2021-2022学年广东省佛山一中高二（下）第一次段考英语试卷（3月份）

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20分）第一节 听力理解 （共2小题，每小题6分，满分12分）材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有三个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 1．听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
  （1）Question （录音）：
  A.At 9：00 am.
  B.At 10：00 am.
  C.At 10：30 am.
  （2）Question （录音）：
  A.By car.
  B.On foot.
  C.By bus.
  （3）Question （录音）：
  A.To a lake.
  B.To a park.
  C.To a restaurant.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.0

  解析

• 2．听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
  （1）Question（录音）：
  A.Business Strategy.
  B.Human Resources.
  C.Research & Development.
  （2）Question （录音）：
  A.Engineering.
  B.Management.
  C.Psychology.
  （3）Question （录音）：
  A.The introduction of a new worker.
  B.The introduction of a company.
  C.The introduction of a research.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.0

  解析

第二节 回答问题（共1小题， 每小题8分，满分8分）

• 3．听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
  （1）Question ： （录音）
  Answer：______.
  （2）Question ： （录音）
  Answer：They'll learn ______ skills.For example，I'll learn how to make a ______.There' ll be some ______there to show us how to live in the wild.I think it's going to be ______.
  （3）Question ： （录音）
  Answer：She is going to an ______ youth camp.She is going to give a ______ about student life in China.
  （4）Question ： （录音）
  Answer：______
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.0

  解析

第二部分 阅读（共三节，满分20分）第二节 阅读理解（共3小题；每小题6分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 4．Gold Fame Cirusby Claire Vaye Wakins（＄5.9）
     With the flight of its characters through a landscape destroyed by climate crisis，this novel does not indicate hopefulness for the future.Within it is a series of situations and consequences made more severe in a future California short of water.Across the desert，we follow Walkins' characters through a place so transformed that it needs its own field guide of animals newly adapted for strange survival.
     The Ministry or the Futureby Kim Stanley Robinson （＄18.1）
     The Ministry of the Future is a masterpiece of the imagination，using fictional eyewitness accounts to tell the story of how climate will affect us all.Its setting is not a deserted world，but a future that is almost upon us This extraordinary novel from the visionary science fiction writer will change the way yon think about the climate crisis.
     Breathing Fireby Jaim Lowe （＄27）
     The front lines of the fighting against climate change are peopled wit those society has forgotten.Up to 30 percent of the firefighters battling wildfires in California each year are prisoners performing backbreaking labor while earning a 40th of what a civilian makes.This book follows six female prisoner firefighters and their worried families，looking into the human cost of environmental crisis.
     Something Under the Sunby Alexandra Kleeman（＄28）
     In Alexandra Kleeman's new novel，a novelist new to Los Angeles teams up with a former child actor to investigate a conspiracy（阴谋）.But this is L.A.jye.ai wildfires burn all year long and the rich store water while the poor suffer from the consequence of climate crisis.Human weakness is pushing the city toward a disaster.
  
  （1）Which category does Breathing Fire fall into？

  
  A．Science fiction.
  B．Play.
  C．Non-fiction.
  D．Biography.
  （2）What is Alexandra Kleeman？

  
  A．A novelist.
  B．An actor.
  C．A firefighter.
  D．A minister.
  （3）What do the listed books have in common？

  
  A．They are on sale.
  B．They are set in California.
  C．They are intended for teenagers.
  D．They show concern over climate.
  组卷：4引用：3难度：0.6

  解析

• 5．Culture and language are intertwined and shape each other.It is impossible to separate the two.Language is not a matter of grammatical rules.Each time we choose words，form sentences and send a message，we also make cultural choices.We all agree that language helps in communicating with people from different backgrounds.However，we may be less aware that cultural implications are necessary for understanding the language being used.If we choose language without being aware of the cultural implications，we may at best not communicate well and at worst send the wrong message.
     All languages have social questions and information questions.A social question，even though it comes in question form，does not ask for information.It is simply a helping hand to move the conversation forward.In American English the question "How are you？" is a social question.In many other countries，such as Germany，Russia，and Poland， "How are you？" is an information question.The speaker actually wants to get an answer to the question.
     Language reflects the environment in which we live.In the Amazon area snow is not part of the environment；therefore，people in that area do not have a word for "snow".In areas where it snows occasionally，people have a word for "snow"，but it may be just one word without any differentiation.Most Americans，for example，use words such as snow，powder snow，sleet，slush，blizzard，and ice.That's the extent of most people's snow vocabulary.People who live in an environment where it snows most months of the year may have much more differentiated words for "snow".
     In addition to the environment，language reflects cultural values.Edwards Hall，for example，points out that the Navajo do not have a word for "late".Time，he tells us，does not play a role in Navajo life.There is a time to do something，a natural time rather than the artificial clock time that industrial countries use.So the Navajo do not have the differentiated vocabulary connected with time and clocks that Americans have.
  
  （1）Which of the following can replace the underlined word "intertwined" in Paragraph 1？

  
  A．Different from each other.
  B．Difficult to be understood.
  C．Easily influenced by people.
  D．Closely connected to each other.
  （2）Why does the author mention the "How are you？" question？

  
  A．To state the similarity of worldwide social communication.
  B．To give examples of the influence of education on language.
  C．To stress the importance of small talk in social communication.
  D．To explain different meanings of the same words in different cultures.
  （3）What does Paragraph 3 suggest？

  
  A．Different areas have different climates.
  B．Word differentiation varies in different cultures.
  C．Living conditions may have an influence on the language.
  D．Different words may have the same meaning in different areas.
  组卷：2引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

• 6．An employee whose personality traits closely match the traits that are ideal for his or her job is likely to earn more than an employee whose traits are less congruent （一致的），according to new research.
     Findings from previous research have shown that some personality traits are generally beneficial when it comes to a work environment.Being highly conscientious （勤勉认真的），lead researcher Jaap J.A.Denissen notes，is connected with being hard-working and well-organized，qualities that are typically prized in employees.But Denissen questioned the idea that there is an ideal personality type.The researchers thought that the match，or mismatch，between a person's traits and job requirements，might be important when it comes to important outcomes like income.
     The researchers developed a new way of directly comparing the fit between a given employee and a given job，using the well-established Big Five personality traits to quantify （量化） the traits that a job requires.The researchers examined personality，yearly income，and jobs of 8，458 persons living in Germany.
     The results showed that fit really does matter，at least when it comes to extraversion，agreeableness，and openness to experiences.For these three traits，greater congruence between an employee's own personality and a job's requirements was connected with higher income.Importantly，the data also showed that employees who were more agreeable，more conscientious，or more open to experiences than their jobs required actually earned less than people who had congruent levels of those traits.
     The researchers note that additional studies will be required to understand how job experiences，job satisfaction，and job performance might influence the association between the individual job personality fit and income.The results of the present study do suggest that achieving the right fit requires a special approach to knowing both personal traits and job-related traits.Paying attention to the approach could have important implications for both employees and employers.
  
  （1）What does the previous research show？

  
  A．Conscientious people earn much.
  B．Certain personality traits are advantageous in jobs.
  C．Job requirements are decisive in choosing an employee.
  D．People's income can be predicted simply by the work environment.
  （2）What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？

  
  A．How the new research was done.
  B．A study on Big Five personality traits.
  C．Denissen's opinions on previous research.
  D．Why certain personalities are needed for a job.
  （3）What is the result of the new research？

  
  A．Employees with a strong personality earn more than others.
  B．Having too little of a given trait will cause less job satisfaction.
  C．A perfect individual job personality fit contributes to higher income.
  D．Conscientious employees earn more than those who are open to experiences.
  （4）What do researchers say about their new research？

  
  A．It still needs further studies.
  B．It has been applied to job interviews.
  C．It will help people find the right job easily.
  D．It has proved the previous study totally wrong.
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二节 语句排序（共1小题，每小题10分，满分10分）

• 7．将下列五个句子（A、B、C、D和E）按题号顺序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
  A．But one day at that time，a bombing happened in the village，killing Thanh's mother and three of his four children on the spot.
  B．He and the son，now Ho Van Lang，had since lived their lonely life，without contact with anyone.
  C．After carrying out an investigation into the men's identity，they found that Thanh once lived a normal life with his family at a local village 40 years ago.
  D．It is suspected that due to the shock，Thanh took his remaining son，2 years old at the time，and ran away into the jungle.
  E.Their daily foods were fruits and manioc they found in the forest.
  

  →

  →

  →

  →
  组卷：1引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第三节 选句填空 （共1小题，每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。请将答案按题号涂到相应的答卷题号上。

• 8．Cecilia Payne was born in England to highly successful parents.Her father was a fellow of Oxford University，and her mother was a talented artist.She showed a great talent for music.（1）

  However，it was science that stole her heart.Her mother had told her of a bee orchid，a plant that resembled （类似） a bumblebee，and upon discovering this Payne's mind was set on pursuing a career in science.
     As a young adult she won herself a scholarship to study at the University of Cambridge's Newnham College，where she began studying botany，chemistry and physics.（2）

  After one lecture given by Arthur Eddington on the general theory of relativity，Payne lost sleep thinking about its meaning.Her destiny （命运） had been set，and for the rest of her undergraduate years she majored in physics and became absorbed in astronomy，her true love.
     （3）

  She went there to work with Harlow Shapley and Princeton's Henry Norris Russell，two of the most notable researchers in her field at the time.In just two years，Payne completed her PhD essay on the chemical composition of the stars.Her results proved groundbreaking：the Sun was made up mainly of hydrogen and helium.But Russell disagreed with her findings as they conflicted with the accepted theories of the day.（4）

  He reached the same conclusion as Payne by different means.
     Payne remained at Harvard for the rest of her academic career and grew into a huge success story.In the mid-1950s she made history again by becoming the first woman in her department to be promoted to a professorship.She died of lung cancer in 1979.（5）

  
  
  A.It was here that she met the superstars of physics.
  B.She would later go on to become a skilled pianist.
  C.It changed the way astronomers understood the universe.
  D.Payne gave up her studies under the pressure from Russel.
  E.However，Russell stated her findings were correct four years later.
  F.After completing her studies in the UK，Payne set sail for Harvard.
  G.Now，she is remembered as one of astronomy's most inspirational women.
  组卷：6引用：2难度：0.4

  解析

第五部分 书面表达（共两节， 满分 40分）第一节 句子翻译（共3小题，每小题5分，满分15分）将下列句子翻译成合适的英文。

• 24．我会买下这本书，不管它有多贵。（汉译英）
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.9

  解析

第二节 应用文写作（满分25分）

• 25．假设你是学生李华。你的英国好友Jim从你的学校官网上看到了你们"课间跑步活动"的图片，向你询问有关情况。请你给他回复邮件，介绍相关信息，内容包括：
  1.跑步活动的基本情况（时间、次数……）；2.你们课间跑步活动的感受。
  注意：1.词数110词左右；
  2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
  提示词：课间跑步活动 running exercise between classes
  
  Dear Jim，
  ______
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.4

  解析