2021-2022学年广东省广州市天河区天河中学高二（下）月考英语试卷

第二部分阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑

• 1．21-year-old Jasmine Harrison completed the 2020 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge in 70 days，3 hours and 48 minutes-a new world record for the youngest female to row alone across the Atlantic.
     Harrison，who's from North Yorkshire，England，didn't have loads of experience in rowing long distances.In her childhood，she could not even dream of such an ambition.She'd only gotten the idea three years earlier when she happened to be in Antigua，teaching swimming，and saw the end of the 2017 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge. "Talking to a family member of a young man that had just completed it，I got to know just how amazing a thing it was.I didn't say 'not a chance I would do that'，but it was more a fact of why not do it？" she said.
     Every day，Harrison would row for about 12 hours，pushing her 550-pound boat she bought with some money across the ocean，covering roughly 90 kilometres.The journey left her with much time all by herself，which she said she enjoyed.But things got a little harder after her speaker fell in the water and she could no longer listen to her music.
     She had other company along the way.She saw lots of sea life，including several whales.One even rose out of the ocean right next to her boat. "I'm in their environment，" she said. "It's just amazing. "
     Twice，her boat was turned over in the night by large waves.The second time，she hurt her arm quite badly.Another time，she nearly ran into a ship.When her food rap out，she lived on cookies and chocolate.In the face of great hardship and loneliness，she kept going.
     On February 20，2021，she reached the island of Antigua-the end of the journey.She celebrated her arrival with a burger and fries.
  
  （1）What made Harrison participate in the 2020 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge？

  
  A．Her childhood hobby and dream.
  B．Her experience of watching a race.
  C．Her swimming teaching experience.
  D．Her family members' encouragement.
  （2）When did Harrison begin rowing across the Atlantic Ocean alone？

  
  A．In November.
  B．In December.
  C．In January.
  D．In February.
  （3）What can we learn from Harrison's story？

  
  A．The early bird catches the worm.
  B．Difficulties strengthen the mind.
  C．Behind bad luck comes good luck.
  D．No way is impossible to courage.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Cyberspace （网络空间） is constantly developing and presenting new opportunities，as the desire of businesses to quickly adopt new technologies，such as using the Internet to open new channels and adopting cloud services，provides vast opportunity.But，it also brings unexpected risks and unintended consequences that can have a potentially negative effect.
     Hardly a day goes by without news of a new cyber-threat.Unfortunately，businesses tend to misjudge how much risk they face from cyber-crimes and how quickly this risk can develop.For them，the commercial，reputable and financial risks that go with cyberspace presence are real and growing every day.
     So all businesses need to do now is establish cyber security within their organization，right？
     Establishing cyber security alone is not enough.Nowadays，it is not very difficult for attackers to break security and stop the overall business system.Preventive measures are not enough to stop them.With the advancement of technology，hackers （黑客） have been changing and developing.So business risk management should include risk resilience（复原力） so that businesses can respond to any damaging cyberspace activity.Cyber resilience helps businesses successfully recover to their pre-attack business processes and business operations.
     Building cyber resilience is not easy.A key finding of an authentic cyber-resilience report is that no organization can respond effectively on its own to the threats from cyberspace.Organizations must work together to share intelligence and resources.In this way，the quality，usability and authenticity of intelligence will be greatly improved.
  
  （1）What is the purpose of the first paragraph？

  
  A．To describe the development of cyberspace.
  B．To show the great contributions from businesses.
  C．To explain the technologies adopted by businesses.
  D．To draw attention to potential dangers from cyberspace.
  （2）Why is cyber resilience currently necessary？

  
  A．It can prevent attacks.
  B．Threats are always transforming.
  C．Cyber security doesn't work now.
  D．It keeps all the hackers off the Internet.
  （3）What's the main idea of the last paragraph？

  
  A．An organization alone can build effective resilience.
  B．There is a great amount of difficulty in building resilience.
  C．True resilience requires joined efforts from organizations.
  D．The cyberspace threat is nothing when cooperation is used.
  组卷：0引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Children may learn new words better when they learn them in the context of other words they are just learning - according to a new research from the University of East Anglia.
      Researchers investigated how 18-24-month-olds learn new words - in the context of words they already know well and those they don't.The findings help explain how children learn new words and suggest a new way that parents and carers could help boost language development.
      Previous research suggests that when children hear a word they do not know and see an object they have never seen in the context of some objects that they can already name，such as a toy or a ball，they guess that the new word refers to the new thing.
      Dr.Larissa Samuelson from the university wanted to know if the strength of a child's knowledge of familiar things - how well they know what "cars" or "balls" are，for example - mattered for learning new words and remembering them.They asked 82 children to take part in the study and carry out two experiments among them.And then they got some really surprising findings.
      "We had expected that a stronger knowledge of familiar words would be better for learning new words，but we found the opposite was true." Dr Samuelson said. "This new study suggests another way we might be able to help boost children's ability to remember new word-object links - by teaching them in the context of other things that they are just learning."
      It seems counterintuitive，but it is perhaps because the less well-known items don't compete with the new words as much.If they learn new words in the context of playing with well-known items such as a ball or book，they don't process the new word as much.
  
  （1）What is the purpose of the new research？

  
  A．To challenge the findings of previous studies.
  B．To observe the process of children's learning.
  C．To better understand children's word learning.
  D．To compare children's different learning styles.
  （2）What can be inferred from Dr.Samuelson's words？

  
  A．Their findings are out of expectation.
  B．Their research should focus on children.
  C．We should be more patient with children.
  D．We need to provide guidance on learning.
  （3）What does the underlined word "counterintuitive" mean in the last paragraph？

  
  A．Consistent.
  B．Encouraging.
  C．Impractical.
  D．Unreasonable.
  （4）What does the text mainly tell us？

  
  A．Less familiar words help children learn better.
  B．Word-object links contribute to better learning.
  C．New research finds the secrets of raising children.
  D．Children learn better with the help of their parents.
  组卷：19引用：8难度：0.5

  解析

第二节七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两项为多余选项

• 4．Apple's vitamin and mineral content，its easy availability，and its inexpensiveness are the reasons why it's the second most-consumed fruit in the world.（1）

  But what about the calories and nutritional value in it？Can we consume apples in endless numbers and still stay fit？
      A medium-sized apple contains up to 95 calories.However，the sugar content-about 19 g-is still less than the 21 g you get in a regular-sized chocolate bar.（2）

  The fiber present in fruits and vegetables helps control blood sugar levels naturally.It slows down digestion and stops the blood sugar levels from rising as they would after you consume candy.
      Eating one medium-sized apple gives you your daily dose of 14% vitamin A and 11% of vitamin C，both that your immune system needs the most.Antioxidants like vitamin A and C save the body from damage caused by unstable atoms.（3）

  If we consume darker apples more，we can get an antioxidant that protects the body from diseases and a good amount of indigestible fiber our gut's good bacteria feed on，so it's a win-win deal!
     （4）

  Consuming one or two apples on a daily basis is good for your health.But if you're diabetic，you should restrict the consumption to not more than a small-sized apple a day as apples are a high-sugar fruit.If you stay alert and take a proper diet，your body will benefit a lot.But if you eat endlessly，even the healthiest food in the world would damage your body and increase the number of doctor visits.（5）

  
  
  A.So act smartly and stay safe.
  B.How many apples can you eat in a day？
  C.Therefore，you should watch out for the food quality.
  D.How can we guarantee that we will get this fruit continuously？
  E.Plus，this sugar is less harmful to your body since it comes with fibers.
  F.They reduce the risks of illness and aging，giving you healthy and smooth skin.
  G.Since it comes in many varieties and different tastes，people never get bored of it.
  组卷：53引用：6难度：0.4

  解析

第三部分英语知识运用 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

• 5．Two-year-old Nancy is deaf．However，that hasn't stopped her from being a（n）（1）

  little girl trying to "chat" to anyone she meets．As soon as she goes out into town with her parents，she starts（2）

  in the hope that the person she is talking to（3）

  sign language too．
     Normally，hearing loss is a social（4）

  for those who don't know how to use sign language．Anyone Nancy tried to talk to（5）

  this and felt so sorry they couldn't （6）

  ．They wished they could （7）

  her and say something back，but they found themselves completely（8）

  ．
     Then，something amazing happened．Instead of causing a（9）

  ，this barrier brought the community （社区）together．Determined to（10）

  sign language so that they could talk to Nancy，her（11）

  hired an instructor on their own，and now they are（12）

  to taking classes together．The teacher（13）

  that this is really remarkable because，quite often，even the parents of deaf children don't （14）

  to learn the language．But here Nancy has a full community that is signing and communicating with her，and it is a （15）

  story．
     The teacher also says that this level of inclusion will make a huge difference in Nancy's（16）

  ．It almost certainly guarantees that she will be a happier and more（17）

  individual in the future．Nancy's parents are already noticing a（18）

  in their daughter and they have no words to express how（19）

  they are to their neighbors．
     With a little girl and a lot of love，the neighbors （20）

  make the neighborhood a community．
  
  

  （1）	A．independent	B．helpful	C．outgoing	D．generous
  （2）	A．signing	B．cheering	C．waving	D．smiling
  （3）	A．accepts	B．appreciates	C．recognizes	D．knows
  （4）	A．mistake	B．barrier	C．conflict	D．stress
  （5）	A．discussed	B．ignored	C．realized	D．denied
  （6）	A．respond	B．apologize	C．return	D．agree
  （7）	A．inspire	B．protect	C．trust	D．understand
  （8）	A．at risk	B．in surprise	C．at a loss	D．in a hurry
  （9）	A．debate	B．separation	C．complaint	D．panic
  （10）	A．create	B．learn	C．translate	D．improve
  （11）	A．classmates	B．parents	C．teachers	D．neighbors
  （12）	A．devoted	B．opposed	C．accustomed	D．addicted
  （13）	A．warns	B．predicts	C．admits	D．regrets
  （14）	A．fail	B．bother	C．hesitate	D．refuse
  （15）	A．relaxing	B．popular	C．satisfying	D．beautiful
  （16）	A．plan	B．hearing	C．life	D．opinion
  （17）	A．well-adjusted	B．mature	C．well-behaved	D．considerate
  （18）	A．potential	B．belief	C．strength	D．difference
  （19）	A．friendly	B．grateful	C．important	D．familiar
  （20）	A．truly	B．almost	C．merely	D．even
  组卷：7引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第二节语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

• 6．"Animals are a who，not a what，" animal advocates say.Animal rights activists，including Jane Goodall，want writers —（1）

  take guidance from the Associated Press Stylebook — to stop referring to an animal as "it."
      Animals are a part of some of the most important（2）

  （story）being told right now，but they are not always given（3）

  voice.We have learned much about how intelligent，social，complex and unique as individuals they are，and we know they are important.But many times，they（4）

  （describe）as if they are merely objects whose lives and interests don't deserve further（5）

  （consider）on our part.
      Jane Goodall points out that when she（6）

  （start）her research，she was told that her findings and approaches，such as（7）

  （give）names to chimpanzees，were wrong.She was told that the belief that they have emotions was also（8）

  （correct）.
      "But we know that animals feel joy，pain（9）

  grieve；We are not separate（10）

  other species，" Goodall adds.We must recognize that every individual nonhuman animal is a 'who，' not a 'what.'
  组卷：7引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

第四部分基础知识（共三节，满分10分）第一节单词拼写（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据中文提示用一个单词填入下列句子，使句意完整

• 7．The race，

  （赞助） by the Travelers' Club，took place in the new stadium yesterday morning.
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.7

  解析

第三节补全句子 根据中文提示和所给的英文部分完成下列句子

• 22．海洋探索是一种重要的人类行为，其意义在于寻找新能源。（定语从句）
  Sea exploration is an important human activity，

  .
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.9

  解析

第五部分情景写作（满分30分）

• 23．阅读下面材料，根据提示写一篇作文。
  假设你是李华，你所在的学校下周准备举行题为"How did I overcome the biggest difficulty in my life"的英文演讲比赛，请你根据下列要点写一篇发言稿：
  （1）事件发生的背景（时间，地点，人物）；
  （2）克服困难的具体过程；
  （3）感想与收获。
  写作要求：
  （1）词数150词左右；
  （2）适当增补细节，运用恰当的衔接手段，使文章流畅。
  组卷：1引用：1难度：0.5

  解析