gives access to successful businessmen.
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Sam Mehr，a psychologist at Harvard started working on the project after he kept reading an overfamiliar line at the top of research papers that said， "music is universal." But every time he came across the statement，there wasn't a citation to back it up.
     To see if there was any proof to this claim，he and his fellow researchers created two databases：one with descriptions from the researchers of what happened when music from the 1960s was playing，and another of 118 audio recordings from 86 different societies.
     He found that there were three characteristics of behavior that consistently characterized music：formality，arousal （or how calming or exciting a song was），and religiosity-religious respect.
     People did a decent job guessing the themes，especially for dance songs and nursery rhymes，says Manvir Singh，a Harvard Ph.D.student in the department of human evolutionary biology.
     "Music appears in this huge diversity of behavioral，social，emotional context in human societies，" Singh says， "but it does so similarly across societies. "
     "The musical brain may have led to things that we take for granted in human nature，like compassion and empathy（同情与共情），because music uniquely can help us achieve those states，" Daniel Levitin，a cognitive scientist who's done similar research on music and evolution，explains，"Not to mention awe，appreciation，and gratitude."
     For Mehr and his team，the hunt for data is just the beginning.The lab is running more detailed quizzes to dig into how people respond to what they hear.They also hope to do studies on different populations like babies to see how they react to tunes like nursery rhymes from faraway societies.
     Singh says he also hopes to analyze lyrics and the way they shape people's feelings and actions，even if it's in a language they don't understand."Exploring the lyrics allows us to better understand how music can bring these emotional or behavioral responses，" says Singh，"but also，in a broader way，the world view of the people who are singing."
  
  （1）What's the main idea of the text？

  
  A．Music shapes people's world views.
  B．Music is universal across societies.
  C．Music behaviors are different in cultures.
  D．The scientists have different opinions on music.
  （2）Which music behavioral characteristic will appear when rock music is playing？

  
  A．Gratitude.
  B．Formality.
  C．Religiosity.
  D．Arousal.
  （3）What does Daniel Levitin think of music？

  
  A．It plays a role in emotion.
  B．It can't lead to appreciation.
  C．It can help us achieve goals.
  D．It is a talent we are born with.
  （4）What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs？

  
  A．More quizzes will be conducted.
  B．Different populations will be studied.
  C．The hunt for data has already been finished.
  D．Further data wait to be sought.
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．If you watch nature documentaries，it's easy to come away with the impression that grand tropical（热带的）forests have been largely undisturbed until modern times.However，in the last two decades，scientific data have shown that，actually，human societies have occupied and changed these environments over many million years.
     Patrick Roberts，from the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History，says some of the trees alive in tropical forests are up to a thousand years old.And they're sort of like time capsules，storing a record of past human activity in their tree rings，chemistry and DNA.So he wanted to see how different existing methods might come together to explore past tree populations，tree growth，tree ages by looking at the largest witnesses of the changes in human activity in the tropics-the trees themselves.
     For example，native peoples of the Amazon basin planted Brazil nuts for thousands of years.Roberts' colleague Victor Caetano-Andrade analyzed tree rings to determine the age and growth rates of Brazil nut trees near the city of Manaus.He found that many trees were established in the late 1600s，but there was a steep drop-off in new trees around the middle of the 18th century.
     As colonial（殖民的）communities came into Manaus and developed the city，they drove the natives out，often killing them.And what Victor found is that，actually，their growth slowed after this period without these traditional management strategies.
     Another example is how communities selected for genetic features in a variety of tropical trees，such as the cocoa tree-used，of course，to make chocolate.A more detailed full genome analysis of this plant has shown that humans may have even selected genes that reduced bitterness and improved its resistance to disease for their own economic benefit.
     Roberts says recognizing tropical trees as time capsules of cultural heritage gives us yet another reason to protect them. "Not just because of their ecological benefits，which are hugely significant，but also the information that they store about human history，about our past. "
  
  （1）What does the underlined phrase "time capsules" in Paragraph 2 refer to？

  
  A．Old trees.
  B．Human history.
  C．Human activities.
  D．Cultural heritage.
  （2）What caused the great decrease of nut trees in the mid-18th century？

  
  A．Natural disasters.
  B．Colonial invasions.
  C．Ecological benefits.
  D．Natural selection.
  （3）How is the text organized？

  
  A．By providing examples.
  B．By making a summary.
  C．By drawing comparisions.
  D．By producing a classification.
  （4）What do we know from the text？

  
  A．Tropical forests need traditional management.
  B．Tropical forests have witnessed human history.
  C．Tropical forests have been protected for economic benefits.
  D．Tropical forests have been undisturbed until modern times.
  组卷：8引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第三部分写作（共两节，满分15分） 第一节（满分15分）

• 8．你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以最难忘的一次传统节日为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
  1.你的经历；
  2.你的感悟。
  注意：
  1.写作词数应为80左右；
  2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
  An Unforgettable Traditional Festival_____________
  组卷：13引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

第二节（满分25分）

• 9．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
     Barditch High School decided to have an All-School Reunion，which offered former students a chance to reconnect with old friends，remember the fine times they had at school and celebrate with people they might not have seen for years.Over 450 people came to the event，and all the people there were full of excitement.There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park.Several former teachers were on hand to tell stories about the old days.Ms.Mabel Yates，the English teacher for over fifty years，was wheeled to the park.
      Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans（嘟囔声）when Ms.Yates was about to speak.Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from an old woman who had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers.
      Then Ms.Yates started to speak："I can't tell you how pleased I am to be here.I haven't seen many of you since your graduation，but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students.Although I haven't appeared in person，I have attended your college graduations，weddings and even the births of your children in my imagination "
      Ms.Yates paused and started crying a bit.Then she continued："It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could some of you would succeed to please me and others would succeed to annoy me.Regardless of our motives，I can see that you have all been successful in your chosen path."
      "There is no greater comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work.You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride me and I want you to know I love you all from the bottom of my heart"，she added.
  注意：
  1.续写词数应为150左右；
  2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
  Meanwhile，she took out her collections from the bag with trembling hands.___________________
  There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds._________________
  组卷：7引用：1难度：0.5

  解析