2021-2022学年北京市房山区高二（下）期末英语试卷

第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 1．One day，12-year-old Gabriel went home and told his dad，Richard，that he felt a "bit down." Gabriel enjoyed（1）

  and fell in love with the craft around age eight when his mom handed him a toy made of wood by his grandfather.But his middle school classmates didn't consider it （2）

  .
     As a father，Richard was upset about his son's condjye.aiion.It was hard watching his kid （3）

  to fit in.Wanting to help，Richard reached out to people on the （4）

  .He created a page and presented a new wooden bowl made by his son，hoping netizens could （5）

  him to go on.To their surprise，the little boy gained 256，000 followers in three days and a great number of supporters even （6）

  his handmade bowls.Gabriel didn't want to be a businessman since he had school and homework to manage.After much thought，he decided to use his newfound fame as an opportunity to share （7）

  .
     "I decide that I can make other children's lives better by doing a little bit of something in my own life，" Gabriel said.He made a special bowl with the words "For children in Africa" to call on others to（8）

  for them on his web page and one lucky donor could get this special bowl.Soon，14，123 supporters （9）

  contributed £254，053 for African children.Finally，the bowl found its way to the home of donor Renuka Chapman.
     "Gabriel is talented and creative，but more than anything，he's got a big heart，" finally came the （10）

  from his classmates.
  
  

  （1）	A．handwriting	B．netsurfing	C．woodworking	D．fundraising
  （2）	A．noisy	B．cool	C．strange	D．fair
  （3）	A．refuse	B．defend	C．hate	D．struggle
  （4）	A．internet	B．show	C．course	D．street
  （5）	A．remind	B．encourage	C．guide	D．command
  （6）	A．copied	B．repaired	C．ordered	D．removed
  （7）	A．politeness	B．comfort	C．wealth	D．kindness
  （8）	A．record	B．draw	C．donate	D．change
  （9）	A．surprisingly	B．hesitantly	C．shyly	D．thankfully
  （10）	A．suggestion	B．praise	C．warning	D．request
  组卷：9引用：2难度：0.4

  解析

第二节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

• 2． A
  Ma Xu became a military doctor in 1947.She （1）

  （apply） to become a paratrooper in 1961，but her first application failed because there were no female paratroopers at that time.Ma was only 1.53 metres tall and weighed just 37.5 kg.But she learnt to parachute by （2）

  （train）hard in secret.Finally，she became China's first female paratrooper.She completed over 140 parachute jumps over a period of 20 years.She also set a national record as the oldest enlisted woman to do a parachute jump （3）

  the age of 51.In 2018，Ma donated her entire life savings to her home town.This donation was （4）

  （support） local education and public welfare.
                     B
  People often wonder about the reasons behind the urban migration of animals.Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are responsible for pushing the animals out of their （5）

  （nature） habitats.However true this is， （6）

  we also need to consider is that some of these so-called "urban animals" have never moved at all—it's we humans who have moved into their territory. （7）

  they go，animals find towns and cities in their way.With nowhere else to make their homes，they have no choice but to move in with us.
                                  C
  Today，the Palace Museum has one of the most significant collections of timepieces in the world， （8）

  mainly originated from Europe and China.With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height，each of these （9）

  （require） its own unique method of restoration.Given the complexity of the work and the lack of necessary materials，this means that each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year.But，through their painstaking （10）

  （effort），Wang Jin and his students do more than repair the clocks—they bring them back to life.
  组卷：7引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二部 阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 3．This summer has been a chance to appreciate nature and everything it offers up.It's a perfect opportunity to take a look at some of the world's unspoiled places that are beautiful because they have been left untouched and remember the importance of keeping their original appearance.
     Bhutan
     Officially known as the Kingdom of Bhutan，this little visited country is on the Himalayas' eastern edge and known for its dramatic landscapes that range from subtropics to towering cliffs with wild flowing rivers，crystal blue lakes，snow capped peaks and glaciers，and jungles.There are no traffic lights in this country which，so far，has managed to escape the claws of mass tourism and keep its culture.
     Rock Islands，Palau
     The 445 uninhabited limestone islands were formed from volcanic activity.The islands have a huge diversity of plants，birds，and wildlife，alongside more than a dozen shark species.The area contains the highest concentration of marine lakes anywhere in the world.The only sign of human habitation is from 3100 BC.
     Fiordland，New Zealand
     One of the most dramatically amazing regions of New Zealand，Fiordland can be seen on foot，by air，or by water.The Milford Track is one of the most famous walks，with the -33 m-long four-day journey taking travelers past the lakes，the tallest waterfall in the country，and glacier-carved valley views.Lake Monowai is a glassy，mirrorlike body of water surrounded by mountains and best explored by raft on a quiet day.
     Namib Desert，Namibia
     A coastal desert in the southern area of Africa，it is known for its burnt orange-golden sands.The Namib has been dry for at least 55 million years and possibly as many as 80 million.The name means "vast space"，and it stretches for more than 1200 miles along Angola，Namibia and South Africa.Incredibly，the temperatures colliding with cold currents create a fog belt that often envelops the desert.
  
  （1）If your friend is interested in sharks，which of the following can be recommended？

  
  A．Bhutan.
  B．Rock Islands，Palau.
  C．Fiordland，New Zealand.
  D．Namib Desert，Namibia.
  （2）What can we learn about the Namib Desert，Namibia？

  
  A．It is located at the eastern edge of Africa.
  B．It covers more than 1200 miles along Angola.
  C．It is famous for its burnt orange-golden sands.
  D．It was formed from volcanic activity 80 million years ago.
  （3）We can probably read the passage from

  .
  A．a travel guide
  B．a science website
  C．a biology magazine
  D．an environmental report
  组卷：3引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共1小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

• 8．Some of the world's most important scientists think the idea of people living on Mars will come true one day.Stephen Hawking believed humans must move into space to survive. "Once we spread out into space and establish independent colonies，our future should be safe." he said.Robert Zubrin，a rocket scientist，agrees and thinks starting with Mars makes the most sense.He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot—for example，about the ability of humans to live in a very different environment.
      However，scientists will need to terraform Mars for people to be able to live.Terraforming means changing the environment on a planet so that it is similar to Earth's.One of the main goals of terraforming Mars is to warm it up because the average temperature there is about -60℃.One idea for warming Mars is to build factories there that produce greenhouse gases.This could take many centuries.However，it should lead to rainfall and the growth of plants，resulting in more air that people can breathe.
      Another big concern for scientists is whether humans can move to Mars and still stay healthy in mind and body.As a test，six people lived in a Mars-like environment in Hawaii for a year before "returning to Earth" recently.It was a 1，200-square-foot room that was on the side of a volcano and used the sun for energy.Christiane Heinicke，one of the people who lived there，said that one of the biggest issues was feeling bored.So humans on Mars would always need to keep themselves busy with various activities.
      One particular organisation based in Europe is planning to send the first humans to Mars before 2030.The organisation believes that its project is giving people worldwide the chance to be part of the first human crew ever to live on Mars for good.However，many experts think the project's cost of USS6 billion is too low for it to be successful.The American space agency NASA believes that sending people to Mars would cost about USS100 billion，although this estimate is based on bringing them back to Earth，too.Regardless，it seems that humans living on Mars may well happen a lot sooner than most people believe.
  
  （1）What can we learn if we send humans to Mars according to Robert Zubrin？

  
  （2）What does "terraforming" mean？

  
  （3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
  According to the test，in order to stay healthy in mind and body on Mars，it is necessary for humans on Mars to stay away from various activities.

  
  （4）What should we do now before humans can live on Mars？ （In about 40 words）
  组卷：7引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第二节（20分）

• 9．假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你得知你所在城市的国际交流中心将举办"美丽中国"摄影大赛。请你用英文给你校交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括：1.摄影作品的内容；2.提交时间和方式；3.表示愿意提供帮助。
  注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
  Dear Jim，
  _________________________________________________
  
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  组卷：5引用：2难度：0.5

  解析