2021-2022学年江苏省南京师大附中高一（下）期中英语试卷

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分37.5分）略第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节 （共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

• 1．The days of stopping at one store and buying everything in one location are long gone.We've put together a list of items you shouldn't buy at the grocery store and we show you where to get them.
  Tuna
     Essentially a product from Chicken of the Sea，5 ounce cans of Van Camp's Chunk White Albacore Tuna in Water are available for ﹩1 per can at Dollar Tree.A similar product in the grocery store costs 59 cents more per can.
  Olive Oil
     Is it really worth buying expensive olive oil？We don't think so.This 68-ounce Iberia Premium Blend Extra Virgin Olive Oil sells at Target for ﹩9.69.Reviewers love this less-expensive alternative saying it's great for everything.Compare it with a standard 17 ounce size of Bertolli Extra Virgin Olive Oil- much less oil，selling for roughly the same ﹩9.99 when it's not on sale.
  Vitamins
     You might not realize the money you can reap on vitamins simply by buying them at a different store.A 100 count bottle of vitamin D softgels can run to ﹩11.29 at Walmart.A 180 count bottle of Trader Joe's vitamin D 1000 iu softgels is only ﹩11.99.That's almost double the amount.
  Storage Containers
     For storing food，children's supplies，or whatever your household needs may be，there's nothing better than plastic storage containers.But why pay through the nose for them？Albertson's has two half cup Rubbermaid Easy-Find Lids food storage containers at ﹩6.89.But you can buy six of those from Target for ﹩7.99-four more for about a dollar.
  Socks
     Whether you lose one in the dryer or just wear through them，socks should be replaced once there's a hole or the elastic gets loose.Dollar Tree has a good selection of men's，women's，and children's socks.Women's mini-crew socks come in a three-count pack for﹩1.A three-count of similar socks at Albertson's will cost ﹩ 6.59 and there are not many kinds.
  
  （1）How much does a can of similar Tuna in the grocery store probably cost？

  
  A．﹩0.95.
  B．﹩1.
  C．﹩1.59.
  D．﹩0.41.
  （2）You can get a better deal on

  at Trade Joe's.
  A．vitamins
  B．olive oil
  C．storage containers
  D．socks
  （3）Who might be the target readers of the passage？

  
  A．Reviewers.
  B．Housewives.
  C．Store owners.
  D．Health experts.
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil.Later she was transferred to manage a team in Sweden.She was excited about her new role but soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge.
     Despite their friendliness，Gabriela didn't feel respected as a leader.Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings，and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task，they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her.When she announced her decisions on the project，they would continue giving their opinions as if it was still up for discussion.
     What Gabriela was experiencing was a culture shock in expectations.Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of "power distance" to describe how power is distributed（分布） in different cultures.In her previous work environment，Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power is respected.In such a culture，leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged.Her Swedish team，however，were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions.Here，leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.
     When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team，she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.
     Pleased to be asked for their thoughts，Gabriela's team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do.They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom.When she told her team exactly what she needed them to do，they felt that she didn't trust them to do their job well.
     With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other's behaviour，Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style.Finally，she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals.
  
  （1）What problem did Gabriela have with her Swedish team at the beginning？

  
  A．Her authority was challenged by her Swedish staff.
  B．They were always refusing to follow her directions.
  C．Her Swedish staff didn't understand her instructions.
  D．They looked down upon her because she was a female.
  （2）What is encouraged in the working culture in Sweden？

  
  A．Professional spirit and risk-taking behavior.
  B．Independent thinking and mild character.
  C．Active participation and creative thinking.
  D．Professional spirit and risk-taking behavior.
  （3）Which of the following can best describe Gabriela？

  
  A．Bossy and rude.
  B．Strict but trustworthy.
  C．King but stubborn.
  D．Flexible and communicative.
  （4）What can we learn from Gabriela's story？

  
  A．Two heads are better than one.
  B．Don't judge a book by its cover.
  C．Birds of a feather flock together.
  D．When in Rome，do as Romans do.
  组卷：13引用：5难度：0.6

  解析

• 3．Being multicultural has many benefits，including being able to find inspiration from different people and places around the world.Laalitya Acharya，18，from Ohio，US，got the idea to develop a way to detect when water is contaminated（受污染的） after visiting her family's home in India.
     Acharya has always been involved in science，technology，engineering，and mathematics （STEM），competing in many competitions around the world，including the 3 M Young Scientist Challenge.Last year，she was even honored with a Coca- Cola scholarship for her efforts.
     Her most influential project，however，is Nereid，the name given to her water contamination detection device.She made the device on her own with various parts and a 3 D printer.It uses nanotechnology （纳米技术） to take microscopic （微小的） pictures of water，which are then examined to determine if contamination is present.To test her device，she created her own contaminated water samples and compared them to clean water samples.Acharya used a neural network（神经网络），an AI that works in a similar way to the human brain and can detect patterns in data.The microbes（细菌） that make water dirty have unique shapes and sizes，and the neural network can recognize and differentiate between the microbes.All of this is possible for less than ﹩100!
     She hopes her device will make it easier and less costly to detect water that is not fit for consumption.Acharya told Cincinnati Enquirer： " Coming from a place of privilege in the United States，I didn't understand how big of an issue this is until I saw it first hand.We are able to turn on a tap and even drink water directly from there.But that's not the situation for people all across the world."
     The Nereid project not only focuses on ways to resolve the water crisis，but also holds virtual workshops and educational summits for young people who want to learn more and be part of the solution.Acharya wants to break the stigma around STEM，saying ："Science and scientific experimentation is not a linear（直线型的） process.It is a webbed pathway that takes you through many different routes before you get to the end." Science is for everyone and doesn't have to be seen as tough or scary.
  
  （1）What can we learn about Acharya from the passage？

  
  A．She studies and lives in India.
  B．She has started several STEM competitions.
  C．She received an award for her hard work.
  D．She once won the 3 M Young Scientist Challenge.
  （2）Which of the following is true about Nereid？

  
  A．It is sponsored by Coca-Cola.
  B．It helps clean the contaminated water.
  C．It was made by a team led by Acharya.
  D．It can take microscopic pictures of water.
  （3）Nereid recognizes microbes that pollute water by using

  .
  A．a 3 D printer
  B．a microscope
  C．nanotechnology
  D．a neural network
  （4）In the last paragraph，which opinion does "the stigma around STEM" refer to？

  
  A．Science is for talented young people.
  B．Science is too difficult for us to explore.
  C．Scientific research is extremely costly.
  D．Scientific experimentation is exhausting.
  组卷：6引用：2难度：0.5

  解析

• 4．If a president，a philosopher，and one of the best-selling writers told the same secret of their success，would you try to follow it too？What if the secret was something you already knew how to do？In fact，you probably do it every day.Here's what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote： "It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth. " Thomas Jefferson： "Walking is the best possible exercise. " Charles Dickens： "If I could not walk far and fast，I think I should just explode and die. "
     Researchers have found quite a lot of connections between walking and producing ideas.A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting.According to the study，walking outside-compared with on a treadmill （跑步机）-produces the highest-quality ideas.
  The movement aspect of walking is obviously key.Our creative thinking is triggered （触发）by physical movement，which is exactly why walking-with your dog，a friend，or alone-feeds creative thinking.
     The scenery is almost as important as the sweat.Breaking your routine with a walk can be a catalyst for fresh understanding of problems or projects.Just by going outside，you are stepping out of your familiar surroundings and your comfort zone，which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities.You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood.You can walk through a park and observe people joking or birds singing.Being inside，you're more likely to be lifeless，which means you don't have enough energy to wonder or create.
     So instead of setting a fitness goal，why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking？Involve yourself more closely in your surroundings.Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world，to hear conversations and natural sounds，and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a river.
  
  （1）How does the author introduce the topic？

  
  A．By giving a definition.
  B．By using quotations.
  C．By providing the background.
  D．By presenting examples.
  （2）The underlined word "catalyst" in Paragraph 4 means something

  .
  A．causing a change
  B．stopping progress
  C．catching eyes
  D．discouraging creativity
  （3）Which of the following does the author agree with？

  
  A．Nature exploration improves fitness.
  B．Walking on a treadmill brings more energy.
  C．Working indoors makes people less creative.
  D．Familiar surroundings encourage creative ideas.
  （4）What can be the best title for the passage？

  
  A．Exercise in Nature.
  B．Train Your Brain.
  C．Walk for Wonder.
  D．Develop Your Creativity.
  组卷：9引用：2难度：0.6

  解析

第二节 （共1小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

• 5．People who love to spend time in their kitchen know that after having a rough day it helps them to relieve stress.Cooking up a favorite meal helps you forget about any of the issues you were focused on during the day. （1）

  Spending time alone in the kitchen after a long day at work allows you to simply recharge and enjoy the solitude of your kitchen.
     Cooking can be a great way to put off a daily task，and those who love to cook know this all too well.Putting all your effort into making a well-prepared meal or your favorite dessert is a great way to avoid anything that you have been worrying about.
     （2）

  Anyone who enjoys cooking knows that when you share a common interest like cooking with someone from a different culture，you can easily form a bond.They see this as an amazing opportunity to share recipes（食谱） and dishes and learn from different cooking traditions and customs.
     Eating out as a cook allows you to taste surprising ingredients（原料） in dishes. （3）

  Unusual tastes excite you and unique interpretations of dishes have you asking the waiter exactly what was added to make the food so delicious.This might not excite your non-cook friends and family，but for you，it's a great way to learn and improve. （4）

  
     （5）

  As a cook，you have learned to add your own personal tastes to recipes through extensive trial and error.There are no limits for you when it comes to putting a new take on a traditional favorite，because，for you，cooking is all about creation.
  A.Cooking is also a universal language.
  B.Cooking makes you a happy and popular person.
  C.Going out to eat becomes a whole other experience.
  D.Moreover，cooking plays an important role in family life.
  E.Instead，you concentrate on creating something delicious.
  F.Mastering cooking skills helps you to become creative with food.
  G.It is also likely to potentially inspire you to try to cook the meals in your own kitchen.
  组卷：7引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 语言运用（共一节，满分15分）完形填空（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

• 6．I was waiting for a rickshaw（人力车） in Bombay，India.However，none of them were（1）

  to pick me up because I didn't want to pay too much.So I started walking when I saw a rickshaw and stopped him.When I asked him if he could（2）

  me at my destination and told him the price would offer，to my surprise，he joyfully agreed.That's when our（3）

  began，mostly one-way.
     I started by asking in Hindi， "Why did these rickshaw pullers say no when I offered the（4）

  price？"
     His（5）

  answer was in English， "Madam，these guys aren't（6）

  and they think foreigners are all rich and ask for much more." Hearing his words，I was wondering how this old man，who was just a rickshaw driver，talked so（7）

  in English.
     When I was thinking about it，what he said really（8）

  me.
     "I was a teacher in a middle school for many years before（9）

  .Pulling the rickshaw isn't for money，but for keeping my body working（10）

  .I don't want to do nothing though I am 63."
     He continued， "I managed to make my kids receive good education，which has helped them choose their（11）

  and go far.My son is an officer and my daughter is a professor in a famous college.I pull the rickshaw just for several hours a day and the rest of the time I（12）

  young students for free.My major focus is to help them know how important（13）

  is and help them become a better person."
     His words motivated me a lot.I really realize although（14）

  may come and go，knowledge will（15）

  in our mind and make a big difference to our lives.
  

  （1）	A．likely	B．willing	C．determined	D．anxious
  （2）	A．drop	B．guide	C．invite	D．join
  （3）	A．celebration	B．discussion	C．conversation	D．cooperation
  （4）	A．usual	B．same	C．right	D．reasonable
  （5）	A．exact	B．shocked	C．mixed	D．instant
  （6）	A．prepared	B．trained	C．educated	D．involved
  （7）	A．quickly	B．efficiently	C．directly	D．fluently
  （8）	A．calmed	B．comforted	C．impressed	D．worried
  （9）	A．retirement	B．marriage	C．unemployment	D．graduation
  （10）	A．energetically	B．constantly	C．violently	D．peacefully
  （11）	A．achievements	B．careers	C．hobbies	D．opinions
  （12）	A．visit	B．teach	C．serve	D．change
  （13）	A．hardship	B．understanding	C．happiness	D．education
  （14）	A．time	B．effort	C．dream	D．money
  （15）	A．stick	B．leave	C．appear	D．crowd
  组卷：26引用：3难度：0.3

  解析

根据上下文，用所给动词的恰当形式填空。

• 7．All that

  （talk） about right now should not be let out.
  组卷：14引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

• 8．It's already 28°C but when and where to go for the spring outing

  （not decide） yet.
  组卷：7引用：2难度：0.6

  解析

• 9．Either you or one of your students

  （be） to attend tomorrow's meeting.
  组卷：6引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

• 10．Among the crises that humans are faced with

  （be） the ignorance of environmental issues.
  组卷：9引用：2难度：0.6

  解析

• 11．We

  （turn） off the radio and get into our sleeping bags when strong winds suddenly began to blow.
  组卷：6引用：2难度：0.6

  解析

• 12．The boy looked as if he

  （cry） when his mother scolded him for breaking her favourite plate.
  组卷：11引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

以下四题，请用恰当的情态动词或情态动词加动词的恰当形式填空，使句意合理。

• 13．- It's so hot and uncomfortable here!Why are your windows still closed？
  - Oh，I'm not to blame.They

  （open）.
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

• 14．" The interest

  be divided into five parts，according to the agreement made by both sides，" declared the judge.
  组卷：3引用：1难度：0.7

  解析

• 15．To all the people watching，I

  thank you enough for your kindness to me and I'll think about it for the rest of my life.
  组卷：5引用：2难度：0.6

  解析

• 16．The boss

  （go） far，for the cup of coffee is still warm and his car is still outside.
  组卷：4引用：1难度：0.6

  解析

第五部分 短文填空（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当得单词或括号内单词得正确形式。

• 17．Shenzhou XIII taikonauts' six-month stay at the Tiangong space station is wrapping up.Now they face one last test of their scientific and space travel skills-returning home safely.What needs to be done before leaving （1）

  space station in mid-April？
      Besides their personal （2）

  （belong），astronauts also need to "pack" experimental data and samples，so they can be further researched on Earth.And they have to tidy up a large number of materials， （3）

  （include） goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo （货物） spacecraft.
      Since the space station has no room service，the three astronauts need to "clean the house"（4）

  （they）.The waste is then put into the orbital module，which burns as it re-enters Earth's atmosphere.
      They also have to put all equipment （5）

  place correctly since there will be a gap of more than one month （6）

  the astronauts of Shenzhou XIV enter the space station.The crew members need to make sure some items，such as gym equipment， （7）

  （fix） to the walls to avoid floating and slipping.
      Astronauts experience microgravity（微重力） for long periods of time during their stays on the space station， （8）

  has an effect on their bodies.This includes a loss of fluid，muscle atrophy as well as bone loss. （9）

  （ensure） their safe and sound return，the three taikonauts have been doing physical exercises to train their muscle for the return to Earth. （10）

  （base） on their in-orbit physical examinations and data，experts have customized（定制） exercise plans for each of them.
      Just like a house that will be empty for a long time must have its water and power switched off，taikonauts need to check everything before they leave.
  组卷：18引用：6难度：0.4

  解析

第三节 翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据括号内的提示完成以下句子翻译。

• 51．我从来没有见过比你更高贵的东西。（倒装句）
  组卷：8引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

• 52．随着假期的临近，政府呼吁公众待在家里。（带"with"的独立主格结构，appeal）
  组卷：12引用：1难度：0.5

  解析