人教版（2019）选修1《Unit 1 People of Achievement Period 1》2021年同步练习卷（课后培优练1）

I.阅读理解

• 1．The Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible，honoring people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.
     Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Stockholm，Sweden.Nobel as a young man studied with Nikolai Zinin，a well-known chemist.In 1850，he met Ascanio Sobrero，the inventor of nitroglycerin （炸药） in Paris.Interested in its unpredictable nature of exploding under pressure or heat，Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a usable explosive.In 1857 he applied for his first patent （专利），an English patent for a gas meter.After years of efforts，in 1867，at the age of 34，Nobel invented dynamite（炸药），which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin.Dynamite was an immediate business success and it was patented in the US and the UK and was widely used in mining.
     During his lifetime，Nobel invented and patented various explosives.He built up his wealth from his 355 inventions，from which dynamite was the most important.
     When Alfred's brother Ludwig died in 1888，a French newspaper mistakenly published Alfred's obituary（讣告）.Reading his own obituary，Nobel was disappointed to find out his public image.The newspaper strongly blamed Nobel for inventing dynamite，giving him the nickname of "the merchant of death" and saying "Dr.Alfred Nobel，who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before，died yesterday. "
     To Alfred，this obituary was a warning.He spent his lifetime alone inventing things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered.This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will，so as to improve his public image，and to be remembered for a good cause.
     In 1895，one year before his death，Nobel made the last will，saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great contributions to mankind in physics，chemistry，physiology or medicine，literature，and peace.To widespread astonishment，Dr.Alfred Nobel gave away 94% of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes.
  
  （1）According to Paragraph 2，what led to Nobel's outstanding achievements？

  
  A．The valuable help from his family.
  B．The strong desire to make money.
  C．His lifetime dream of achieving success.
  D．His great curiosity and devotion to science.
  （2）What was Alfred Nobel's attitude towards the newspaper's obituary？

  
  A．Upset.
  B．Supportive.
  C．Optimistic.
  D．Satisfied
  （3）Why did Nobel give away most of his wealth to set up the Nobel Foundation？

  
  A．To publish his findings of scientific research.
  B．To improve his public image.
  C．To be remembered as the "Merchant of Death".
  D．To prove the importance of his inventions.
  组卷：13引用：2难度：0.6

  解析

Ⅲ.语法填空

• 4．Paper-cutting was recognized as a national cultural heritage（遗产） in 2006.According to experts，paper-cutting conveys the culture shared between China （1）

  the West to wish for family reunions and maintain links with loved ones，alive or dead.
      In the movie Coco，for instance，the 12-year-old Miguel and his family dance and sing to celebrate the Day of the Dead，a （2）

  （tradition） festival in Mexico，when colorful paper-cuts are hung on the street.Chinese people also cut images of small figures（3）

  （call） back the spirits of the dead.The difference is that most Chinese paper-cuts are red，while those in other countries （4）

  （be） often made in many other colors.
      Fairy tale writer Hans Christian Andersen liked to cut（5）

  （character），such as princesses and angels，out of paper while（6）

  （tell） stories to children.In China，female friends and family members used to chat and make paper-cuts together.
      "（7）

  the patterns and colors may be different，paper-cuts share the same function of maintaining emotional ties among people，" says Yang Huizi，（8）

  art teacher at Beijing Union.
      Yang（9）

  （study） and performed the art for over a decade.Besides routine university courses，she also organizes nonprofit paper-cutting activities（10）

  are open to the public in Beijing to promote basic knowledge of paper-cutting.
  组卷：17引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

IV. 应用文写作

• 5．请你根据以下材料，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，向外国朋友介绍孔子（Confucius）．
  出生：公元前551年生于鲁国，正值春秋时期
  去世：公元前479年，享年73岁
  身份：中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家，儒家学派的创始人
  政治理想：建立一个和谐人道的社会
  影响：对中国的政治、经济及文化产生深远的影响
  参考词汇：儒家学派Confucianism；人道的humanistic；和谐的harmonious
  

  ．
  组卷：36引用：3难度：0.3

  解析