2021-2022学年甘肃省定西市临洮中学高二（下）第一次月考英语试卷
发布：2024/11/18 13:30:2
第一部分阅读理解（共两节、满分30分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
-
1．The advancement of human civilization is possible just because of enormous contribution made by scientists.They are one of the most influential people of today's world.Here is a list of the four great scientists we've ever seen who changed the world.
Louis Pastcur（1822-1895）
Pasteur contributed greatly towards the advancement of medical sciences，developing cures for rabies（狂犬病），anthrax and other infectious diseases.He also invented the process of pasteurization（加热杀菌法）to make milk safer to drink.He probably saved more lives than any other person.
Otto Hahn（1879—-1968）
Hahn was a German chemist who discovered nuclear fission（裂变） in 1939.He was a pioneering scientist in the field of radio-chemistry，and discovered radioactive elements in 1921.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1944.
Nikola Tesla（1856-1943）
Tesla worked on electromagnetism and AC current.He obtained around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions from electricity to radio transmission，but many inventions developed by Tesla were not put into patent protection.He played a key role in the development of modern electricity.
James Clerk Maxwell（1831-1879）
Maxwell made great progress in understanding electro-magnetism.His research in electricity and kinetics laid the foundation for quantum（量子）physics.Einstein said，"The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever."
（1）What contribution did Louis Pasteur make to society？
A．The development of medicine.
B．Radio-chemistry.
C．Modern electricity.
D．Quantum physics.
（2）Who was spoken highly of by Einstein？
A．Louis Pasteur.
B．James Clerk Maxwell.
C．Nikola Tesla.
D．Otto Hahn.
（3）What can we infer about the four people？
A．They are medical pioneers.
B．They are Nobel Prize winners.
C．They are great contributors to society.
D．They are founders of modern physics.组卷：3引用：1难度：0.5 -
2．In the United States，farmers who are trying to earn money find the situation difficult to deal with.The United States Department of Agriculture found that more than half of the small farms in California do not make money.But the United Nations reported at least one third of the food is wasted by not selling it out in time.
One California farm family is using social media to change the situation and reduce wasted food.Nick Papadopoulos is the manager of Bloomfield Farms in Sonoma County.He was sad and worried to watch his employees returning from some weekend farmers'markets with top quality unsold products.
Mr.Papadopoulos said he would find boxes of leafy greens and carrots left in a storehouse.The vegetables would go bad before the next market day.One night，he began thinking about the matter of wasted food when he didn't know how to deal with 32 cases of broccoli（西兰花）.Usually he would give it to chickens and use the rest to make fertilizer（肥料）.He thought he shouldn't let the farm products go to waste.
Then his daughter showed him a book she bought online.Suddenly it hit him that he could offer the food at a low price by advertising it on the farm's Facebook page on Sunday nights.The deals were open to anyone using the social media website.In the first week，some neighbors came to his home to buy the vegetables.Another week，the buyers were a group of friends.And now many people wait to buy his cheap products.
After his success，Mr.Papadopoulos helped to set up a website called cropmobster.jye.ai，which is a place where people deal with food production at low prices，feeding the hungry.Since March，the website has stopped more than 20，000 kilograms of food from going to waste.
（1）According to the United Nations.jye.ai food is wasted mainly because.
A．there is too much food
B．the food can't be sold out
C．the food isn't of good quality
D．the prices of the food are high
（2）Where did Nick's farm products use to be sold？
A．Beside his farms.
B．On a food website.
C．In the supermarkets.
D．On weekend markets.
（3）How did Nick deal with his unsold farm products in the past？
A．Gave them to the poor.
B．Sold them at lower prices.
C．Put them in a storehouse for the next chance.
D．Gave them to chickens and turned them into fertilizer.
（4）What does cropmobster.jye.ai mainly deal with？
A．Improving the farm products.
B．Improving the farmers' incomes.
C．Providing cheap food for the poor.
D．Helping farmers sell out farm products.组卷：3引用：3难度：0.5 -
3．There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier， "Paper or plastic？" Well，which type of bag would you choose？
While both types of bags have some influence on the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are better.They are made from a renewable source，are broken down easily，burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled.However，the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones.How can this be true？
Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production.And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times larger.Besides，the influence on forests is very serious.It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags，which happen to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly.In terms of recycling，the idea that paper bags are more environment-friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded.Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does to recycle paper.
Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones，plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two by governments.In Ireland，for example，a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags.People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag，and as a result，their use has dropped quickly.
There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags.However，we don't seem to be doing that at present.That may be because they fall apart quickly.If so，cloth bags are a better choice，but still，their production also has a bad influence on the environment.So what to do？How should we answer the question of "Paper or plastic？" It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question： "What can I do to help the environment？"
（1）The question at the end of Paragraph 1 is used to.
A．introduce the point for discussion
B．tell readers how to save money
C．express the author's doubts
D．show the kindness of the cashier
（2）Compared with plastic bags，paper bags.
A．take more time to break down
B．require less energy to recycle
C．need more water to produce
D．have less influence on forests
（3）What does the underlined word "discarded" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A．Share.
B．Put forward.
C．Discuss.
D．Give up.
（4）Which question does the author probably hope the cashier ask？
A．Paper or cloth？
B．A new bag or your own one？
C．A small bag or big one？
D．Paper or plastic？组卷：4引用：2难度：0.5
第三部分写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
-
8．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Our school lies at the foot of a mountain with a small river passes by.It used to be a quiet，clean or beautiful place.It is a pity that things have changed since a chemical factory built near our school one year ago.Every one day the factory produces many waste water and some other solid waste things.The terribly pollution is harmful by our health.What's worse，the great noise from the factory had a bad effect on us activities.As a result，our school is no longer that it used to be.Our teachers and students are painful beyond expression.组卷：0引用：2难度：0.5
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
-
9．某英文杂志举行主题为"Future household robots"的征文大赛。请你展开合理想象，用英语写一篇短文介绍你理想中的十年之后的家用机器人。内容主要包括：
1.外形特征；
2.主要功能。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。组卷：1引用：1难度：0.5
