2022年山东省泰安市高考英语三模试卷

第一部分阅读（共两节， 满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2. 5分， 满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

• 1．New York City：the Big Apple
       New York City is known by many nicknames（昵称）-such as "the City that Never Sleeps" or "Gotham"- but the most popular one is probably "the Big Apple".Although uses of the phrase are documented in the early 1900s，the term first became popular in the 1920s when John J.Fitz Gerald，a sports writer，started a column about horse racing called "Around the Big Apple." However，it wasn't until a tourism campaign in the 1970s that the nickname came to be related to New York City.
     Mumbai：the City of Dreams
     With an estimated population of 18.4 million people，Mumbai is one of the most populous cities in India.Mumbai is not only the financial center of India but also the home of Bollywood，one of the most popular Indian movie industries，making this city a particularly appealing place to move to.The opportunities here are endless，which is why Mumbai is often referred to as "the City of Dreams."
     Sydney：Harbour City
     Located on the southeastern coast of Australia，Sydney is a city that takes advantage of its location.Once a major port city，Sydney is sometimes called "Harbour City" in honor of this real estate.People enjoy hitting the beach to go surfing or snorkeling（浮潜），and one of the most recognizable buildings，the Sydney Opera House，is right on the harbor!
     Paris：the City of Love
     Whether it's because French is considered the "language of love" or because of the romantic walks along the Seine River，Paris has distinguished itself as the "City of Love." Paris has long attracted those with labors of love，such as writers and artists.Love can be found everywhere，from its cozy cafes to the Arts bridge，to which couples in the early 2000s attached locks to demonstrate their commitment to one another.
  
  （1）When did New York City begin to be called "the Big Apple"？

  
  A．In the 2000s.
  B．In the 1970s.
  C．In the 1920s.
  D．In the 1900s.
  （2）What is special about Mumbai？

  
  A．It offers countless chances.
  B．It favors those labors with dream.
  C．It gains popularity among the young.
  D．It makes your financial dreams come true.
  （3）Which city may be appealing to an ocean sports fan？

  
  A．New York City.
  B．Mumbai.
  C．Sydney.
  D．Paris.
  组卷：2引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．We've all heard the saying，"Life slows down the older you get，" but that's certainly not true for Joan MacDonald.
     The 75-year-old fitness influencer has accumulated an incredible following on social media，in part because she's chosen to actively reject the idea that aging robs you of your energy，focus and drive.In fact，MacDonald looks at movement as a "gift，" and whether you're hitting the gym five days a week，or just beginning your fitness journey - it's never too late to take advantage of what your body was meant to do.Get moving.
     "Just start with what you can，" MacDonald tells Guideposts，org when asked what her best piece of advice would be for seniors looking to get active again. "If you can only walk three blocks，start there.Over time aim to add another block."
     And just because you're starting small，it doesn't mean that a short bike ride or quick stretch session isn't having an impact.The recommended amount of cardio（有氧运动）each day for most adults is 30 minutes，although even short bursts of movement can have a huge impact on decreasing the risk of being overweight，heart problems and other conditions.
     The key is consistency.MacDonald knows that the road to healthy isn't easy and sometimes，the struggle can seem impossible to overcome.She had to battle against years of bad habits and recondition her body to push against her imagined limits.She tries to keep her social media channels focused on the positive aspects of working out and eating better，always encouraging and uplifting her followers，and never judging their difficulties - or her own.It's that attitude that she says is key to staying active.
     "Focus on what is going right and well，" MacDonald says. "For me，I started my whole transformation because I wanted to feel better.I wanted energy to live my life!Now having my health，strength，and endurance is what keeps me committed."
  
  （1）What may contribute to MacDonald，shaving numerous followers on social media？

  
  A．Her attitude.
  B．Her impact.
  C．Her strength.
  D．Her journey.
  （2）What does MacDonald suggest to the seniors？

  
  A．They take advantage of what they want.
  B．They start working out with what they can.
  C．They get moving by doing what they need.
  D．They perform short movement as they like.
  （3）What difficulties does MacDonald overcome in her fitness journey？

  
  A．Inspiring the followers and evaluating their troubles.
  B．Holding positive attitudes and keeping a balanced diet.
  C．Managing the social media channels and gaining views.
  D．Breaking bad habits and challenging herself to the limit.
  （4）What lesson can we learn from Joan MacDonald？

  
  A．Prevention is better than cure.
  B．A light heart lives long.
  C．The nature of life lies in sports.
  D．Content is better than riches.
  组卷：703引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

• 3．Refugees are on the move in forests across the western U.S.As climate conditions change，the ranges of tree species are shifting，especially toward cooler or wetter sites.A new Stanford analysis，published on November 15th in Nature Communications，provides some of the first confirmable evidence that wildfire is accelerating this process，likely by reducing competition from established species.
     "Complex，interdependent（互相依赖的）forces are shaping the future of our forests，" said study lead author Avery Hill，a graduate student in biology at Stanford's School of Humanities & Sciences.
     As the climate changes，animal and plant species are shifting their ranges toward conditions suitable for their growth and reproduction.Past research has shown that plant ranges are shifting to higher，cooler altitudes at an average rate of almost five feet per year.In many studies，these range shifts fall behind the rate of climate change，suggesting that some species may become stranded（困住）in unsuitable habitats.The factors that impact plant species' ability to keep up with climate change are key to maintaining healthy populations of the dominant trees in western forests，yet have remained largely mysterious.
     To better understand the distance，direction and rate at which tree ranges are shifting，Hill and study co-author Chris Field，the Perry L.McCarty Director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment，looked at how the phenomenon is affected by wildfire，a powerful and widespread driver of ecosystem structure and composition in the western United States.
     Using U.S.Forest Service data collected from over 74，000 plots across nine Western states，the researchers identified tree species that are shifting their ranges toward cooler，wetter sites.Then，they compared the rate of these range shifts between places that were burned by wildfire and places that were not.
     The findings demonstrate not only that fire can accelerate tree migration，but that some species may be slowing the range shifts of others through competition.This，in turn，raises questions about the impact of fire management on trees' ability to keep up with climate change，and points to the importance of low-intensity natural fires.
  
  （1）What does the underlined word "Refugees" refer to in the first paragraph？

  
  A．Wildfire.
  B．Climate.
  C．Animals.
  D．Trees.
  （2）What is unknown in the past researches？

  
  A．Why plant ranges shift more slowly than climate change.
  B．How plant species' ability influences the weather change.
  C．What causes plant species to be stuck in unfit habitats.
  D．How fast plant ranges shift on a regular basis.
  （3）Which possibly influences the rate of trees migration according to the analysis？

  
  A．Fire management and climate.
  B．Low intensity and natural fires.
  C．Wildfire and other tree species.
  D．Ecosystem structure and ranges.
  （4）What can be inferred about this new Stanford analysis？

  
  A．Different plant species are interdependent.
  B．A natural fire may help forests remain healthy.
  C．Range shifts won't be affected by fire management.
  D．Competition between species accelerates climate change.
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

第三部分写作（共两节， 满分15分）第一节（满分15分）

• 8．假定你是校英文报English Sky的编辑李华，想为该报"文化古迹之旅"专栏向全校学生征集稿件。请你写一封征稿启事，内容包括：
  1.稿件要求；
  2.投稿方式；
  3.截止日期。
  注意：写作词数应为80左右。
  组卷：7引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

• 9．A Christmas Goose Kept Them Warm This late in December，my younger brother，Buddy Earl，and I were on an important mission：Go to Uncle Tommie's place and get a goose.The hike over Little Mountain and back to get there would be worth it.Uncle Tommie raised the best geese around，and he'd offered to give us one for Christmas dinner.
      Dark clouds were gathering in the sky above and a cold wind came in from the north.The snow would be falling soon enough.Uncle Tommie met us at the door with a worried expression. "I'm not rushing you boys off， " he said，"but the way the wind is picking up，you better get the goose and head for home. "
      I didn't argue.Having scooped（迅速抱住）up a goose in the yard and held him tightly under my arm，I said a quick thank you and goodbye.Buddy and I had what we came for：the best Christmas dinner ever.A light snow started as we began climbing up Little Mountain.We didn't talk for a while.The snow came down harder and the wind seemed to blow straight through my coat.I stroked（轻抚）the goose's head and said，"wish we had feathers to keep us warm like you，or heavier coats."
      The goose hid his head closer to his feathered body.By the time we reached the top of the mountain，both Buddy Earl and I were in horror.We could barely see through the snow spinning（旋转）around us.Thunder crashed and flashes of lightning made the trees appear as giant monsters reaching out with fingers.
      "Doug，I'm freezing，" Buddy Earl said. "I think we should go back." But we were closer to home than to Uncle Tommie's house.We had to push on.I was so cold，my legs getting so stiff，I honestly wondered if we would make it.
      I grasped Uncle Tommie's goose closer to my chest.That bird was the only thing warm about me.
  注意：
  续写词数应为150左右；
  请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
  With an idea occurring to mg I stepped to my brother and asked him to open his coat.________
  Settled in front of the warm stove we explained how the goose had kept us from freezing.____________
  组卷：8引用：1难度：0.6

  解析