2021年北京市高考英语试卷

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（每题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A. B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 1．Recently，I took a trip home by train.I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，who kept（1）

  a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap.The woman's eye fell on the man's face，and she immediately looked down and（2）

  her scarf.
     As the night wore on，people began to close their eyes，but the seats were so uncomfortable that only a very heavy sleeper could manage to get any（3）

  .The woman looked over at the man.He was still staring at her.She looked back at him with fire in her eyes.I was beginning to get（4）

  ，too.
     The train moved on.The little boy was（5）

  awake on his mother's lap，but the woman dropped off to sleep.A moment later，he began to（6）

  the half-open window- one leg went over it.The man jumped up and（7）

  the child just before he fell out.
     The（8）

  woke up the woman.She seemed to be in（9）

  ，and then reality dawned（显现）. "Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window，" the man said as he gave the child back to her."So I have been watching the whole time." The woman was（10）

  ，and so was I.
  
  

  （1）	A．guiding	B．bothering	C．watching	D．monitoring
  （2）	A．adjusted	B．changed	C．packed	D．waved
  （3）	A．air	B．joy	C．space	D．rest
  （4）	A．nervous	B．embarrassed	C．angry	D．disappointed
  （5）	A．almost	B．still	C．hardly	D．even
  （6）	A．drag	B．climb	C．knock	D．push
  （7）	A．grabbed	B．rocked	C．touched	D．picked
  （8）	A．alarm	B．quarrel	C．risk	D．noise
  （9）	A．sorrow	B．relief	C．panic	D．pain
  （10）	A．astonished	B．confused	C．concerned	D．inspired
  组卷：266引用：1难度：0.3

  解析

第二节（每题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

• 2．A Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure，and they have diverse（1）

  （idea）.Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything（2）

  happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it（3）

  （connect） things，your brain turns them into a story，and you get a dream.
  B Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day.While riding his bike home（4）

  a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself.The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about（5）

  she lived.Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could（6）

  （safe） wait for the police to take her home.
  C There（7）

  （be）a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years，（8）

  （cause）largely by rising global temperatures，according to a new report from the United Nations.From 2000 to 2019，there were 7，348 major natural disasters around the world，（9）

  （result） in USD2，970 billion in economic loss.Much of this increase can be due to climate change.The findings show a critical need（10）

  （invest） in disaster prevention.
  组卷：285引用：2难度：0.6

  解析

第二部分阅读理解（共两节， 38分）第一节（每题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A. B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 3．If you are planning to start a career in the field of education，science，or culture，then an internship （实习） at UNESCO will be ideal for you.
     Who can apply？
     ●You have completed your full-time university studies.
     ●You are studying in a graduate program for a master's degree.
     ●Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution.
     What are the requirements？
     ●You must be at least 20 years old.
     ●You should have a good command （掌握） of either English or French.
     ●You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software.
     ●You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment.
     ●You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills.
     What do you need to prepare？
     ●Visa：You should obtain the necessary visas.
     ●Travel：You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship.
     ●Medical insurance：You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid （有效的） in the target country for the entire period of the internship.UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30，000 for the internship period.
     ●Medical certificate：You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work.
     ●Motivation letter：You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form.
     Your application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months.We do not respond to every candidate.If selected，you will be contacted by a manager.If you do not receive any update within six months，it means that your application has not been successful.
  
  （1）According to this passage，applicants are required to

  .
  A．hold a master's degree in science
  B．have international work experience
  C．be fluent in either English or French
  D．present a letter from a technical institution
  （2）What will UNESCO provide for the internship period？

  
  A．Limited medical insurance coverage.
  B．Training in communication skills.
  C．A medical certificate for work.
  D．Financial support for travel.
  （3）What should applicants do before filling out the application form？

  
  A．Contact UNESCO managers.
  B．Get access to the database.
  C．Keep a motivation letter at hand.
  D．Work in a team for six months.
  组卷：187引用：3难度：0.9

  解析

第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）

• 8．阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
      Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased.Thus，it may be worth bringing up issues with your friends，family members，or classmates rather than holding them back.
      There is a difference between arguing and fighting.Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns.You can engage in an argument respectfully without stirring up（激起）anger.Fighting，however，usually involves personal attacks，raising of voices，and storming out.
      Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your emotional health.In a study，2，000 people were asked to record their feelings and experiences for eight days in a row.When people had an argument that they considered resolved，they had half the reactivity （情绪反应）of those who avoided an argument.Reactivity is an increase in negative emotions or a decrease in positive emotions.In other words，resolving an argument cuts your negative feelings by half.One day later，people who had a resolved argument reported no increase of negative emotions compared with those who avoided an argument.This means that resolving an argument can feel like you have reached a state of resolution- -and you are less likely to be annoyed.
      Moreover，the older you are，the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument.This may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined priorities.You are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does not.
      It is easier to avoid a discussion，but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome.
  
  （1）According to this passage，what is arguing？

  
  （2）Why is it that "the older you are，the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument"？

  
  （3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
  ➢Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry.

  
  （4）In addition to improving emotional health，what do you think are some other benefits of resolving an argument？ （In about 40 words）
  组卷：84引用：1难度：0.4

  解析

第二节（20分）

• 9．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你和英国好友Jim原定本周末一起外出，你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
  1.表达歉意并说明原因；
  2.提出建议并给出理由。
  注意：1.词数100左右；
  2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
  Dear Jim，
  __________
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  组卷：172引用：3难度：0.4

  解析