北师大版选修3《Unit 9 Human Biology》2022年同步练习卷

一、填空

• 1．From his grades，I i

  that he was a good student.
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.7

  解析

• 2．Marx did for the development of society what Darwin did for the development of the b

  .
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.9

  解析

• 3．This simply means that the user is not a passive consumer，but an active p

  .
  组卷：0引用：2难度：0.7

  解析

• 4．Surrounded by people's misunderstanding，he was at a loss what to say to j

  himself.
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.7

  解析

二、七选五

• 11．How to Activate Brain Cells Scientists used to think that your brain stopped growing new cells once you reached adulthood.Happily，current research shows that it isn't true!As you get older，you can continue to grow new brain cells.
     Get regular aerobic（有氧的） exercise.
     Research shows that regular aerobic exercise over a long period of time can better improve brain cells' growth than other forms of exercise.Add aerobic activities such as swimming，power walking，or jogging，to your regular routine.（1）

  
     Do stress-relieving activities.
  Activities that reduce stress and give you a sense of well-being can encourage the growth of new brain cells. （2）

  You can do some yoga，read your favorite book，or listen to relaxing music.
      （3）

  
     Antioxidant-rich（富含抗氧化物的） foods can prevent damage to your current brain cells and promote the growth of new，healthy cells.Omega-3 fatty acids may also help improve your brain's health.Add plenty of brain-boosting foods to your diet，such as vegetable oil，nuts，green tea，blueberries and fatty fish.
     Maintain an active social life.
     （4）

  It's also good for your brain.Socializing helps keep your brain cells active，preventing some of the loss of brain function.If you can't socialize in person，reach your friends over the phone or on social media.
     Get plenty of good-quality sleep.
     If you're an adult，try to get 7 - 9 hours of sleep each night.If you're a teen，aim for 8-10 hours.Your brain heals itself of the day's stresses while you sleep. （5）

  You can improve your sleep by going to bed and waking up at the same time every day.
  
  A.Spending time with friends isn't just enjoyable.
  B.Eat foods rich in antioxidants and omega 3 fatty acids.
  C.Any kind of head injury may put you at risk of brain damage.
  D.Try to do things that bring you pleasure and help you relax every day.
  E.For example，you might aim for 30 minutes of jogging a day，5 days a week.
  F.Fortunately，there are treatments that can help you restore your brain's health.
  G.It also processes information you picked up during the day，helping you to learn and preserve new memories.
  组卷：11引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

三、阅读理解

• 12．You carry 1.3 kg fatty material in your head that controls everything you will ever do.This fantastic control center lets you think，learn，create，and feel emotions.It also controls everything your body does.What is this amazing machine？It's your brain — a structure so amazing that the famous scientist James Watson called it "the most complex thing we have yet discovered in our universe".
     Imagine your cat jumped onto the kitchen counter，and was about to step onto a hot stove.You would have only few seconds to act.In situations like this，your brain reads the signals from your eyes and quickly calculates when，where and at what speed you need to run to save her.Then it tells your muscles to move.No computer can match your brain's great ability to download，process，and react to the flood of information from your eyes，ears and other sensory organs.
     If a bee lands on your foot，sensory neurons （感觉神经元） in your skin send this information to your brain at a speed of more than 240 kilometers per hour.Your brain then uses motor neurons （运动神经元） to send a message back to your foot：Shake the bee off quickly!Motor neurons can send this information at more than 320 kilometers per hour!
     Your brain has about 100 billion tiny cells：neurons — it would take you more than 3 ，000 years if you tried to count them all.Whenever you dream，laugh，think，see or move，tiny chemical and electrical signals are racing between these neurons along billions of tiny neuron pathways.Believe it or not，the activity in your brain never stops.Countless messages fly around inside it every second，like a super-fast game of table tennis.Your neurons create and send more messages than all the phones in the entire world.And although a single neuron produces only a tiny amount of electricity，all your neurons together can produce enough electricity to power a light bulb.
  
  （1）What does "the most complex thing" mean？

  
  A．A supercomputer.
  B．Human brains.
  C．The universe.
  D．Our emotions.
  （2）What can we know from the passage？

  
  A．Brains can download more information than any computer.
  B．The cat plays an important role in testing human brain power.
  C．Motor neurons in human brains serve to send messages.
  D．Your brains can use neurons to send messages back faster than bees'.
  （3）The author mentions "to power a light bulb" in Para.4 to show

  .
  A．neurons can create lots of messages
  B．how many active tiny cells the brain have
  C．how much electricity the brain can produce
  D．there is countless information in the brain
  （4）What is the main idea of the passage？

  
  A．The powerful brain is a wonderful machine.
  B．Brains work well in controlling body movements.
  C．The brain is the most complex structure in the universe.
  D．Human brains are made up of numerous neurons.
  组卷：10引用：2难度：0.5

  解析