人教版（2019）必修3《Unit 2 Morals and Virtues》2021年同步练习卷（单元加餐练习）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

• 1．The largest-ever study of the link between city walkability and high blood pressure has been considered as evidence of the "invisible value of urban design" in improving long-term health outcomes say researchers.The study of around 430，000 people aged between 38 and 73 and living in 22 UK cities found significant connections between the increased walkability of a neighborhood and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents （居民）.
     The results remained the same even after lifestyles and physical environment were changed，though the protective effects were particularly pronounced among participants aged between 50 and 60，women，and those living in heavily populated areas and poor neighborhoods.
     The paper was published in the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.With high blood pressure a major risk factor for chronic （慢性的） and particularly heart diseases，researchers at the University of Hong Kong and Oxford University said the findings showed the need to take notice of the health-influencing factor in urban design.
     "We are spending billions of pounds in preventing and curing heart diseases—if we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable，then probably，we will have significant savings in future healthcare expenses."
     Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity，promoting the lifestyles of long time sitting down and not moving，and were harmful to social communication，and as such related to poorer mental and physical health.
     Because walkability was "based on the potential （潜在的） design of the city"，said Dr Chinmoy Sarkar，cities could be adapted or designed to encourage it. "Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in longterm gains as they are lasting and common."
  
  （1）What is probably the result if we consider "invisible value of urban design"？

  
  A．The ageing population will be reduced.
  B．Our cities will be more walkable and activity-friendly.
  C．More money will be invested in preventing and curing heart diseases.
  D．The pace of urbanization will be slowed down.
  （2）What can be inferred from the study？

  
  A．Young people are more likely to benefit from increased walkability.
  B．Walkable cities will cure a person of his or her high blood pressure.
  C．Chronic diseases are becoming common for people's inattention to their health.
  D．Walkable cities can help reduce blood pressure and the risk of heart diseases.
  （3）What isn't the effects of poorly-designed neighborhoods？

  
  A．Worse economy.
  B．Unhealthy lifestyle.
  C．Fewer social communication.
  D．Poorer health.
  （4）What does Dr Chinmoy Sarkar mean？

  
  A．Cities should encourage the residents to engage in social communication.
  B．The design of our neighborhoods should meet people's needs for shopping.
  C．Money invested in creating healthy cities is money saved in future healthcare expenses.
  D．Chronic diseases will be common because of pollution and the environment change.
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