2022-2023学年河南省安阳市林州一中高二（上）开学英语试卷

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）

• 1．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
     We all have a favorite independent pet shop，where we always pick up the tastiest treats and best dog toys.And now，it's time to praise these small shops!This year，Beco，the UK's leading pet brand，is launching the Independent Pet
     Shop Awards to champion the brilliant people who work tirelessly managing the independent pet shops we love.
     Beco will ask people to nominate （提名）their favorite independent pet shop.People who want to participate just need to register on www.becopets.jye.ai and answer a question.To motivate people to take part in the activity，Beco is giving away a dog basket worth £ 150 to five fortunate participants- The five lucky people will be selected at random.They will be contacted via email- They have 48 hours from the initial email to claim their prizes .
     Nominations are now open on www.becopets.jye.ai.Judges will visit the nominees before selecting one of them as the UK's Favorite Independent Pet Shop，The final winner will be announced on November 20 .
     •This activity is open to anyone who is a citizen of the United Kingdom.
     •Participants must be 18 or over.
     •Entry to the activity is restricted to one entry per person please.
     • Closing date for entries is 11：59 pm on November 7.
  （1）Why is the Independent Pet Shop Awards started？

  
  A．To appeal for more attention to pets•
  B．To inform people of a famous pet brand，
  C．To promote the business of some pet shops-
  D．To honor some hardworking pet shop owners.
  （2）What will be awarded to the five lucky participants？

  
  A．150 pounds.
  B．A pet basket.
  C．A pet dog.
  D．Free pet care.
  （3）Which of the following will result in disqualification ？

  
  A．Being a UK citizen.
  B．Being 19 years old.
  C．Submitting two entries.
  D．Participating online.
  组卷：5引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Leaving India for the United Kingdom to continue my research career，I felt more out of place than before.At work，I shied away from discussions，let alone putting forward my opinions- I was afraid my colleagues would see me through and realize how weak I really felt.Some mornings，just stepping out of my room and going into the lab seemed a challenging task.
     That began to change after a quiet breakdown in the lab urged me to contact the university's mental health services- I was advised to attend a concert by a famous singer from my motherland .There I was in the packed concert hall，surrounded by strangers — all of us clapping and singing along to the familiar song.It was a complete victory- I've changed a lot since then.
     Soon，I planned a day trip to a picturesque city a few hours away。As I took pictures of the beautiful surroundings，and enjoyed a lemonade there，I realized nobody was really paying any attention to me.My confidence and self-recognition grew as I enjoyed more local day trips- My growing self-confidence carried over to work，where I started to speak up and put forward my opinions.I began to ask questions during departmental discussions.
     So，when an important conference relevant to our research came around，I felt comfortable registering to attend on my own even if my colleagues weren't interested in it.Not only did I meet the speakers，but I also introduced myself to other attendees and industry representatives，chatting about their products- The experience inspired me to evaluate my own professional interests.
     Since then ，I have had confidence to move to other countries，enthusiastic about new opportunities.Traveling alone did not give me any magical power，but taught me that I have the competence to grow and succeed，just like everyone around me，and it helped me get rid of the self-doubt that used to hold me back.
  （1）What did the concert mean to the author？

  
  A．A comfort to his homesickness•
  B．A chance to meet a famous singer.
  C．A turning point in his life-
  D．An occasion to relax himself-
  （2）What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3 ？

  
  A．He benefited much from the day trips.
  B．He developed an interest in photography.
  C．He became an independent researcher.
  D．He was often ignored by other people.
  （3）Which can best describe the authors performance at the conference？

  
  A．Inspiring.
  B．Active.
  C．Skillful.
  D．Exciting.
  （4）What is the best title for the text？

  
  A．Further Study in Foreign Countries
  B．A Combination of Travel and Research
  C．A Bonus of My Research
  D．The Road to Becoming Confident
  组卷：8引用：4难度：0.6

  解析

• 3．No one can say whether human-like robots will have a sweet dream，but they will almost certainly need periods of rest that offer benefits like what sleep provides for living brains，according to new research from Los Alamos National Laboratory （LANL）.
     "We study spiking neural networks （尖峰神经网） ，which are systems that learn much as living brains do，" said Yijing Watkins，a computer scientist from LANL. "We trained a neuromorphic processor in a way how humans and other biological systems learn from their environment during childhood development ."Watkins and her research team found that the network simulations （模拟）became unstable after continuous periods of unattended learning.When they exposed the networks to states that are analogous to what living brains experience during sleep，stability was recovered." It was as though we were giving the neural networks a good night's rest，" said Watkins.
     The discovery came about as the research team worked to develop neural networks that are as close as how humans and other biological systems learn to see.The group initially struggled with stabilizing simulated neural networks undergoing unattended dictionary training，which involves classifying objects without providing examples to compare them to.The researchers exposed the networks to an artificial simulation of sleep as nearly a final effort to stabilize them.They experimented with various types of noise.The best results came when they used waves of so-called Gaussian noise- These waves can make sure that the neural networks keep stable.
     The group's next goal is to apply their algorithm （算法）to Intel's Loihi，a product which uses spiking neural networks to work.They hope allowing Loihi to sleep from time to time will enable it to stably process information from a camera in real time.If it can confirm the need for sleep in artificial brains，we can probably expect the same to be true of human-like robots and other intelligent machines that may come about in the future.
  （1）What did Watkins and her research team find？

  
  A．Neural networks are far from stable.
  B．Artificial brains may need sleep as well.
  C．Neural networks are very sensitive to noise.
  D．Human-like robots need equal rest to humans.
  （2）What does the underlined word "analogous" in paragraph 2 mean？

  
  A．Contrary.
  B．Beneficial.
  C．Similar.
  D．Related.
  （3）Why will the researchers apply the algorithm to Loihi ？

  
  A．To better update Loihi.
  B．To make sure Loihi get enough sleeper.
  C．To enable Loihi to process information faster.
  D．To further confirm their discovery.
  （4）In which section of a website can we probably find the text？

  
  A．Electronics & Physics.
  B．Mind & Brain.
  C．Business & Industry.
  D．Computers & Science.
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 4．China has been planting seaweed for about 1，700 years .Coastal populations harvested a variety of algae （藻类）first as a source of food and animal feed，but later for industrial and nutritional purposes as the practice became more widespread- Today，China remains the world's biggest producer of farmed seaweed，but many other countries start to realize the potential of planting seaweed.
     Certain red seaweed varieties contain up to 25% protein，but others are also rich in iron and other minerals.Seaweed planting becomes hot aquaculture （水产养殖业）which is now shooting up.In Alaska，where the largest seaweed farm in North America is located，farmers produced over 112，000 pounds of seaweed in 2019 一 a 200% increase from Alaska's first commercial harvest in 2017.Occupying just a few acres，seaweed planting is economical，relatively simple and comes with a lot of environmental benefits.
     Research shows that seaweed could play a key role beyond serving as a source of nutrients and food，but also in the fight against some of the worst problems：climate change and ocean pollution .Seaweed doesn't need to be fed or fertilized （施肥），as the crop gets everything it needs from sunlight and the natural nutrients already found in the ocean water.There are，of course，some disadvantages to seaweed farming.For example，overproducing seaweed could influence the amount of natural light available to other ocean species.In addition，technology for transporting，drying，and turning seaweed into biofuel and food can take up resources and give off CO₂.It's also possible that these crops could remove too many nutrients from the wild ecosystem.
     However，as research continues to search into sustainable （可持续的）seaweed farming methods，we may discover that advantages win over disadvantages.
     The economic value of dealing with nutrient pollution，for example，may reduce costs for wastewater treatment；the same goes for turning seaweed into biofuel，fertilizer，or fuel depending on water quality.The balance will come down to a combination of policy and scientific research .
  （1）Why does the author mention seaweed farming in Alaska？

  
  A．To show seaweed planting is growing fast.
  B．To announce seaweed planting is eco-friendly.
  C．To state seaweed is easy to plant across the world.
  D．To prove seaweed planting has large economic benefits .
  （2）Which is the disadvantage of seaweed planting？

  
  A．Removing other ocean species.
  B．Consuming too many nutrients.
  C．Taking up too much space.
  D．Causing potential ocean pollution.
  （3）How is paragraph 3 mainly developed？

  
  A．By making a comparison.
  B．By providing evidence.
  C．By using classifications.
  D．By analyzing the background.
  （4）What can we infer about seaweed farming in the last paragraph？

  
  A．There are arguments over it.
  B．Turning seaweed into fuel is necessary.
  C．It needs joint efforts to improve.
  D．Dealing with nutrient pollution costs a lot.
  组卷：3引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）

• 5．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
     Biking offers a number of 11 life-changing11 benefits to its riders.It fights overweight and heart disease as well as building muscles .Switching up to cycling for the morning commute （通勤）reduces noise and air pollutants and cuts down on greenhouse gases.（1）

  Not to mention that cycling is cheaper than driving.
     （2）

  A bike company conducted a survey and found out that the number one thing preventing people from biking to work was M awareness of road safety".Sharing the road with cars can be dangerous.Omar Bakhshi，an app developer，experienced this first-hand when a car hit him，leaving him with an injury that affected his taste and smell for life. （3）

  That was why he set out to make the roads safer to share.
     He started a company，Tether，to improve safety conditions for urban cyclists.Tether has developed a small smart sensor that goes on a bike's handlebars.As the biker rides through the city，the device projects a " safety zone" of lights onto the sidewalk.If cars get too close to the bikers personal space，the lights will start flashing. （4）

  .What makes Bakhshi's device different to similar devices on the market is its smart features.Tether's tool collects data from close encounters （相遇）with cars.The data is then organized into a central database， （5）

  .When biking and driving can both share road safety awareness，biking will become a beautiful sight in the city.
  A.City biking is far from safe.
  B.Bikers can go quickly and safely.
  C.He realized that what happened to him wasn't unusual.
  D.In other words，it^ a clean and green way to get to work.
  E.With all these advantages，why aren't there many bikers on city roads？
  F.This can remind car drivers to pay attention to the rules of sharing the road.
  G.Thus，bikers can access the information to determine which streets are safer for them.
  组卷：2引用：2难度：0.4

  解析

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

• 6．One evening in 2010，Lennon and Carla gathered at the dinner table in Carles in Los Angeles.Lennon had just（1）

  there.She met Carla on her first day at work in the strange city.The two young women became close quickly after（2）

  they had something in common：Both were（3）

  with life after losing a close family member.Carla also（4）

  a few others who were grieving（悲伤）that evening.It was a night of deep conversation，（5）

  understanding each other and healing （治愈）hearts • Each guest left believing they weren't（6）

  .
     Three years later，Lennon and Carla（7）

  .The Dinner Party to meet and understand people who have（8）

  deep loss .Since 2013，their nonprofit organization has helped bring together over 13，000 people to（9）

  their grief， '' There's so much（10）

  when normal people hear the expression of grief，because they don't know what to say，" Lennon says. "Then people suffering may think whatever they're feeling is（11）

  " She also learned there's almost no（12）

  of death and grief among young adults，because they haven't experienced such loss — making life especially（13）

  for those who have，Lennon found people are more likely to let down their（14）

  and tell their grief over a meal.That means the（15）

  of the healing.The Dinner Party allows people to check out（16）

  tables online and reserve one.They can also list themes they9 re hoping to（17）

  before meeting the tablets host.All hosts have received（18）

  from experts in the organization to make meaningful and powerful conversations. "One（19）

  we've seen in this is that people could admit they weren't okay freely，"
     Lennon says， " I hope the condition（20）

  . "
  

  （1）	A．adapted	B．drove	C．moved	D．visited
  （2）	A．discovering	B．believing	C．expecting	D．predicting
  （3）	A．dealing	B．competing	C．struggling	D．communicating
  （4）	A．informed	B．helped	C．convinced	D．invited
  （5）	A．thoroughly	B．clearly	C．simply	D．immediately
  （6）	A．hopeless	B．common	C．alone	D．afraid
  （7）	A．held	B．designed	C．joined	D．founded
  （8）	A．gone through	B．come across	C．given away	D．taken on
  （9）	A．hide	B．share	C．overcome	D．abandon
  （10）	A．sympathy	B．silence	C．disagreement	D．weakness
  （11）	A．strange	B．funny	C．wrong	D．strong
  （12）	A．awareness	B．choice	C．concern	D．discussion
  （13）	A．pitiful	B．tough	C．unfair	D．specific
  （14）	A．doubt	B．defense	C．sadness	D．curiosity
  （15）	A．start	B．influence	C．success	D．completion
  （16）	A．temporary	B．alternative	C．useful	D．available
  （17）	A．challenge	B．explore	C．research	D．stress
  （18）	A．support	B．reward	C．training	D．welcome
  （19）	A．trend	B．problem	C．method	D．chance
  （20）	A．matters	B．functions	C．changes	D．continues
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二节句子填空与翻译 Part I句子填空（每小题1分，满分21分）

• 7．Being a doctor can be a tiring and

  （stress） job， but all hard work will pay off．
  组卷：20引用：2难度：0.8

  解析

• 8．The famous restaurant

  （以……为特色） Sichuan dishes and attracts a large number of hot spicy food addicts．
  组卷：7引用：2难度：0.4

  解析

• 9．The market has shown an

  （每年的） growth rate of 20 per cent for several years．
  组卷：15引用：4难度：0.5

  解析

• 10．If you need more

  （detail）information，please contact me.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.9

  解析

• 11．I got in touch with him

  （immediate）after I received the letter．
  组卷：28引用：8难度：0.7

  解析

• 12．This report offered the most specific and accurate

  （describe） of the problems.
  组卷：9引用：5难度：0.7

  解析

第四部分写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节 短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）

• 36．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
  增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
  删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
  修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出 修改后的词。
  注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
  2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起） 不计分。
      My brother has been fond at building things since he was a kid.After earning a degree in computer science，he has developed software for different businesses.With his childhood dream in mind，he eventual quit the job and began to build 3 D printers.Having never taken some classes in electrical engineering or robotics，he found everything he was supposed know on the Internet.He often starts with some parts finding from online stores.The rest is trial and error.If it doesn't work，he analyzes why or starts over.That's not so different from what a scientist does an experiment.I admire him for his applying original idea to real-world problems.I hope he will succeed.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

• 37．你校英语报正在开展"小行动，大温暖"的主题征文活动。请你以One meaningful deed为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
  1.具体事例；
  2.你的感受。
  注意：1.词数100左右；
  2.题目已为你与好。
  One meaningful deed___________________
  组卷：3引用：1难度：0.5

  解析