2021-2022学年北京市朝阳区高三（上）期末英语试卷

第一部分 知识运用（共两节， 30 分）第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分， 共 15 分）阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 1．17-year-old Norwood was driving three friends home in St.Petersburg，Florida，on February 20.As they reached a crossroads，a black car（1）

  them.Their car sailed into someone's yard and crashed into a tree.
     As smoke rose from the car，a bystander shouted，"It's about to blow up!Get out!" The（2）

  had caved in Norwood's driver's side door，jamming it shut.（3）

  ，but otherwise OK，she climbed out through the window.Along with two of her friends，who'd also managed to（4）

  themselves，Norwood ran for her life.
     But halfway down the street，she realized that her best friend，Simmons，wasn't with them.Norwood ran（5）

  and found Simmons in the back seat，unconscious.She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out，avoiding the broken glass as best as she could.She（6）

  Simmons to safety and laid her on the ground. "I checked her pulse（脉搏），and put my head against her chest.No sign of life，" Norwood told CNN，"That's when I started CPR.Fortunately，I（7）

  my CPR certificate yesterday."
     She started pumping Simmons's chest and breathing into her friend's mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life.No（8）

  .And then，after the 30 compressions（按压）and two rescue breaths，Simmons regained consciousness.The CPR had（9）

  !
     Soon，paramedics（急救人员）arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital，where she heard how her best friend had saved her life. "I wasn't（10）

  ，" Simmons said. "She will always help any way she can. "
  
  

  （1）	A．stopped	B．hit	C．guided	D．passed
  （2）	A．impact	B．symbol	C．weight	D．gravity
  （3）	A．Relaxed	B．Shaken	C．Amazed	D．Embarrassed
  （4）	A．free	B．defeat	C．meet	D．protect
  （5）	A．back	B．around	C．forward	D．outside
  （6）	A．pushed	B．rolled	C．drove	D．dragged
  （7）	A．lost	B．tested	C．earned	D．provided
  （8）	A．trouble	B．response	C．preparation	D．exception
  （9）	A．begun	B．finished	C．failed	D．worked
  （10）	A．calm	B．upset	C．surprised	D．nervous
  组卷：28引用：2难度：0.6

  解析

第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分， 共 15 分）阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

• 2．A Wang Yaping，the Chinese female astronaut onboard Shenzhou 13，entered the Tiangong space station，（1）

  name means Heavenly Palace，on October 16.She is the first female astronaut（2）

  （visit） China's space station and carry out extravehicular activities.Born in Yantai，Wang became the second female astronaut in spaceflight.During this mission，Wang，as one of the crew （3）

  （member），will stay in orbit for six months，setting a new record for China's manned space mission duration.
  B Zhaobi，or screen walls，have a long and storied history.Zhaobi can be found outside the entrance of buildings，and in their earliest form，they（4）

  （build）for only the highest members of society to show their social status（地位）and protect privacy.It was believed（5）

  zhaobi would also act as the spiritual protection.Then they became an（6）

  （importance）form of artistic expression，representing good fortune appearing on the walls.Nowadays，zhaobi are still how they looked in the distant past.By evolving（演变）their function，these walls（7）

  （witness）China's development，giving us a snapshot of life at a particular time in history.
  C A new study（8）

  （conduct） at the University of Kansas suggests that added sugars can cause some processes tied to depressive illness.The researchers found that inflammation（炎症）is the key effect of dietary sugar related to mental health.High sugar consumption could result in a perfect storm，negatively（9）

  （affect） the body and brain. "Many people（10）

  depression have high levels of systemic inflammation，which can directly push the brain into a severe depression.And added sugars stimulate this process，" said Stephen Ilardi.
  组卷：34引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节， 38 分）第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分， 共 28 分）阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 3．In our hyper-connected world，information is being collected and shared every nanosecond.The problem is that your personal information might be used against you in the future in ways you can't imagine today.So what do you have to worry about，and what can you do to protect yourself？
  If you're worried about your personal information getting lifted...
     Don't hand over your name，address，phone number，or email address unless the receiver really needs it.If pressed，you can always make something up.Opt a paper receipt or no receipt rather than getting one via text or email，which requires sharing your information and exposes you to possible data loss.
  If you prefer that your Internet searches stay private...
     Browse（浏览）with Firefox.Its privacy controls are stronger than other big-name browsers.Or use DuckDuckGo，and alternate service you can easily set as your default （默认） search partner at duckduckgo.com.
  If you're worried about your phone acting as a tracker...
     Turn off Location Services for all apps except maps and others that specifically need to know where you are.You can do this in Settings，under Privacy and Location.
  If you want companies to stop trying to sell you things...
     Stop ads from tracking you by opting out of information collecting.The website simpleoptout.jye.ai is a good place to start.You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 1-888-382-1222 or donotcall.gov.
  If you're worried about being tagged （标记）in photos on social media...
     Tell friends you don't want to be tagged，and opt out of being automatically tagged in other people's Facebook photos by going to Settings，then Face Recognition.
     Always keep in mind that Internet is not a private place and your privacy is not just about freedom from embarrassment.Although you can't prevent all Internet spying，you can minimize some unwanted spying by taking these steps.
  
  （1）Which of the following will most possibly reveal your personal information？

  
  A．Looking for information with Firefox.
  B．Receiving a receipt through text messages.
  C．Switching off Location Services in Settings.
  D．Giving your address to the receiver who needs it.
  （2）If you don't want to be disturbed by ads，you can

  .
  A．avoid using simpleoptout.jye.ai
  B．refuse a call from 1-888-382-1222
  C．delete your history from DuckDuckGo
  D．register your phone number at donotcall.gov
  （3）The passage is intended to

  .
  A．give advice
  B．introduce websites
  C．show worries
  D．explain social media
  组卷：22引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 书面表达（共两节， 32 分）第一节 （共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分， 第 42 题 3 分， 第 43 题 5 分， 共 12 分） 阅读下面短文， 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

• 8．Collecting As a Hobby Collecting must be one of the most varied of human activities，and it's one that many psychologists find fascinating.
     Some people collect because they want to make money.This could be called an instrumental reason for collecting.They'll look for，say，antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect to sell at a profit.But there may well be a psychological element，too - buying cheap and selling dear can give the collector a sense of achievement.
     Another motive for collecting is the desire to find something special.Some may spend their whole lives in a hunt for this.Psychologically，this can give a purpose to a life that otherwise feels aimless.There is a danger，though，that if the individual is ever lucky enough to find what they're looking for，rather than celebrating their success，they may feel empty，now that the goal that drove them on has gone.
     If you think about collecting postage stamps，another potential reason is its educational value.Stamp collecting opens a window to other countries，and to the plants，animals，or famous people shown on their stamps.In the past，and nowadays，too，a popular form of collecting，was trainspotting.This might involve trying to see every locomotive（火车头）of a particular type，using published data that identify each one，and ticking off each engine as it is seen.As a by-product，many train spotters become very knowledgeable about railway operations，or the technical specifications of different engine types.
     Not all collectors are interested in learning from their hobbies.Some people collect because of the need for a sense of control.Stamp collectors，for instance，arrange their stamps in albums very neatly according to their preferred principles.
      All hobbies give pleasure，but the common factor in collecting is usually passion.Collecting can be totally appealing，and can give a strong sense of personal achievement.To non-collectors it may appear a strange way of spending time，but potentially，collecting has a lot going for it.
  
  （1）What is the instrumental reason for collecting？

  
  （2）What is the danger of hunting for something special as a life purpose？

  
  （3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.

  
  Collectors gain material and psychological benefits from collecting，but non-collectors may not see its value，so they are not advised to have a try.
  （4）If you are a collector，what do you collect？And why？ （In about 40 words）
  组卷：26引用：4难度：0.5

  解析

第二节（20 分）

• 9．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 在你们学校网站上看到了你参加"校园劳动日"活动的照片，很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
  1. "校园劳动日"活动的相关信息（时间、内容……）；
  2.你参加活动的感受。
  注意：1.词数 100 左右；
  2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：校园劳动日 Campus Cleanup Day
  Dear Jim，
  ______________
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  组卷：15引用：5难度：0.4

  解析