2022-2023学年甘肃省定西市高三（下）开学英语试卷

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

• 1．Four Pre-College Summer Science Programs Sustainable Animal Husbandry（畜牧业）
     This 3-week program is worth attending!In addition to some lectures discussions，students will also tour a variety of animal farms，practice animal techniques，and learn about the relationships between domestic animals and humans.
     Where：Cornell University，Ithaca，New York
     How Much：﹩6，310 including tuition and room &.board
     Biological Research and the Health Professions
     You will spend six weeks exploring different aspects of life as a researcher or d this program.Activities include dissecting（解剖）a chicken with a world-famous zoo learning about non-traditional medical therapies，measuring electrical communication in living fish，talking with atop cancer researcher，and much，much more.
     Where：Cornell University，Ithaca，New York
     How Much：﹩ 12，825 including tuition and room &board
     Clark Scholars Program
     The seven-week summer research program offers students an opportunity for ha practical research with leading researchers and members of Texas Tech University.jye.ai opportunity，which includes weekly discussions and field trips，also pays stud ＄750 tax-free stipend（生活津贴）and provides room and board．
     Where：Texas Tech University，Lubbock，Texas
     How Much：Students receive a ﹩750 tax-free stipend
     Program in Mathematics for Young Scientists
     Mathematics is an important part of science，and this 6-week program is the perfect summer program for ambitious and motivated students to improve their math skills.They'll team up with other students，research mathematicians，and professors，and visit scientists for a typical day of number theory（数论）lectures，seminars，independent and group work and research，hands-on experiments，and plenty of fun activities.
     Where：Boston University，Boston，Massachusetts
     How Much：﹩6，600 including tuition and room &board
  
  （1）What can we learn about the program-Sustainable Animal Husbandry？

  
  A．You can learn about non-traditional medical therapies.
  B．You can have a better understanding of domestic animals.
  C．It takes place in Boston University，Boston，Massachusetts.
  D．You can visit scientists for a typical day of number theory lectures.
  （2）Which program best suits a student who shows interest in medicine？

  
  A．Clark Scholars Program.
  B．Sustainable Animal Husbandry.
  C．Program in Mathematics for Young Scientists.
  D．Biological Research and the Health Profession.
  （3）How much should you pay if you intend to take part in the program in mathematics？

  
  A．﹩750.
  B．﹩6，310.
  C．﹩6，600.
  D．﹩12，825.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．My grandfather was a rigid （刻板的） perfectionist.Everything had to be orderly，precise and punctual.I was frightened of him until the day he died.Growing up，my mother desperately wanted to please him.She probably thought he might leave if she didn't.
     In fact，I now think the fear of being left alone，abandoned，was a current throughout much of her life.A few years into my father suffering from Alzheimer's，my mother's voice on the phone sounded so upset that I had to tell her， "Just be with yourself for a little while.Be calm and everything can be better."
     "No，I can't do that.I don't want to do that，" she said suddenly，closing the door on the subject.A while after my father died，she told me that she kept the television on all the time because it made her feel less lonely. "It makes the house seem to have more people living in it，" she said.I had given in to my annoyance and either turned the volume down or turned it off.But after she told me that it filled in some of the loneliness，I never reached for the remote control again.
     We have had a long journey together，she and I.Over a half-century of memories，now that the journey has ended，I have a choice which ones to study and which ones to turn over in my hands and dust off （抹去）.
     I choose to look at the ones that ache with a sweet truth not told often enough.There was love between us.It was just hard to find sometimes.I choose to remember her face on that winter day in Manhattan，when I came to her with a broken heart.I choose to remember walking on the shore with her in summers when we rented a beach house.Somehow the sea always changed us.I choose to remember how she looked on my wedding day when she handed me a bracelet （手镯） that had belonged to my grandmother. "Something old，" she said.
  
  （1）What can we infer from the author's words said to her mother in paragraph 2？

  
  A．The author comforted her.
  B．The author praised her.
  C．The author apologized to her.
  D．The author blamed her.
  （2）Why did the author never reach for the remote control again？

  
  A．She would not turn the TV set on.
  B．The remote control had broken down.
  C．The remote control was hidden by her mother.
  D．She would not turn the TV set off or turn it down.
  （3）How does the author deal with her half-century of memories of her mother？

  
  A．Ignore most of them.
  B．Keep all of them in mind.
  C．Forget some and analyze others.
  D．Write things from her memories often.
  （4）What did the author's mother do for her marriage？

  
  A．She took her to see her grandmother.
  B．She arranged a tour in Manhattan.
  C．She offered her a present.
  D．She rented a beach house.
  组卷：13引用：4难度：0.3

  解析

• 3．A new study suggests that smoke from wildfires can change how clouds store water and could lead to less rainfall.The research comes as western parts of the United States are currently experiencing drought conditions after several years of intense wildfire activity.
     Clouds contain a collection of water droplets （微滴） that form from vapor in the atmosphere.When these droplets condense （凝结） onto each other within a cloud，they become heavier and eventually fall as rain.But the water condensation process requires a solid substance for the vapor to attach to.Different kinds of particles rising up from the Earth's surface can reach clouds and make this process possible.
     The new study found that smoke from wildfires contains small particles that affect the way droplets form in clouds.The main effect was the number of water droplets formed.The team reported that smoky clouds contained about five times the number of droplets as non-smoky clouds.But data also showed that the droplets in smoky clouds were much smaller，about half the size of those in the clouds without wildfire smoke.
     It is that size difference，the researchers say，that could reduce the amount of rainfall.This is because small droplets are less likely to grow and eventually fall to the ground as rain. "Because of their small droplet sizes，these smoky clouds are expected to reflect more light and produce less rain than clouds in clean air，" the study states.
     The findings could mean that active wildfire seasons in the western U.S.jye.ai in fact lead to less rain and more drought，the researchers said. "We were surprised at how effective these primarily organic particles were at forming cloud droplets and what large impacts they had on the microphysics （微观物理） of the clouds，" said Cynthia Twohy，leader of the new study.
     Twohy also noted that different kinds of clouds behave differently.The current study examined changes in small cumulus clouds.Other kinds that sit much higher in the atmosphere can cause heavy storms，she said.Twohy added， "I am hoping these results will lead to detailed regional modeling studies that will help us understand the actual impact of smoke on clouds and climate."
  
  （1）Why did the researchers conduct the study？

  
  A．They aren't sure how water droplets form from vapor.
  B．There is a great climate change in America.
  C．The US has serious drought after wildfires.
  D．They wonder how smoky clouds appear.
  （2）What is a characteristic of smoky clouds？

  
  A．They tend to reflect more light.
  B．They often have lower temperatures than others.
  C．They contain more droplets which are larger in size.
  D．They have fewer particles for the vapor to attach to.
  （3）What could smoky clouds lead to according to the text？

  
  A．Less rainfall.
  B．Much cooler weather.
  C．Fewer windy days.
  D．More storms.
  （4）What is the main idea of the text？

  
  A．There are many reasons for the US drought.
  B．Wildfire smoke can make clouds produce less rain.
  C．Organic particles play an important role in forming clouds.
  D．Humans have to face the serious consequences of wildfires.
  组卷：0引用：2难度：0.3

  解析

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节 短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）

• 8．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
  增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
  删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
  修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
  注意：
  （1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
  （2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
      Last Friday was the day where I watched the event of the Textbook Drama Performances held in the hall of our school in the evening.The wholly school watched the performances.During the event，the students from 15 classes acted out those famous story from the textbooks，was including Romeo and Juliet，As You Like It and so on.After the performances，all the students sing high praise for the actors and actresses but said that they learnt a lot from the event.
      My favorite performance is Romeo and Juliet.I am touched by the beautiful love between themselves.I think this event is great significance to us.It lets us knowing more about the famous works of the world and increases our interested in English literature.
  组卷：3引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

• 9．假如你是李华，你和同班同学Tom在踢足球时发生矛盾。请你根据此事给你班英语角写一篇短文。内容包括：
  1.事情是如何发生的：踢足球因为碰撞导致争执等；
  2.为什么会发生冲突：①遇事不够理智和冷静；②……；
  3.如何能够避免冲突：提出两种或以上的做法。
  注意：1.词数100左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数；
  2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
  3.参考词汇：碰撞bump into。
      A conflict between people is common in everyday life.
                                                                                                                                                  
  组卷：5引用：3难度：0.5

  解析