2021-2022学年山东省济宁市曲阜一中高三（下）开学英语试卷

第一部分 阅读 （共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

• 1．Here are some of the most interesting and notable Nobel prize winners of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge.
     Dorothy Hodgkin （Oxford and Cambridge，Chemistry，1964）
     The first British woman to win a Nobel prize，Dorothy Hodgkin is a graduate of both Oxford and Cambridge.At the time when she was studying in Oxford，she would not have been able to take a degree at Cambridge，which did not grant women full degrees until 1947.
     Along with the Nobel prize，her ground-breaking work was also recognised with the Order of Merit （功绩勋章），which she became only the second woman to receive，after Florence Nightingale.
     Amartya Sen （Oxford and Cambridge，Economics，1998）
     Born in Bengal in 1933，Amartya Sen was just nine years old when he witnessed the famine（饥荒） of 1943，which killed three million people.Nearly 20 years later，he wrote about poverty and famines.It was for his work on famine that he was awarded the Nobel prize.
     Malala Yousafzai （Oxford，Peace，2014）
     The youngest-ever Nobel prize winner，Malala Yousafzai won the Nobel Peace Prize before she was even old enough to go to university.She is currently an undergraduate at the University of Oxford，studying Philosophy，Politics and Economics at Lady Margaret Hall.
     At the age of 12，she became more and more involved in campaigning for girls' education.She was awarded the Nobel prize at the age of just 17 in recognition of her fight for children's education.
     Elizabeth H Blackburn （Cambridge，Medicine，2009）
     Australian-American Elizabeth Blackburn completed her PhD at the University of Cambridge.It was there that she met her future husband，and together they work at Yale，where her most significant work to date has been completed.Blackburn's research for which she won the Nobel prize was on telomerase （端粒酶）.Telomeres play a role in ageing and many diseases，most notably cancer.
  
  （1）What happened to Amartya Sen when he was nine？

  
  A．He wrote a work on poverty and famines.
  B．He was recognised with the Order of Merit.
  C．He was admitted into the University of Oxford.
  D．He witnessed a great famine resulting in many deaths.
  （2）Who is the youngest to win a Nobel prize？

  
  A．Dorothy Hodgkin.
  B．Amartya Sen.
  C．Malala Yousafzai.
  D．Elizabeth H Blackburn.
  （3）What do we know about Elizabeth H Blackburn from the text？

  
  A．She met her husband at the University of Yale.
  B．She was awarded a Nobel prize at the age of just 17.
  C．She was the first British woman to win a Nobel prize.
  D．She won a Nobel prize for her research on telomerase.
  组卷：2引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．The bride is 97.The groom is 98.The couple has been married for 77 years，and thanks to some very special people，they were finally treated to some very special wedding memories they missed out on all those years ago.
     The Kings are just like family to the staff of the St.Croix Hospice who serve as caretakers for the elderly pair in their Oelwein，Idaho home.With a big anniversary coming up，their caregivers wanted to do something special to celebrate the occasion - and knowing something of the couple's history，they came up with a perfect plan.
     When Frankie and Royce King took their vows（誓言）on September 16，1944，the world was a very different place.The simple church ceremony was small and short.Rather than a lace gown （蕾丝长裙），Frankie wore a suit.There was no photographer on hand to record the vows.
     While Frankie and Royce's wedding lacked splendor （壮观），their life together has more than made up for it.Two kids，four grandkids，and several great-grandkids later，the Kings' marriage is still going strong.
     On their anniversary，as one staff member played Big-Band era tunes on his saxophone and another took photos，Frankie，dressed in a lovely 1940s-era wedding gown，was led through a flower-covered archway to where Royce was waiting for her.By the time the big wedding cake was served，there wasn't a dry eye in the house.
     Photographer Hilary Michelson said， "I work for St.Croix Hospice full-time while doing photography in my spare time.I am passionate about both of my jobs and it made my heart so incredibly full to see them embracing each other."
     The Kings' daughter，Sue Bilodeau，is now putting together a photo album of cherished memories for them. "It was definitely one of the most special things ever，" she said. "When Mom mentioned she didn't have time to plan a big wedding and didn't have a photographer，the St.Croix staff members worked together to make sure they could get their special day."
  
  （1）What did the staff of the St.Croix Hospice decide to do for the Kings？

  
  A．Help them recall their wedding memories.
  B．Take good care of them as family members.
  C．Write something about the couple's history.
  D．Celebrate their wedding anniversary like a real wedding.
  （2）What was the Kings' wedding ceremony like？

  
  A．It seemed to be the perfect plan.
  B．It was simple and held in a small church.
  C．It was followed by the couple's long separation.
  D．It had only one photographer to record their vows.
  （3）What was everyone's response when the wedding cake was served？

  
  A．They were all in tears.
  B．They applauded loudly.
  C．They were busy taking pictures of the couple.
  D．They stopped doing everything and watched.
  （4）What did the Kings' daughter think of what the staff did？

  
  A．It made her feel ashamed of herself.
  B．They set a good example for people.
  C．It was meaningful and she was thankful.
  D．She was passionate about doing the same work.
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

• 3．Batman may not have any superpowers，but his inspiration certainly does.
     More than 1，400 bat species live around the world，except in Antarctica and a few remote islands.Over their 50 million years of evolution，bats have developed clever solutions to life's challenges，from a built-in sonar （声呐） system for finding food to fast，flexible wings that produce the fastest level-flight speed of any animal on Earth.
     "There is still a lot to learn，but it is clear that bats really do have superpowers，" says Rodrigo Medellín，an ecologist. "Bats are showing us how to live a better life，for instance，by serving as models for healthy living and long lives."
     As a general rule in biology，smaller animals have shorter lives than larger ones.But bats are rule breakers：they're the longest-lived mammals （哺乳动物） relative to their body size.Recently，scientists looked inside bats' cells for the secrets to their exceptionally long lives.They focused on telomeres （端粒），which are the protective structures found at the ends of chromosomes （染色体）.In most animals，telomeres tend to get shorter with age.But the telomeres of the longest-lived group of bats，Myotis，do not appear to shrink with age.Understanding why bats live so long may help humans live longer one day.
     In addition to living longer，bats remain healthy throughout their lives，with very low risk of developing cancer.Furthermore，bats can carry deadly viruses without getting sick.So further research into their unique immune （免疫的） systems may actually give insight into how people can live with viruses and not get sick.
     Beyond their own abilities，bats also support many other parts of their ecosystems.
     Three out of every four bat species eat insects.Many are pests that cause damage to important agricultural crops，such as cotton.Scientists estimate that insect-eating bats may save U.S.farmers about 13 billion per year.In addition，many bat species help improve plant health and diversity.
     "Bats are unsung heroes of biodiversity，" says Medellín. "It's about time we appreciated them."
  
  （1）What can be learned about bats from the text？

  
  A．They fly the fastest of all land animals.
  B．They are at low risk of falling sick with a virus.
  C．They live mainly on the islands of Antarctica.
  D．They are the longest-lived animals given their size.
  （2）What did scientists recently find？

  
  A．Animals' telomeres rarely shrink with age.
  B．Myotis's telomeres do not shorten as they age.
  C．Smaller animals usually live shorter lives than larger ones.
  D．More research into bat telomeres could help people live more healthily.
  （3）What is the author's intention in writing the last paragraph but one？

  
  A．To show what bats feed on.
  B．To call on people to protect bats.
  C．To explain how bats benefit the farmers.
  D．To highlight the importance of bats to the ecosystem.
  （4）What would be a suitable title for this text？

  
  A．Bats Offer Clues to Treating Diseases
  B．How Bats Deal with Life's Challenges
  C．Scientists Unlock the Secrets to Long Lives
  D．Why Bats Are Superheroes of the Animal World
  组卷：6引用：3难度：0.7

  解析

第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分15分）第一节 （满分15分）

• 8．假定你是李华。你校的留学生Rita对跳水有着浓厚的兴趣。现恰逢你校跳水队招收新成员，请你给她写封邮件邀请她加入，内容包括：
  1.校跳水队的活动；
  2.报名方式及截止日期。
  注意：
  1.词数80左右；
  2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

第二节 (满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。

• 9．One of the tires on my car had a nail in it.Of all times for this to happen - a flat tire.But when is a good time for a flat tire？Not when you are wearing a suit and you have been traveling for nearly five hours on a country road and，adding to this unpleasant picture，dusk is approaching.What's worse，my cellphone didn't have a signal there.No kidding!
      I sat for a few minutes complaining，but I had no choice but to begin emptying my trunk（后备箱）so that I could get at the spare tire and tools needed to get the job done.I carry a large plastic container filled with what I call "just-in-case stuff."
      Darkness began to settle in.It was becoming a bit difficult to see.The tire was on the passenger side，thank God，away from all the traffic，but it also made it difficult to benefit from the headlights of passing cars.
      Suddenly，a car pulled off the road behind me.In the blinding light I saw a male figure approaching me. "Hey，do you need any help？" "Well，it certainly isn't easy doing this with a white shirt and suit on，" I said.Then he stepped into the light.I literally was frightened.
      This young guy was dressed in black，with both his arms covered in tattoos（文身）.His hair was poorly cut.He had leather bracelets with spikes（长钉）on each wrist. "How about I give you a hand？" he said. "Well，I don't know...I think I can..." I said nervously. "Come on，it will only take me a few minutes." He took right over.While watching him I happened to look back at his car and noticed for the first time someone sitting in the passenger seat.That concerned me.
      I suddenly felt nervous.Thoughts of carjackings （劫车） and robberies flashed through my mind.I really just wanted to get this over and survive it.
      Paragraph 1：Then，without warning，it began to rain heavily.__________
      Paragraph 2： "My grandson insisted on stopping to help you when he saw you struggling with the tire，" the old woman said.__________
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析