2022-2023学年广东省广州八十九中高一（上）期末英语试卷

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A， B， C， D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 1．It's cold and dark outside，and your bed is so warm and comfortable.Going for a run seems like such a bad idea.But before you hide your running shoes，it might be worth giving that crazy idea a go.
     According to The Huffington Post，an outdoor run in winter，as opposed to one on a treadmill （跑步机），burns more calories because the body is working hard to regulate （调节） its core temperature.Furthermore，research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperatures—and quicker runs burn more calories.Similarly，cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body，making that vital muscle even stronger.
     Outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day.The heat and humidity in the summer can drag you down and tire you faster，but cold weather is refreshing.It adjusts you to your surroundings，making you feel alive.
     Of course，the threat of smog in some built-up areas is a further hurdle to winter exercise.Heart attacks，stroke，lung cancer and asthma are all dangers of running in smog.The combination of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems.If you do choose to run outside on smoggy days，take a path in a park or residential area to avoid car exhaust （尾气），and go early in the morning，before rush hour.But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.
  
  （1）How does cold weather benefit runners，compared with warm weather？

  
  A．They can run more slowly.
  B．They can take in more calories.
  C．Their hearts can function harder.
  D．Their body temperature can get lower.
  （2）How does summer affect runners？

  
  A．It builds up their energy quickly.
  B．It makes runners tired easily.
  C．It reduces runners' stress.
  D．It causes heart attack.
  （3）What are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days？

  
  A．Stop driving cars.
  B．Do more exercise.
  C．Avoid outdoor exercisese.
  D．Run late in the morning.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

• 2．Jacky Hunt-Broers ma，who lost one leg to cancer，is seeking to break a world record by completing 102 marathon runs.She set her goal in mid-January.And since then，she has been running the distance of a marathon.Most of the time，she averages just over five hours to complete a run.If she keeps successfully completing marathon runs every day，she will reach her goal by April 28.
     Until five years ago，she was not very active.But then she looked into running and decided to give it a try.The sport ended up being quite costly.Currently，she runs on an artificial leg made of a strong，light material known as carbon fiber.The material，which is designed specially for running，costs about ﹩ 10，000.
     But Jacky says her investment has been well worth it.The biggest struggle used to be that she had to admit part of her body was gone. "Running really changed my life，" she said. "It helped me accept myself as an amputee （截肢者）.It gave me a sense of freedom.I fell in love with the process of pushing my body further just to see what I could do."
     However，she has faced both physical and mental difficulties during her record-breaking attempt.On one recent day，Jacky said she felt like giving up at 24 kilometers and began to cry. "I had a total emotional breakdown.I was like， 'I just can't do this.'" she said.
     Jacky is documenting her progress online and has also gained a large social media following.As she nears the end of her goal，Jacky is hoping to inspire a single thought in others.She tells people， "You're stronger than you think and you're able to do so much more."
  
  （1）What is Jacky's goal according to paragraph 1？

  
  A．To defeat a deadly disease.
  B．To break her 5-hour record.
  C．To be a professional runner.
  D．To finish 102 marathon runs.
  （2）What may Jacky think of her running？

  
  A．Difficult but rewarding.
  B．Interesting but challenging.
  C．Enjoyable and eye-opening.
  D．Stressful and time-consuming.
  （3）Which of the following best describes Jacky's experience？

  
  A．Health is the key to happiness.
  B．Actions speak louder than words.
  C．Chance favours the prepared mind.
  D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Knowing how to read，write and talk in one language is enough for many people.They prefer to focus their energy on other things that improve their lives.Scientists，however，continue to confirm that bilingualism，the ability to speak two languages fluently，has more benefits than many realize.
     First，it's good for a child's brain.Learning a second language improves their academic achievements.Many studies have shown that children who learn a foreign language get better grades at school.Bilingual children also display a better facility in their native language.Their grammar，vocabulary and spelling skills are stronger than those of single-language speakers.Children who learn a second language become expert problem-solvers and creative thinkers.That's because their brains are constantly working to sort out which language to speak and when.Studies further show that bilingual teens are better at multitasking.
     Multilingual parents understand the benefits of learning more than one language.Ben Mazor of Montreal speaks English，French and Hebrew.He says，"Kids' brains are like a sponge（海绵）.They absorb everything.It comes to them so easily while they're young.So why not give them the chance to learn another language？"
     A number of studies show that bilingualism is valuable to the brain later in life.Scottish researchers did a study using data from 835 native English speakers，who took an 1 Q test at the age of 11.They were tested again in their 70s.Researchers then compared the tests.Those who spoke two or more languages had obviously better cognitive（认知的）abilities.Dr.Thomas Baka，co-author of the study，concluded，"Our results suggest a protective effect of bilingualism against age-related cognitive decline."
     So，who would refuse the benefits of learning a second language？
  
  （1）What does the underlined word "facility" in paragraph 2 mean？

  
  A．Ability.
  B．Interest.
  C．Taste.
  D．Method.
  （2）According to paragraph 3，what may parents like Ben Mazor do？

  
  A．Learn foreign languages by themselves.
  B．Spend more money on home schooling.
  C．Involve kids in foreign language courses.
  D．Help kids absorb knowledge like a sponge.
  （3）What has the Scottish researchers proved about bilingualism？

  
  A．It extends one's life
  B．It improves test scores.
  C．It cures brain disorders.
  D．It slows mental ageing.
  （4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？

  
  A．Learning Betters Human Brain.
  B．Bilingualism Shows Great Advantages.
  C．Language Opens a New World to Kids.
  D．Bilingualism Leads to Academic Success.
  组卷：25引用：7难度：0.6

  解析

第二节 七选五 （共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。

• 4．Training for a marathon （马拉松） requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs．（1）

  ，buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find．No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop．When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit．（2）

  ．As always，you should stretch （伸展）at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries．
     During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day．（3）

  ，it is wise to take a day off to rest．But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run．（4）

  ．After two weeks，start timing yourself．（5）

  ．Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race．
  
  A．After six days
  B．For a good marathon runner
  C．Before you begin your training
  D．With each day，increase the distance by a half mile
  E．If they still feel good，you can begin running in them
  F．Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
  G．Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time
  组卷：42引用：11难度：0.7

  解析

完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A， B， C， D）中，选择可填入空白处的最佳选项。

• 5．My senior year of high school was very busy.If I wasn't studying or worrying about（1）

  ，I was taking part in many activities after class or attempting to make my plans for（2）

  .
     As the senior year began to slow down，I got a（3）

  job working at a local coffee shop.I had expected that the job would be（4）

  ，but there are（5）

  when I was angry at the human race as a whole，simply because I couldn't seem to（6）

  anyone.There was always too much sugar，too little ice，or not enough milk.However，I（7）

  working at this coffee shop.
     One day，one of my（8）

  customers came in，looking depressed and defeated.I asked what the（9）

  was and if I could help，but the customer wouldn't say any details.He just said that he felt like lying on the bed，（10）

  the sheets up over his head，and staying there for a few years.I knew exactly how he felt.Before he left，I handed him a（11）

  with his coffee.He looked at me（12）

  because he hadn't ordered anything but the coffee.He opened the bag and saw that I had given him his favorite cookies. "It's on me." I told him.
     The next day that customer came again.（13）

  ordering anything，he（14）

  me a pink rose and a thank-you note saying that not too many people took the time to care about（15）

  and that he was（16）

  there were still people like me in the world.
     As time went on，I came across many（17）

  customers.But anytime I felt（18）

  ，I thought of that little（19）

  .Then I would smile，hold my head up high，clear my（20）

  and ask politely， "How can I help you？"
  
  

  （1）	A．time	B．grades	C．money	D．jobs
  （2）	A．career	B．business	C．college	D．holidays
  （3）	A．permanent	B．better-paid	C．respectable	D．part-time
  （4）	A．free	B．demanding	C．difficult	D．easy
  （5）	A．moments	B．events	C．feelings	D．chances
  （6）	A．please	B．admire	C．contact	D．excite
  （7）	A．quit	B．enjoyed	C．kept	D．avoided
  （8）	A．poor	B．regular	C．big	D．potential
  （9）	A．order	B．problem	C．illness	D．feeling
  （10）	A．tearing	B．covering	C．pulling	D．folding
  （11）	A．bill	B．plate	C．note	D．bag
  （12）	A．angrily	B．nervously	C．hopefully	D．doubtfully
  （13）	A．Because of	B．Instead of	C．Except for	D．As for
  （14）	A．ordered	B．returned	C．handed	D．promised
  （15）	A．others	B．themselves	C．customers	D．him
  （16）	A．glad	B．curious	C．worried	D．sad
  （17）	A．polite	B．kind	C．complaining	D．interesting
  （18）	A．lonely	B．proud	C．discouraged	D．happy
  （19）	A．note	B．dialogue	C．bag	D．rose
  （20）	A．mind	B．throat	C．tables	D．doubts
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。

• 6．I was always told that the three Ps，patience，positive thinking and perseverance（坚持不懈），were a sure path （1）

  success.But this advice does not always work as planned.My high school maths exam is （2）

  example.The exam， （3）

  was originally to be held in our classroom， （4）

  （change） to the library at the last minute.This，however，didn't bother me because maths had always been my （5）

  （strong） subject.I patiently walked to the library， （6）

  （take） my seat and did some deep breathing to relax（7）

  （I）.But my mood changed quickly when I saw the first question.I had no idea how to do it.I tried to stay positive and persevered until I finally found the solution.With the problem （8）

  （solve），I felt proud of my achievement. （9）

  （fortunate），I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left （10）

  （complete） the rest of the test.
  组卷：7引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 基础知识（共三节，满分 30 分）第一节 单词拼写（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分）根据中文提示，用一个单词填入下列句子，使句意完整。

• 7．Not having seen her cousin for twenty years，she couldn't

  （认出） her in the crowd.
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第三节 补全句子（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）

• 22．我正准备上台这时老师提醒我越自信，就越有可能成功。
  I was about to go on stage

  my teacher reminded me that the more confident I was，

  I was to make it.
  组卷：7引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第四部分 书面表达（满分 30 分）

• 23．近期你校英语报在征集有关居家网课学习的文章。现你向该报投稿，讲述自己居家网课学习的情况，要点如下：
  （1）上网课遇到的问题；
  （2）这对这一（些）问题采取的办法；
  （3）取得的效果。
  备用词汇：在线学习 online learning；
  注意：（1）词数 120 左右；
  （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
  组卷：5引用：1难度：0.5

  解析