2018-2019学年湖南省长沙市天心区长郡中学高三（上）开学英语试卷

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节）第一节 （满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．

• 1．China has announced it's abolishing（废除） its one-child policy．What difference has it made，statistically speaking？
  400 million births prevented
  The one-child policy，officially in place since 1979，has prevented 400 million births．Parents have faced fines and other punishments for having more children．
     The majority of the decrease in China's fertility rate happened in the 1970s．It dropped from 5.8 children per woman in 1970 to 2.7 in 1978．Despite the one-child policy the rate had only fallen to 1.7 by 2013．
  21：28-baby deaths rate
  Since the one-child policy was introduced，baby girls have become more likely to die than boys．
     In the 1970s，according to the United Nations，60 males per 1，000 live births died under the age of one．For girls the figure was 53．In the 1980s，after the one-child policy became official，the rate for both was 36．By the 1990s，26 males per 1，000 live births died before the age of one-and 33 girls．The 2000s saw 21 boys per 1，000 live births dying and 28 girls．
  1.16 boys born for every girl
     Sexually selective abortions have been considered as a major cause of China's unusual imbalance．
     Gietel-Basten，associate professor in social policy at Oxford University，says the births of many girls are not registered if parents have broken the rule by having two children，adding officials often turn a blind eye．It's estimated there are now 33 million more men than women in China．
  4：2：1 families
     With the aging of China's population and the continuation of the one-child policy，a"4：2：1"home is the description given to households in which there are four grandparent，cared for by two working age parents，who themselves have one child．
     By 2050，it's predicted that a quarter of China's population will be 65 or older．The predicted decline in the number of people of working age is thought to have persuaded the government to drop the one-child policy．
  
  （1）When was the baby deaths rate for both boys and girls equal？

  
  A．In the 1970s．
  B．In the 1980s．
  C．In the 1990s．
  D．In the 2000s
  （2）What makes the one-child policy abolished according to the passage？

  
  A．The decline of birth rate．
  B．The rise of baby deaths rate．
  C．The change of family structure．
  D．The decline of working age people．
  （3）The passage sums up the one child policy by

  ．
  A．number
  B．example
  C．contrast
  D．analysis
  组卷：2引用：2难度：0.9

  解析

• 2．It's a little hard to figure out the rules for sure，but the baby African buffalo（水牛） seems to have the upper hand．The two stand a couple feet apart，staring at each other．Behind them，their mothers look on with the kind of indifference（不关心） of mothers everywhere who see their kids playing a harmless game．
      The alarm went off about half an hour ago，the second time tonight．Here，one bell means "elephant"，two， "rhino" （犀牛），and three and four，1 really can't remember for what，because when you're awoken by bells in the middle of the night，your first thought won't be "Animal! "．But as soon as I realized it was the rhino alarm，I was running for the stairs．
      Yet I'm the only one watching the animals stare-down．Either everyone else died of a heart attack when the bells went off，or l was the only one in the entire hotel who didn't turn the alarm switch to off before going to bed．
      The Ark，a hotel shaped like the biblical ark（圣经的方舟） ，lies in the highlands of Kenya's Aberdare National Park，about 100 kilometers north of Nairobi．At the Ark's prow（船首） are huge windows overlooking a waterhole．Earlier tonight，I'd watched a pack of wolves，buffalos and elephants．And now，at three or so in the morning，I'm down for rhino bells．The first time，2.5 hours ago，it was a single black rhino，which came down，got a drink，and left．
      I'd have been sorry for the lost sleep．I've already arranged with a guide to take me out at sunrise for the so-called "should_never_miss" bird-watching，where we'll get to see 30 species，but really，how many times in your life will you get to wake up and say， "Wow!Rhino!"？Isn't that the definition of a pretty good night？Last week we went from Uganda into Kenya．Before I left home，1 thought I'd be happy with ten elephants and five or six giraffes on the whole trip．I didn't dare to dream the rhino．
  
  （1）The message that the hotel's bells sent was

  ．
  A．a very wise way the author had never heard of
  B．hard for the author to remember in detail
  C．a matter that all visitors had got used to
  D．like conditioned response training for animals
  （2）What's the author's attitude toward the bell？

  
  A．It's bothering but two bells are welcome．
  B．It should be turned off whenever it rings．
  C．It lets visitors have a chance to see buffalos．
  D．It is a very bad way to wake the guests up．
  （3）What can we learn from the passage？

  
  A．The author hates all the animals．
  B．There are lots of wild animals near the Ark．
  C．The author slept well during the whole trip．
  D．The author has no interest in thinos．
  （4）What did the author see at about 3：00 a．m．？

  
  A．Two buffalos were fighting fiercely for food．
  B．A rhino and a buffalo were fighting for water．
  C．A rhino and a buffalo were staring at each other．
  D．A buffalo was teaching its baby to walk freely．
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Many people trying to sell homes find that an increase in home prices has turned the market in their favor．But sellers can still get the short end of the deal if they aren't careful．Here are a few tips for you：
      Don't test your luck．Of course you think anyone who moves into your lovely home should be willing to pay top dollars，especially if you've recently invested in some improvements．But listing a home at a price that's too high above the market price could turn away some buyers．
     Buyers noticing that the home still hasn't sold may begin to assume there's something wrong with the house and use that as a reasonable excuse for offering a lower price．And if a home hasn't received any offers after two weeks，it might be time to reset the price．
      A price that's too low can bring about an undesired outcome．Listing your home at or slightly below the market price can have the effect of drawing in a large group of buyers and increase the chances that a home will receive multiple offers．But setting the price too low comes with several risks．One possibility is that buyers will get skeptical of the home that is listed for 15，000 to 20，000 less than similar homes in the area，especially if it's not properly marketed．Once again，people might assume there is something wrong with the home and may not bother to look at it．
      Spy on the competition．Going to other people's open houses can give you a better sense of how your home compares to others on the market．Check out the decoration in their kitchens，the size of their backyards and use the information to figure out where your home should fit in the range of the price．But don't set your pricing just on what you see elsewhere．
  
  （1）What does the underlined part in Paragraph l probably mean？

  
  A．Be at a disadvantage．
  B．Get the upper hand．
  C．Have control over the situation．
  D．Be unable to fit in．
  （2）What should home sellers do according to the passage？

  
  A．Price your house on the basis of its geographic location．
  B．Price your house slightly above the market price after decorating it．
  C．Change the price if no offer has been received within a week．
  D．Price your house at or slightly below the market price．
  （3）If you set the price of your house too low，

  ．
  A．buyers might think it not worthwhile to go to have a look
  B．you are likely to come into conflict with the neighborhood sellers
  C．your house will be crowded with buyers within a couple of days
  D．chances of your house being sold at a better price will be greatly increased
  （4）What is the benefit of going to other people's open house？

  
  A．You can pick up some useful lessons on house selling．
  B．You can get your pricing mainly based on what you see elsewhere．
  C．You can work out how much money you should ask for your home．
  D．You can know how to make your house stand out against other houses．
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

• 8．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
  增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
  删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
  修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
  注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
  2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
       My father's friend Henry used to be a teacher at a medical school and he was very strict with his students．The students were afraid of him though he was seldom pleased of the answers they gave．Once a student was seated before him，and Henry required him in describe a certain illness，his description of which turned out to be OK．Then Henry asked about the cure for the illness，but the student gave the right answer． "How much will you give the patient？" "A full spoon!" Suddenly the student realizes that here was anything wrong．He said anxiously， "I've made the mistake a full spoon is too many，and he can take only five drops．" "It's too late；your patient has been died，" Henry said cold．
  组卷：4引用：2难度：0.6

  解析

第二节书面表达（满分30分）

• 9．假设你是高三学生李华，你校学生会为帮助高三学生缓解紧张学习所带来的心理压力，将于下星期举办以"如何缓解心理压力"为主题的"心理健康周（Psychological Health Week）活动"．请你给同年级的美国朋友Jack写信介绍这一活动计划．要点如下：
  1．描述活动的主题与形式；
  2．阐述你对此活动的看法；
  3．询问他们是否也有类似的活动．
  注意：1．词数100左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
  2．文中不要提及真实的人名及学校名称等．
  Dear Jack，
      How are you doing？_________
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  组卷：8引用：3难度：0.5

  解析