2022-2023学年广东省广州市荔湾区高二（上）期末英语试卷

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 1．From hawk hikes to private sleepovers at the zoo，there is a great selection of animal-related experiences available to groups.Here are some top options to get closer tovarious wonderful wildlife.
     Chester Zoo
     The newest attractions here are the Madagascar Lemur Walkthrough experience，which gives visitors the opportunity to walk alongside ring-tailed and red-ruffed lemurs，and the interactive American Wetland Aviary，which is home to birds like scarlet ibises and flamingos.Group rates are available for parties of 15 or more and there are various catering options，including sit-down meals at the restaurant at the heart of the zoo.
     ZSL Whipsnade Zoo
     Until September 2022，it is offering groups of up to 60 the opportunity to experience a private Nature Night，on which they'll get to explore the zoo privately after the public has left，take part in activities like quizzes，camp overnight，and get up early for a private tour along the green trail before it reopens to the public again.
     West Midland Safari Park The latest attraction at the park is the new African Walking Trail.Opened in May，the trail features three viewpoints that allow visitors to see the park's African animals on foot.There's also a four-mile drive-through safari area with red panda，penguin and lorikeet areas.Groups of ten plus，arriving in the same vehicle，can save more than 40%.
     Knowsley Safari Park
     The five-mile safari drive through the site takes you past free roaming lions，rhinos and more than 100 cheeky baboons.There's a foot safari area，where the highlight is the Amur Tiger Trail with transparent walled viewing areas where you can get nose to nose with 450-pound tigers.Groups of 15 people and more，arriving in one vehicle，qualify for special ticket rates.
  
  （1）Who are the intended readers of passage？

  
  A．Daily forest hikers.
  B．Animal-loving kids.
  C．Group-tour planning guides.
  D．Wildlife conservationists.
  （2）Which park is good for camping fans？

  
  A．Chester Zoo.
  B．ZSL Whipsnade Zoo.
  C．West Midland Safari Park.
  D．Knowsley Safari Park.
  （3）What does the four zoos have in common？

  
  A．They provide meals for tourists.
  B．They offer private tours.
  C．They allow cars to drive through.
  D．They have walking trails.
  组卷：5引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．A couple has completed a tiring 4，500-mile bike ride around Europe in the shape of an enormous bicycle，in a creative attempt to promote sustainable travel.
     Accompanied by their dog Zola，David Smith，35，and Arianna Saraghi，40，rode throug hseven countries to create the striking image，motivated by their desire to raise awareness about climate change.After completing their 7237-kilometer journey earlier this week，the pair said they had narrowly beaten the Guiness World Record for the largest GPSdrawing made by any mode of transport.
     They are also，unsurprisingly，confident that they have traced the biggest ever GPS bicycle，estimating that theirs is roughly 600 miles wide."Being able to see it on the map is mainly a relief，" Ms Saraghi said after recounting the problems they had along the way.
     They initially set off in the summer of 2019，armed with a computer-designed route which they had followed to avoid cycling through Paris' Charles de Gaulle Airport.However，they were forced to stop after Ms Saraghi sustained a knee injury.
     The Anglo-Italian couple tried again that winter，before giving up because it was too cold to camp.The COVID-19 pandemic then delayed the trip's completion by another two years."We had so many obstacles.When we started this time we were thinking-what can go wrong this time？We felt we had let people down by not completing it，and our life felt kind of stuck.So we're very happy，"Ms Saraghi said.
     The pair said they want people who see the GPS image to consider cycling shorter joummeys rather than choosing to drive. "Cyeling is cheaper，it's healthy，it's fun，and it's often pretty fast.Please give it a second and consider if there is an alternative to the car-there may not be，but often there is，"Mr Smith told The Independent.The 35-year-old added that they also hope politicians who come across their GPS bicycle are motivated to improve cycling infrastructure（基础设施） to encourage the public to travel sustainably where possible.
  
  （1）What was the purpose of the couple's bike ride？

  
  A．To enjoy a journey with their dog.
  B．To encourage green travel on bikes.
  C．To give warnings on climate change.
  D．To create a striking means of transport.
  （2）What does the couple think of their journey？

  
  A．Long and comfortable.
  B．Creative and inspiring.
  C．Relaxing and relieving.
  D．Challenging and profitable.
  （3）Why do the couple feel happy？

  
  A．They successfully improved public facilities.
  B．They let people down due to many obstacles.
  C．They realized the dream of changing their life.
  D．They finally meet the expectation of the public.
  （4）Which of the following would the couple agree with？

  
  A．In many cases cycling can be an alternative to driving.
  B．The GPS bicycle can inspire people to give up driving.
  C．Better urban infrastructure prevents sustainable travel.
  D．Cycling is cheaper，funnier and faster than driving a car.
  组卷：2引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Scientists have invented a new type of battery that makes it possible to charge electric vehicles in less than 10 minutes.The innovative design for lithiumion（锂离子）batteries involves a "record-breaking combination" of shorter charge time and more energy acquired for longer travel range，according to the Penn State University researchers who came up with it.
     "The need for smaller，faster-charging batteries is greater than ever，"said Professor Chaoyang Wang from Penn State University，who led the research."There are simply not enough batteries and critical raw materials，especially those produced domestically，to meet expected demand."
     The fast-charging technology makes it possible for electric vehicles to downsize from 150 to 50 kW•h without shortening range，making them cheaper and more efficient."The smaller，faster-charging batteries will dramatically cut down battery cost and usage of critical raw materials，such as cobalt，graphite and lithium，enabling mass adoption of affordable electric cars，" said Professor Wang.
     The breakthrough centres on a novel method for controlling the temperature of the battery，which is needed to optimise its charge time and performance.Until now，this has involved extremal heating and cooling systems that are inefficient and waste energy.
     Regular batteries have three components-an anode，an electrolyte and a cathode-but the fast-charging system adds a fourth that builds in the temperature control system.An ultrathin layer of nickel（超薄镍层）acts as a stimulus to control the battery's temperature，allowing for 10-minute fast charging for electric cars.
     "True fast -charging batteries would have immediate impact，" the researchers noted，"since there are not enough raw materials for every internal combustion（燃烧）engine car to be replaced by a 150 kW•h-equipped EV，fast charging is vital for EVs to go mainstream and become accessible to the public."
  
  （1）What is the main feature of the innovative battery？

  
  A．Longer travel range.
  B．Wider recyclable use.
  C．Shortened charge time.
  D．More energy consumed.
  （2）What does "this" refer to in paragraph4？

  
  A．The battery's charge time
  B．The breakthrough in batteries.
  C．The battery's performance
  D．The method of temperature control
  （3）Why does the author mention regular battery in paragraph 5？

  
  A．To explain a reason.
  B．To give instructions.
  C．To make comparison.
  D．To highlight an opinion.
  （4）What do the researchers' words imply in the last paragraph？

  
  A．Electric vehicles depend greatly on raw materials.
  B．The fast-charging batteries have a promising future.
  C．The 150 kW•h-equipped EVs are bound to go mainstream.
  D．Internal combustion engine cars will eventually be replaced.
  组卷：1引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

• 4．Drones（无人机）equipped with hyperspectral and thermal sensors will be applied in Italy to spot trees infected with Xylella fastidiosa，a deadly bacterium that has been destroying the country's olive crops for almost a decade.
     The sensors will be able to detect signs of early infection that cannot be noticed easily，such as slight changes in the color of leaves，allowing farmers to select affected trees and prevent outbreaks.More than 300，000 trees will be examined using the new drone technology in the next few months.
     "This technology has the potential to give the Italian government a major advantage in the fight against Xylella，"says Manuela，a researcher of the project."We tend to realize far too late if a plant is infected-these drone sensors will alow us to spot and prevent outbreaks rather than just react to them."
     Early detection strategies like this are key for controlling Xylella，which is spread by spitle bugs that feed on infected plants，taking in bacteria and passing them to healthy plants nearby.Once the bacteria have infected a plant，they block the xylem vessels that transport water through the plant，cutting off its ability to absorb water and，eventually，killing it.
     "Xylella is particularly dangerous because it has many different natural hosts through which it can spread，"says Andrea Maiorano，a plant health expert at the European Food Safety Authority in Italy."There are hundreds of different plant species that can host it."
     According to the law，as soon as a tree is found to be infected with Xylella，it must immediately be cut down-along with all species easily affected within a 50-metre radius（半径）.A 2.5-kilometre zone around the infected plant is then closely monitored to prevent spread to surrounding trees.The remote-detection drones will ensure that any infected tree in these areas is diagnosed and recognized quicker than ever before.
     The hope is that this containment strategy in infected regions can buy time for the rest of the country's olive plantations until a cure can be found.
  
  （1）What is the problem with the olive crops in Italy？

  
  A．Bacteria infection.
  B．Lack of water.
  C．Soil pollution.
  D．Backward technology.
  （2）How do drones help the farmers？

  
  A．By curing the affected trees.
  B．By changing the color of leaves.
  C．By monitoring the quality of trees.
  D．By discovering the unnoticed infection.
  （3）What is paragraph 4 mainly about？

  
  A．The danger of Xylella.
  B．The key of the strategies.
  C．The cause of the bacteria.
  D．The feature of the drones.
  （4）What can we expect of the drones in the future？

  
  A．They will prevent trees from being infected.
  B．They will ensure the recognition of the plants.
  C．They can speed up the diagnosis of diseased trees.
  D．They might help increase country's olive plantations.
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二节（共1小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

• 5．One of the many lessons we were forced to learn from the pandemic was the importance of social interaction，and the negative effects on social isolation.And even outside of our close relationships with friends and family，weak social ties are also necessary to our sense of wellbeing.I know how easy it is to close yourself off from interactions from strangers.（1）

  
     Recent research shows that even weak social interactions-like a quick exchange with a stranger on the sidewalk-contribute positively to our wellbeing.It is easy to live life with your head down，avoiding the far ends of your social network，like classmates you never chat with or neighbors whose names you don't remember.（2）

  But by avoiding such tiny interactions，you could be robbing yourself of potential happiness.
     Take a look at your social network.Think about your favorite coffee shop，your grocery store，your gym-every day we cross paths with some of the same people.（3）

  Then you're no longer strangers，and now have mutual familiarity.
     （4）

  Consider taking out your ear buds，shifting your gaze from your phone，and smiling at others.You might start identifying familiar faces to introduce yourself to later，you might be making yourself available to someone who needs directions，or you might simply feel less lonely from a small wave or nod from a stranger.
     Don't be disturbing.（5）

  Don't force conversation with some who clearly wants to be alone.If you are concerned that your small talk is making the other person feel in danger，listen to that instinct.However，if what's holding you back is a fear of awkwardness or embarrassment，then push yourself to beat that anxiety.
  
  A.Look up，literally!
  B.Respect people's boundaries.
  C.You may not regard your life as lacking.
  D.Do you want to avoid unwanted interactions？
  E.Take the brave first step to introduce yourself.
  F.Sadly，you have to think through the positive effects of conversations.
  G.However，building tiny relationships with some acquaintance has a powerful impact.
  组卷：1引用：4难度：0.5

  解析

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 6．spagheti and meatballs are my favorite food.And reading is my favorite hobby.Reading，however，can be（1）

  .You stop paying attention to what's going on around you when you are（2）

  absorbed in a book.It is a wonderful feeling，but it can be hazardous.
     One day，when I was home alone doing two of my favourite things：eating a huge plate of spaghetti and meatballs，and reading.My pet（3）

  named Luke tried to talk to me，but I was lost in my book.So Luke decided to get（4）

  .He flew，and before I knew it，he landed right on top of my spaghetti and meatballs!I was so（5）

  .I didn't even have time to think.My（6）

  was the same as yours would be：I shooed him（7）

  my food!
     But Luke had（8）

  my spagheti with both feet.So when he（9）

  ，the spagheti went flying everywhere.It fell on my shirt.It（10）

  me in the face.Red sauce splattered up the wall and onto the ceiling.As I pulled the（11）

  out of my hair，Luke flew back to his perch，dripping the spagheti sauce all the way.He wasn't hurt，except for his（12）

  - the sauce in his beautiful white feathers turned him orange for several weeks.
     See how ridiculous it was？So if you like to read while you eat，you'd better（13）

  your food.And if you find a spy novel at the（14）

  with red，dirty spots on two（15）

  near the middle，you'll know that I've read that book，too!
  
  

  （1）	A．dangerous	B．helpful	C．fun	D．calm
  （2）	A．widely	B．deeply	C．severely	D．obviously
  （3）	A．dog	B．cat	C．bird	D．turtle
  （4）	A．lower	B．angry	C．focused	D．closer
  （5）	A．absorbed	B．surprised	C．proud	D．embarrassed
  （6）	A．feeling	B．imagination	C．reaction	D．hesitation
  （7）	A．off	B．on	C．in	D．with
  （8）	A．touched	B．boiled	C．bent	D．grabbed
  （9）	A．took of	B．summed up	C．switched off	D．set out
  （10）	A．held	B．caught	C．hit	D．defend
  （11）	A．handle	B．comb	C．noodle	D．feather
  （12）	A．wealth	B．pride	C．behavior	D．health
  （13）	A．get away from	B．help yourself to	C．side with	D．keep an eye on
  （14）	A．store	B．bookshelf	C．market	D．library
  （15）	A．pages	B．covers	C．pictures	D．corrnners
  组卷：3引用：1难度：0.3

  解析

第二节 应用文写作（共1题，满分15分）

• 18．你的好朋友Ben比较肥胖，原因之一是他沉迷甜食，写信向你求助，请你回信给予建议。主要内容如下：
  （1）甜食的弊端；
  （2）你的建议。
  注意：
  （1）词数100左右；
  （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第三节 读后续写（共1题，满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

• 19．Sarah's grandma had been practicing yoga for more than 50 years.She could stand on her hands and pull her body into a ball.But Sarah thought she would never be as flexible as her grandma did."You need patience for Yoga，Sarah."said grandma.
      Sarah's school was holding a yoga contest.Sarah wanted to make her grandma proud.She kept practicing.Mountain pose.Standing still wasn't that hard.She moved to her hands and knees and arched her back.Cat pose.These were easy，but the competition would be harder.
      She lay on her belly and pushed up on her hands.Cobra pose.Her arms soon got tired and she sank to the floor.She turned to Grandma."It's hard，Grandma."Sarah said，"How did you get to be so strong？""Patience" Grandma smiled.
      The next morning，Sarah was a frog.The pose made her thighs hurt and she wanted to stop.Then she remembered her grandma's words.She took a deep breath and held the pose longer.
      Sarah practiced a new pose every day.But first she went through the poses she had practiced the days before.She started to feel stronger.Her arms and legs stopped shaking.
      The day of the yoga contest arrived.On the bus，Sarah's stomach whirled like a summer wind.What if she couldn't hold any poses？When the bus stopped at the gym，her heart was beating wildly.
      It is time to begin，"said their teacher."Your first pose will be Eagle."Sarah curled her left leg around her right leg.She bent her arms，winding one around the other.She reminded herself，Focus!
      "Triangle Pose."Sarah stood with her legs apart and arms at her sides.She slowly bent to the right.She then saw Grandma among the audience.Patience.
      Camel pose.Bridge Pose.Bow pose，All went smoothly."Your last pose is the Wheel."said their teacher.Sarah lay on her back with her knees bent，took a deep breath and pushed hard to raise her stomach towards the ceiling.A few more seconds and she would succeed.
  注意：
  （1）续写词数应为150左右；
  （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
  But her arms felt soft and shaking._________
  "I didn't know you could do all these poses."said Grandma.__________
  组卷：2引用：2难度：0.5

  解析