2022-2023学年江苏省常州一中高二（上）调研英语试卷

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

• 1．On September 15，eel Salvador，Guatemala，and Honduras celebrate their own independence days.On October 16，Mexico follows suit.Each country above has its own nature，but what combined them is local traditions and Spanish culture.Here are four destinations worthy of planning a trip.
     Tazumal，eel Salvador
     El Salvador is home to some rather impressive May an ruins that show off this once great civilization.Tazumal is one such place，which is believed to be more than 7，000 years old and was left abandoned sometime around the 13th century.However，large areas were extensively restored in the ' as and ' 50 s，giving visitors a taste of the past.
     Antigua，Guatemala
     The 16th-century city of Antigua is surrounded by volcanoes，churches，and Baroque buildings，combining European style with pre - Hispanic traditions，making its way to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sjye.aies.It's possible to visit most of its attractions on foot，including the arcs de Santa Catalina，the Central Park，and the Palacio de Ayuntamiento.
     Comayagua，Honduras
     Honduras may be well-known for its beaches，and one worthy of your travels is the city that was once the capital：Comayagua.Founded in the early 1500 s，a visit here is like traveling back in time.Several museums showcase the cultural richness and the must - see clock in the central square，which is the oldest clock in the continent，dating back to the 12th century.
     Veracruz，Mexico
     Veracruz is a natural beauty with beaches that stretch for as far as the eye can see，deep blue waves and powerful waterfalls.When visiting Veracruz，stop by the Zocalo in Downtown Veracruz，where locals gather to listen to "son jarocho" a regional folk music style that started right here.Couples also gather to dance in the square.But not just any dance，rather they take part in Danzon，a traditional couples dance icon i c（标志性的） to this particular state.
  
  （1）Which place has the potential to be a UNESCO World Heritage Site？

  
  A．Tazumal.
  B．Antigua.
  C．Comayagua.
  D．Veracruz.
  （2）What can visitors do in Veracruz？

  
  A．Learn to sing folk music.
  B．Watch unique danced.
  C．Go in for water sports.
  D．Walk on man-made beaches.
  （3）What do the listed places have in common？

  
  A．They share the same traditional culture.
  B．They have beautiful long beaches.
  C．They are home to famous ancient ruins.
  D．They celebrate independence days the same day.
  组卷：5引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．My fifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed traveler's checks，and is asleep at the moment.His blue duffel （粗呢） bag lies on the floor where he dropped it.Obviously，he postponed as much sleep as he could.When he walked in and we hugged，his electrical system suddenly switched off，and he headed directly for the bed，where I imagine he beat his old record of sixteen hours.
     It was his first trip overseas，so weeks before it，I pressed travel books on him，and a tape cassette of useful French phrases；drew up a list of people to visit；advised him on clothing and other things.At the luggage store where we went to buy him a suitcase，he headed for the duffels，saying that suitcases were more for old people During the trip，he called home three times：from London，Paris，and a village named Ullapool.Near Ullapool，he climbed a mountain in a rainstorm that almost blew him off.In the village，a man spoke to him in Gaclic（盖尔语） and，too polite to interrupt，my son listened to him for ten or fifteen minutes，trying to nod in the right places.The Frenchman he learned from the cassette didn't hold water in Paris.The French he talked to shrugged（耸肩）and walked on.
     When my son called，I sat down at the kitchen table，leaned forward and hung on every word.His voice came through clearly，though two of the calls were like ship-to-shore communication.When I interrupted him with a"Great!" or a "Really？"，I knocked a little hole in his communication.So I just sat and listened.I have never listened to a telephone so attentively and with so much pleasure.It was wonderful to hear news from him that was so new to me.In my book，he was the first man to land on the moon，and I knew that I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help.
     The unused checks are certainly evidence of that.Youth travels light.No suitcase，not much luggage and a nim expense account，and yet he went to the scene，and came back safely.I sit here amazed.The night when your child returns with dust on his shoes from a country you've never seen is a night you would gladly tun into a week.
  
  （1）When travelling，the author's son

  .
  A．forgot to call his mother
  B．was lacking in money
  C．had insufficient sleep
  D．failed to take good pictures
  （2）According to the passage，which of the following could best describe the author's son？

  
  A．Polite and careless.
  B．Selfless and adventurous.
  C．Creative and stubborn.
  D．Considerate and independent.
  （3）What does the underlined word "that" in the last paragraph refer to？

  
  A．The son no longer needs much help from his mother.
  B．It is important to listen to your child's story.
  C．The author is proud of her son's achievement.
  D．It's easy to interrupt the chat with your child.
  （4）What can we infer from the passage？

  
  A．The world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page.
  B．It's a win-win choice to give a child space to experience and explore.
  C．Communication between parents and children is extremely important.
  D．Good parents should protect their children from potential dangers.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Medical errors（ME）are among the most important patient safety challenges facing hospitals and healthcare systems nowadays.Since the Institute of Medicine（IOM）report in 1999 "To Err is Human，" an increasing number of studies have shown how common and deleterious ME are，especially in hospital medicine.With this，healthcare leaders invested time and resources toward identifying and reducing ME.
     A medical error is defined as "an incidence when there is an omission or a mistake in planning or execution that leads or could lead to unintended result." While the majority of ME do not lead to an apparent adverse effect，a significant number of patients either suffer a permanent injury or death from ME every year in the United States and around the world as a result of those errors.
     Medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the United States after heart disease and cancer.It is estimated that more than 200，000 patients die annually in the United States from ME.Furthermore，in addition to the harm inflicted on patients，medical errors are associated with an increased healthcare cost.In a 2008 report，it was estimated that medical errors cost the healthcare system in the United States more than 17 billion dollars annually.
     The first step in combating ME and improving patient safety is to study the different types of medical errors to better understand why medical errors happen.The causes，types，and rates of ME can vary from one institution to the other and change over time，especially as we implement changes in our healthcare delivery.Therefore，it is important to capture，track and analyze all medical errors as possible at the institutional level.
     As most of the nonmedication medical errors are hard to capture electronically and manual chart review is both unmanageable and time consuming，self-reporting is still the most reliable approach to capturing ME.Unfortunately，underreporting of ME is a commonly reported challenge even when healthcare institutions mandated reporting.While there is no agreement on what defines "underreporting of ME，" it commonly refers to the lack of reports on significant ME events.
  
  （1）What does the underlined word "deleterious" probably mean in the first paragraph？

  
  A．Important.
  B．Useful.
  C．Harmful.
  D．Adequate.
  （2）What is the worst effect of ME？

  
  A．Annual patients deaths.
  B．Heart disease and cancer.
  C．Increasing healthcare cost.
  D．Destruction of healthcare system.
  （3）What is the first step to fight against ME to improve the patient security？

  
  A．To do research on the different types of ME.
  B．To figure out the reason why ME happens.
  C．To identify different institutions over time.
  D．To analyze the changes in the health delivery.
  （4）Why is self-reporting still the most reliable way to capture ME？

  
  A．Because less typical medication ME events recorded.
  B．Because the patients are willing to offer the report of ME.
  C．Because healthcare institution gives the authority to the patients.
  D．Because there is difficulty in electronic capture as well as manual inefficiency.
  组卷：6引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

• 4．While it may be commonplace，snubbing（冷落）one's friends can have serious impacts on relationships，and there are a variety of factors that may drive individuals to ignore their friends in favor of an electronic screen，according to a new University of Georgia study.
     The study reveals positive associations between depression and social anxiety and increasing snubbing：depressed people are likely to snub their friends more frequently，and socially anxious people，who prefer online social interactions，might also exhibit more snubbing behavior.These people are really sensitive to their messages.With each buzz or sound，they consciously or unconsciously look at their phones.The device's various applications are key drivers contributing to this dynamic.
     The finding also shows that agreeable individuals have a lower instance of snubbing in the presence of their friends.People who have agreeableness as a personality feature tend to show cooperative，polite and friendly behaviors in their interpersonal relationships and social settings.Though agreeable people may prioritize strong friendships，an exploratory study reveals they are also more likely to turn to phones in the presence of three or more people.
     That dynamic may influence the spread of snubbing in the context of a work environment. "It's ironic（讽刺意味的）that while so many people believe that snubbing behavior is rude，they still do it." Sun said. "A majority of people snub others，and in a group，it may seem OK，because it's just me，the speaker doesn't notice I'm using the phone.The number of people in a group can be one reason."
     Alternately，disabling or turning over a phone can indicate a show of respect for a situation and focus on a person.That，too，is a signal - I am listening to what you are saying and I am focusing on you.
  
  （1）What can cause snubbing behavior？

  
  A．Social requirements.
  B．Unhealthy mental condition.
  C．Frequent social interactions.
  D．Limited communication devices.
  （2）What can be inferred about the agreeable people？

  
  A．They are insensitive to phone messages.
  B．They are more likely to snub their friends.
  C．They attach importance to firm friendships.
  D．They get accustomed to groups with more people.
  （3）Why do some people continue snubbing behavior even if they know it's rude？

  
  A．The majority are using phones.
  B．They don't like the environment.
  C．The speaker doesn't care about it.
  D．They think they will go unnoticed.
  （4）What can be a suitable title for the text？

  
  A．How snubbing behaviors can be avoided？
  B．Why people are addicted to phone messages？
  C．Why people snub their friends with their phones？
  D．How phones influence people's social interactions？
  组卷：13引用：4难度：0.5

  解析

第二节（共1小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

• 5．Healthy See，Healthy Do Visit the grocery store on an empty stomach，and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy．But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases．The location of store displays （摆放） also influences our shopping choices．（1）

  
     The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food．Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks．（2）

  A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves，for example．In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods．
     （3）

  It has been working with more than 1，000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods． "We know that the stores are full of signals meant to encourage consumption，" says Tamar Adjoian，a research scientist at the department， "Making healthy foods more convenient or appealing can lead to increased sales of those products．"
     Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city's crowded urban checkout areas，so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study．（4）

  Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks．
      Of the more than 2，100 shoppers they observed，just 4 percent bought anything from the checkout area．Among those who did，however，customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines．（5）

  The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior．
     The potential influence may seem small，but Adjoian believes that changing more checkout lines would open customers' eyes to nutritious，lower-calorie foods．Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City．
  
  A．These foods give people more energy．
  B．They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often．
  C．And it may make or break some healthy eating habits．
  D．The supermarkets began to offer nutritious，lower-calorie foods．
  E．These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health．
  F．They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter．
  G．And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior．
  组卷：50引用：8难度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分15分）第一节 完形填空（共1小题；每小题15分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

• 6．I played a racquetball （壁球） game against my cousin Ed last week.It was one of the most（1）

  and tiring games I've ever had.When Ed first phoned and suggested we play，I laughed quietly，figuring on an（2）

  victory.After all，Ed's idea of（3）

  has always been nothing more（4）

  than lifting a fork to his mouth.As long as I can remember，Ed's been the least physically fit member in the family，and（5）

  proud of himself.His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers.Although the family often（6）

  about that，Ed refused to buy a（7）

  T-shirt or to lose weight.So when Ed（8）

  for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly（9）

  .I was so surprised that I was speechless.My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.（10）

  ，at the point in our game when I'd have predicted （预计） the score to be about 9 to1 in my favor，it was（11）

  7 to 9-and Ed was（12）

  .The sudden realization was painful.We continued to play like two mad men.When the score was 16 up，I was having serious（13）

  about staying alive until 21 years old，let alone（14）

  that many points.When the game finally ended，both of us were lying flat on our backs，too tired to move.In a way，I think we both won：I the game，but cousin Ed my（15）

  .
  
  

  （1）	A．encouraging	B．hopeless	C．surprising	D．regular
  （2）	A．unforgettable	B．unexpected	C．easy	D．early
  （3）	A．exercise	B．preparation	C．joy	D．fitness
  （4）	A．time-saving	B．comfortable	C．suitable	D．effort-making
  （5）	A．strangely	B．personally	C．reasonably	D．eagerly
  （6）	A．cared	B．forgot	C．quarreled	D．joked
  （7）	A．clean	B．larger	C．straight	D．darker
  （8）	A．set out	B．got ready	C．arrived	D．returned
  （9）	A．notice	B．admire	C．believe	D．measure
  （10）	A．After all	B．As a result	C．Above all	D．At last
  （11）	A．mistakenly	B．then	C．instead	D．naturally
  （12）	A．leading	B．coming	C．waiting	D．counting
  （13）	A．thoughts	B．doubts	C．situations	D．problems
  （14）	A．scoring	B．completing	C．receiving	D．keeping
  （15）	A．friendship	B．respect	C．support	D．favor
  组卷：6引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第四部分写作（共两节，满分 35分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）

• 18．假如你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆（gallery）要举办中国画展。请写一封信申
  请做志愿者，内容包括：
  1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.期盼答复。
  注意：
  1.写作词数应为80左右；
  2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
  Dear Sir/Madam，
                                                                                                                                                         
  Li Hua
  组卷：2引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二节读后续写（满分20分）

• 19．A little boy selling magazines for school walked up to a house that the door was always closed.It was a very old and shabby house.The owner，an old man，was hardly seen to come out.Every time he did come out，he was always alone，no one else with him.When his neighbors or passers-by greeted him，he would not say hello.All that he did was nothing but simply just glare at them
      The boy knocked on the door and waited，sweating from fear of the old man.The boy's parents told him to stay away from the house，and a lot of the other neighborhood children were told the same thing from their parents.
      The door was still closed.Dusk found the boy lingering （流连，逗留） on and hesitating what to do.As he was ready to walk away，the door slowly opened. *What do you want？" the old man said，impatience flashing in his eyes.The little boy was very afraid but he had a quota （份额） to meet for school with selling the magazines.So got up the courage and said， "Uh，sir，I am selling these magazines and uh，was wondering if you would like to buy one from me."
      The old man just stared at the boy without a word.The boy could see inside the old man's house and saw that he had dog figurines（小雕像） on the fireplace mantle（壁炉地幔）. "Do you collect dogs？" The little boy asked. "Yes，I have many collections in my house.They are my family here and they are all I have." The boy then felt sorry for the man，as it seemed that he was a very lonely soul.
      "Well，I do have a magazine here for collectors.It is perfect for you.I also have one about dogs since you like dogs so much." The old man was ready to close the door on the boy and said， "No，boy.I don't need any magazines of any kind，now goodbye."
      The little boy was sad that he was not going to make his quota with the sale.He was also sad for the old man being so alone in the house that he owned.The boy went home and then had an idea.He had a little dog figurine that he got some years ago from an aunt.The figurine did not mean nearly as much to him since he ha real live dog and a large family.
  注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
  2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
  Paragraph 1：
  The boy headed back down to the old man's house._______________
    Paragraph 2：
  From that day on something changed inside the old man.______________________
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析