2020-2021学年北京市海淀区首都师大附中高二（下）期末英语试卷

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分）第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

• 1．The measure of a man's real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.
  ---Thomas Macaulay About thirty years ago，I was studying in a public school in New York.One day，Mrs Nanette O'Neill gave a maths test to our class.When the papers were（1）

  she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
     There is nothing really new about（2）

  in exams.Perhaps that was why Mrs O'Neill didn't even say a word about it.She only asked the twelve boys to（3）

  after class.I was one of the twelve.
     Mrs O'Neill asked no questions，and she didn't scold us either.Instead，she wrote on the blackboard the（4）

  words by Thomas Macaulay.She then ordered us to copy these words into our exercise-books one hundred times.
     I don't know about the other eleven boys.Speaking for myself I can say it was the most important single（5）

  of my life.Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay's words，they（6）

  seem to me the best yardstick （准绳），because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.
  （7）

  of us are asked to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle.But all of us are called（8）

  daily to make a great many personal decisions.Should the wallet，found in the street，be put into a pocket or（9）

  to the policeman？Should the（10）

  change received at the store be forgotten or returnez？Nobody will know except you.But you have to live with yourself，and it is always better to live with someone you respect.
  
  

  （1）	A．completed	B．examined	C．marked	D．answered
  （2）	A．lying	B．cheating	C．discussing	D．guessing
  （3）	A．leave	B．apologize	C．come	D．remain
  （4）	A．above	B．common	C．following	D．unusual
  （5）	A．lesson	B．incident	C．chance	D．memory
  （6）	A．still	B．even	C．always	D．almost
  （7）	A．All	B．Few	C．Some	D．None
  （8）	A．up	B．out	C．for	D．upon
  （9）	A．turned up	B．turned on	C．turned back	D．turned over
  （10）	A．extra	B．small	C．some	D．necessary
  组卷：20引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题：每题 1.5 分，共 15 分）

• 2．阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
      I still remember our physics teacher（1）

  gave us a challenge that involved making a paper plane of any shape.The only objective was to get it to fly as far as possible.Standing at the starting line，one of my classmates took a piece of flat paper，crumpled （把……捏成一团） it up，and（2）

  （throw） it down the way.He beat the class with ease.Some of the students got mad and said that he cheated，but the physics teacher（3）

  （clear） explained it could be any shape and that a paper ball was indeed a shape.
  组卷：16引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
      Alibaba isn't the only company（1）

  introduces hightech hotels.Smart LYZ，a Shenzhenbased company which focused on developing AI technology and smart hotels，opened the first ever fully automated （自动化的） hotel in Chengdu，（2）

  people consider to be one of the best places to live.Travelers can book a room through Smart LYZ's WeChat website，check in through a facial recognition machine，unlock the door with a（3）

  （give） passcode or through its mobile app and finally，check out by pressing a button on the app.The AI Smart Room will undoubtedly be extremely attractive to guests.
  组卷：14引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32 分）第一节 阅读表达（共 4 小题：第 40、41 小题各 2 分，第 42 小题 3 分，第 43小题 5 分，共 12 分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

• 10．A new study reveals more answers about why Earth's second largest ocean is expanding four centimetres.
     That's around the height of a golf tee.The width of a cracker.It's also the amount that the Atlantic Ocean is expanding every year.
     Now when you're talking about an ocean that is 4，830 kilometres（3，000 miles）wide at its largest point，4 centimetres （1.6 inches）is not much.But it is happening.So naturally，scientists want to know why.
     Thanks to a new study，researchers think that they have the answer why.You could even call it a 'hot take'.As in hot magma，or molten rock，deep under the ocean floor!
     The study suggests that the expansion is being caused by magma（岩浆）bubbling up from under an underwater 'mountain range' called the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.Let's start with what that ridge is.
     Basically，the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the seam between some very large tectonic plates.The ridge is also known as a plate boundary.As we've discussed before here，tectonic plates are essentially the platforms that our continents rest on.They are large pieces of the crust that are always moving in slow motion.
      This movement is what causes earthquakes，for example.And the areas where the plates meet are where we tend to find things like mountains and volcanos，as well.
     In this case，as the magma bubbles up from the mantle（地幔） below the crust，it is pushing the edges of both plates out of the way.As a result，the ocean is slowly getting wider.
     This is a new finding.Before the study，scientists thought that the plates were being pulled apart—they were being dragged away from the ridge by forces occurring on either side of the ocean，not from in the middle.
     Scientists still believe that this 'pulling' motion is happening.It is just that now，they feel that the bubbling magma is an important force as well.There is push and pull.
     The scientists behind this study have been quick to point out that their research is only looking at a small cross-section of the ridge.It's like a slice across it.What is happening right along this slice，may not be happening the same way up and down the entire ridge.But it is still really useful information—and how they got it is pretty cool.
     Back in 2016，a research ship traveled to a very quiet spot directly over the ridge.Over five weeks，the crew dropped 39 seismometers on to the ocean floor.These devices allow them to 'listen' to the activity of the tectonic plates and what was beneath jye.ai.It's like what a stethoscope does with your heartbeat，but for the planet.A year later，they retrieved the devices and looked at the data.
     Then it was back to the lab to try and piece together what they learned.In the end，they have added to our understanding of how and why the Earth's surface constantly moves.Even if it is only by about a little bit each year!
  
  （1）What is causing the expansion of Earth's second largest ocean？

  
  （2）What does the underlined phrase "This movement" refer to？

  
  （3）Please decide which part of the following statement is false，then underline it and explain why.
  Scientists find that it is the magma below the crust that is pushing the edges of both plates out of the way to cause the ocean to slowly get wider，but not the forces occurring on either side of the ocean pulling the plates apart.

  
  （4）What do you think of the process of how the finding was got？ （about 40 words）
  组卷：12引用：2难度：0.7

  解析

第二节（20 分）

• 11．假如你是红星中学的李华，你的英国朋友 Jim 在给你的邮件中询问北京海淀近几年的变化，请根据以下要点进行回复。
  1.变化是什么；
  2.对你的影响；
  3.期待朋友来北京海淀。
  Dear Jim，
  _________.
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  组卷：9引用：2难度：0.5

  解析