2022-2023学年广东省茂名市电白区高二（下）期中英语试卷

第一部分 阅读 第一节 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 1．Science Competitions Your Students Can Enter Unsung Heroes of Science Video Competition
     Age：16 — 18
     Closed：May 17，2022
     The Unsung Heroes of Science Video Competition from Hertford College University of Oxford is open to all 16 — 18 students around the world.Competitors are tasked with making a two — minute video sharing the story of a scientist whose contributions were overlooked.Entries can be submitted by individuals or in teams.Winners of the competition in the UK will get to go behind the scenes at the Royal Institution 8 Christmas lectures.
     Schools' Analyst
     Age：16 — 17
     Closed：March 25，2022
     The Schools' Analyst Competition is returning to schools with teams tasked with finding the perfect formula for fish and chips!This competition allows students to expand their chemistry knowledge and skills through practical experiments.Each winning school team will then compete within their region to find a regional winner.Regional winners receive a cash prize.
     ABSW's Young Science Writer of the Year
     Age：14 — 16 Closed：April 8，2022
     The Association of British Science Writers' Annual Competition is open to students at non - selective state — funded schools in Cardiff，Birmingham，Glasgow and London.The competition invites young people to write about the big questions in STEM，and they've just 800 words to put forward their thoughts.The award winner receives £1000，and one—year's membership of ABSW.
     Newnham College Essay Prizes
     Age：16 — 17 （female only）
     Closed：March 11，2022
     The University of Cambridge's Newnham College Essay Prizes are open to all girls currently in a UK school and involves submitting an essay （2500 words max） answering one of a selection of questions.Besides targeting their literacy skills，the competition is a great chance to prepare students for higher education and would make a great addition to a UCAS form.Students also have the chance of winning a cash prize ranging from £400 to £100.Students may only submit an essay for one subject.
  
  （1）Which competition focuses on introducing scientists' story？

  
  A．Schools' Analyst.
  B．Unsung Heroes of Science Video Competition.
  C．Newnham College Essay Prizes.
  D．ABSW's Young Science Writer of the Year.
  （2）What should one do to win Newnham College Essay Prizes？

  
  A．Answer two questions at a time.
  B．Write about the big scientific questions.
  C．Enlarge his chemistry knowledge.
  D．Submit an essay with words limited to 2500.
  （3）What do the four competitions have in common？

  
  A．They provide cash prizes for winners.
  B．They are open to students aged 16 years old.
  C．They have something to do with writing skills.
  D．They accept entries by individuals and in teams.
  组卷：0引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Despite many public health campaigns to highlight various problems with sugary drinks，we drink them a lot.But，not everyone consumes them.Two new studies shed light on the fact that some of us easily fall victim to the harms of sugary drinks than others.
     Though sugary drinks are everywhere，some people find them harder to resist and the first study，conducted by professor Joshua McGreen at Flinders University，sought to understand why.For the research，128 young adults of 17 to 25 completed a computer test evaluating their attitudes about soft drinks，measured against their soft drink consumption.The study showed that the more unconscious positive judgments individuals had of soft drink advertising，the more soft drink they consumed.It also found that a lack of inhibitory control，which is the cognitive process that allows us to control our desires—say，to buy a nice—tasting soft drink even though we know it's unhealthy—was also a factor in increased consumption.
     A second study provides clues about who is more easily influenced by the marketing strategies.The study found that soft drink companies，like Coca—Cola and PepsiCo，have multi-billion dollar advertising and marketing budgets aimed to"create，maintain and increase consumer demand around benefits related to happiness，social status etc.".These campaigns are"increasingly being directed at disadvantaged groups"，including children and adolescents generally，and people living in disadvantaged neighborhoods.
     Soft drinks，even"zero—sugar"ones，are typically high in calories，but of little nutritional benefit.Placing a tax on sweet drinks may be one strategy to reduce people's consumption.McGreen also suggests that people develop strong self—control of soft drink consumption.It's something he wants to research furtjye.air.He adds，"I would also like to ban advertisements for soft drinks for sports or programs that appeal to children.It is specially important for sports people to stop being walking billboards for junk food and drinks."
  
  （1）What do the two new studies focus on？

  
  A．The harm of sugary drinks.
  B．The consumers of sugary drinks.
  C．The popularity of sugary drinks.
  D．The profit made by sugary drinks.
  （2）Who are most likely to buy sugary drinks according to McGreen？

  
  A．Those who have a good impression of soft drinks.
  B．Those who can control their desires well.
  C．Those who have a good spending habit.
  D．Those who have no interest in soft drink advertising.
  （3）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？

  
  A．Entertainment.
  B．Education.
  C．Health.
  D．Sports.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．People often call music a universal language，but do certain songs really cause the same mental images in our minds？Scientists at Princeton find that while music absolutely can stimulate（激发）similar mental experiences，the results also strongly suggest culture is a major factor.
     A total of 622 people took part in the study.All of the volunteers came from one of three locations：two suburban college towns in the US （one in Arkansas and the other in Michigan），or the rural Chinese village of Dimen.It's worth noting that the main language in Dimen is Dong，a tonal language unrelated to the official language of China.Locals there have little contact with Western media or culture at jye.ai.All participants listened to the exact same 32 "musical stimuli"— which were 60-second cuts of instrumental music.Half of these pieces came from Western music while the rest came from Chinese music.
     After hearing，researchers asked the groups about the images they saw in their heads while listening.Incredibly，people from Arkansas and Michigan often described very similar stories，even using the exact same words frequently.Dimen listeners，on the other hand，envisioned stories that were similar to each other but quite different from the American listeners.More specifically，one track led t o Americans seeing a cowboy in the hot desert surveying an empty town.Meanwhile，Chinese participants imagined a man in ancient times reflecting on the loss of a loved one.
     "There's something about the results that's really surprising，especially because people encounter music in 2022 often in a solitary way，over headphones.But it turns out，it's still a shared experience，almost like a shred dream，although not universally shared， "says Elizabeth Margulis，the study author.
     The results paint a more complex picture of music's power.Music can generate remarkably similar stories in listeners' minds，but it depends on a common set of cultural experiences.So while we imagine music can bring people together，the opposite can also be true-it can distinguish between sets of people with a different background or culture.
  
  （1）What is the probable reason for Dimen being selected for the study？

  
  A．Its unique cultural background.
  B．Its close contact with US.
  C．Its complex language system.
  D．Its long tradition of music.
  （2）What were the participants required to do after listening to music？

  
  A．Exchange their comments on the scene.
  B．Imagine musicians' original inspiration.
  C．Describe the picture forming in mind.
  D．Recall personal music-related stories.
  （3）Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word "solitary" in paragraph 4？

  
  A．Strange.
  B．Individual.
  C．Outdated.
  D．Polite.
  （4）Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？

  
  A．Unbelievable？Music's Effects Go beyond Cultures.
  B．Problem Solved!How Music Brings Us All Together.
  C．Amazing!Cultures Determine Our Preference for Music.
  D．Universal Language？Culture Matters When We Hear Music.
  组卷：0引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。

• 4．People say water can improve health and memory.But now some experts say that to think drinking water equals health is taking things too far and that hydration （水合作用）is about the balance between electrolytes（电解质） like sodium and the water in your body.
     Then how much water do you need to drink？Many say you should drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day.Not so，some experts say. （1）

  A 200-pound person who hikes 10 miles in the heat needs more water than a 120-pound office manager in a temperature-controlled building.
     （2）

  Someone with a heart condition or kidney stones has one level of need.A person taking diurelie drugs（利尿药）may need a different amount of water.You may need to change the amount you are drinking if you have been ill with vomiting or diarrhea.
     Water is a better choice than sugary sodas or fruit juices.（3）

  One popular idea is that caffeine or alcohol will make your body lose much water.But one study showed the effect is not significant.You also get water from what you eat.Fruits，vegetables，and soups all add to the intake of water.Your body will tell you if you are hydrated enough.You don't have to think about it or add up the ounces you drink. （4）

  
     Electrolytes are essential minerals.（5）

  Some sports drinks ads say you need to add electrolytes to stay healthy.But some experts say that your body produces electrolytes.You may need more water if you exercise a lot during the heat of the day.Otherwise，most people get enough electrolytes from food.
  
  A.Just drink when you are thirsty.
  B.They are vital to many functions in the body.
  C.It gives you more energy and makes you look good.
  D.Instead，your body and the activities you attend matter.
  E.It is also necessary to set a timetable about when to drink water.
  F.The amount of water you need in a day also depends on your health.
  G.But when it comes to hydration，any drink can add water to your system.
  组卷：6引用：4难度：0.4

  解析

第二部分 语言知识及应用 第一节完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

• 5．When Pete Eckert started going blind，he decided to channel his feelings of loss into art.In his 20s at the time，Eckert would spend whole days preparing drawings and woodcuts before asking his wife to（1）

  the results to him.But the process was driving his wife（2）

  .So，in search of a more instant medium，he（3）

  his hand to photography.
     "When I started out digital cameras hadn't wiped out（摧毁） traditional photography shops yet，"Eckert said on the phone from his home in Sacramento，California."I would go to those photography shops and buy two rolls of film and ask ten（4）

  questions.I went every day.And by asking questions and getting（5）

  ，I learned."
     More than two decades after entirely losing his sight from an eye disease，Eckert has（6）

  a successful career as a self — taught photographer now.When he first（7）

  the world of photography，Eckert would go on short trips at（8）

  with his dog for protection.He began by photographing statues，though he soon（9）

  more interesting subject matter." To take photos of sculptures isn't really（10）

  because the art is already there，"he said."What I was looking for was a way of showing what（11）

  is like."
     This new focus resulted in a（12）

  kind of photographic beauty—images（13）

  of ghostly figures and artfully vague（模糊的） lines that no one had ever tried before.
     Eckert's images aren't（14）

  metaphors（暗喻） for blindness.Many of them have been shot to literally represent what his mind sees，offering sighted people a clear（15）

  into his world.
  
  
  

  （1）	A．predict	B．describe	C．blame	D．recall
  （2）	A．worried	B．lonely	C．crazy	D．disappointed
  （3）	A．gave	B．turned	C．lent	D．put
  （4）	A．academic	B．important	C．difficult	D．professional
  （5）	A．comparison	B．extension	C．instruction	D．expectation
  （6）	A．established	B．introduced	C．spotted	D．ruined
  （7）	A．put up with	B．stood up for	C．took charge of	D．set foot in
  （8）	A．morning	B．night	C．noon	D．dusk
  （9）	A．examined	B．invented	C．accepted	D．sought
  （10）	A．fair	B．hard	C．new	D．easy
  （11）	A．blindness	B．kindness	C．happiness	D．loneliness
  （12）	A．crucial	B．unique	C．remarkable	D．practical
  （13）	A．warned	B．accused	C．comprised	D．cleared
  （14）	A．hardly	B．rarely	C．simply	D．entirely
  （15）	A．view	B．target	C．peak	D．reason
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二节：语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将本题的答案写在答题卡上

• 6．There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature （1）

  （lead） to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives.Climate scientists have warned （2）

  if we do not take appropriate actions，this warming trend will （3）

  （ probable） continue and there will be （4）

  higher price to pay.In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and （5）

  （ economy） losses.
      （6）

  （ continue） greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long—lasting changes to the global climate.This requires the attention of people all over the world.Governments need to consider making （7）

  （ policy） and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.We as individuals can also reduce our" carbon footprint" by （8）

  （ restrict） the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.It is our responsibility （9）

  （seize） every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us （10）

  this planet.So what will you do to help？
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 写作 第一节词汇，语法与句子

• 7．These artists did not use a

  （ reality） style of painting.
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.7

  解析

第二节：（满分15分）

• 22．假如你是李华，你校的美国交换生Peter参加了"外国留学生诗词朗诵竞赛"并获得了一等奖，请给他写封电子邮件表示祝贺，内容包括：
  （1）祝贺获奖；
  （2）肯定成绩和努力；
  （3）希望交流心得。
  注意：
  （1）词数80左右；
  （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
  参考词汇：外国留学生诗词朗诵竞赛Chinese Poetry Recitation Contest for Foreign Students
  
  Dear Peter，
     Yours，
  Li Hua
  组卷：0引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第三节（满分25分）

• 23．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写词数应为150左右。
  After I stepped into the school library，I went straight to the shelves filled with books at once.It was break time and I had dropped by the library to borrow a book.Just as I was looking through some books，a girl in my class，Alice，came up to me.Alice was a pain in the neck as she would often make fun of others.That day，Alice laughed at me about my deepest secret -that I had come last in class in the mid-year examinations.
      I blushed（脸红）hotly in shame.At the same time，I became extremely angry.My best friend，Lynn，was the only one who knew my secret.How could she betray（背叛）me？
      My anger grew as thoughts about my friendship with Lynn flashed through my mind.We had been good friends since Primary 1.We hung out together，studied together and stayed up till the early hours of the morning to exchange our dreams.We were closer than sisters.When she needed a shoulder to cry on，I would be there.How could she do this to me？I was so mad that I could not control myself.
      Brushing aside Alice's taunts（嘲弄），I stormed to the place where Lynn usually went - the school field.Lynn looked at me with a welcoming smile on her face.The sight of her treacherous（背信弃义的）face made me mad and crazy.
      "How could you do this to me？I thought we were friends!" I shouted at Lynn. "I hate you!"
      A look of bewilderment（迷茫）crossed her face as she said，
      "What ...What's wrong？What did I do？"
      Lynn cried out but I was cold and I didn't show any kindness to her at all.I told her， "You are no longer my friend!"
      And then I stormed away and returned to the library to calm myself down.
  注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；
  （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
  
      Paragraph 1：About 5 minutes later，one of my classmates came up to me and handed me my diary.                    
      Paragraph 2：Luckily，Lynn was still in the field.                   
  组卷：1引用：4难度：0.5

  解析