2022-2023学年北京市海淀区高三（上）期末练习英语试卷

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

• 1．We've all heard the saying"Laughter is the best medicine".And there might be something in this idiom.Numerous studies have shown that people who report greater（1）

  tend to have better medical outcomes.
     For instance，a 2017 study at the University of Nottingham tested the effect of mood on 138 retirees（2）

  the normal flu injection.Those who felt happy on the day of the vaccination went on to（3）

  more flu- fighting antibodies.Earlier work at Yale University and the University of Florida has also shown that people's mood affects the activation of genes that fight disease.
     But does happiness lead to good（4）

  ，or is it the other way around？After all，it could be that people who have strong immune systems（5）

  have higher levels of other mood- improving brain chemicals as well.
     Here is a possible evolutionary（6）

  .Humans evolved as social creatures that cooperate in groups to（7）

  food and protect themselves from wild animals.We were happier with a（n）（8）

  network of friends and family because this improved our chances of survival.But closely socializing groups are also breeding grounds for respiratory（呼吸的）（9）

  such as flu and colds，so we would have needed to increase the activity of the genes that fight these diseases.
     For those who were（10）

  from society，however，infectious disease was less of a problem，and genes that help recover from physical injury may have been prioritized instead of the ones that fight disease.
  
  

  （1）	A．success	B．confidence	C．happiness	D．determination
  （2）	A．avoiding	B．receiving	C．missing	D．organizing
  （3）	A．produce	B．repair	C．detect	D．absorb
  （4）	A．health	B．mood	C．relationship	D．performance
  （5）	A．gradually	B．naturally	C．randomly	D．rarely
  （6）	A．solution	B．prediction	C．application	D．explanation
  （7）	A．consume	B．serve	C．secure	D．purchase
  （8）	A．fixed	B．enormous	C．complicated	D．close
  （9）	A．functions	B．infections	C．activities	D．systems
  （10）	A．cut off	B．taken over	C．picked out	D．made up
  组卷：19引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二节（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。

• 2．A
  After earning a master's degree in 2016，Huang Wenxiu returned to Baise，her hometown，instead of seeking a career in Beijing."I come from（1）

  remote mountainous village.Quite a number of folks（2）

  （ struggle） with poverty there，so all I wish is to do my part to improve their lives，" she once said.Huang volunteered to join the grassroots poverty alleviation（扶贫） effort.She invited experts to tell the villagers（3）

  they could improve production.She persuaded the villagers to expand the planting area and encouraged e-commerce sales.418 people from 88 households were lifted out of poverty thanks to her efforts.
  B Governments at all levels have made continuous efforts to reduce the financial burden on house renters，especially those（1）

  are new college graduates.A report by the Meadin Academy says that college graduates（2）

  （ survey） prefer to live in apartments near the companies or railway stations to facilitate their commute（通勤）.As to house rents，most college graduates still need（3）

  （ assistant）from their parents and only about 20 percent of them pay the rent themselves.（4）

  （ help） lower the financial burdens of young people，many governments and companies have given their support in house rentals.
  C With the popularity of cycling，many cities have combined their tourism characteristics to launch themed routes.From indoor exhibitions（1）

  outdoor concerts and night cycling along the South Central Axis（轴），a series of activities（2）

  （ introduce） next month so that urban residents can enjoy themselves.An official of the China Tourism Academy said，"As mass tourism grows in popularity，only high-quality outdoor tourism products can attract visitors and the integration of micro-vacation products with outdoor sports products（3）

  （ have）a broad space for development."
  组卷：21引用：1难度：0.5

  解析

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

• 3．Best Gifts for Every Type of Mom Do you want to reward Mom with New Year gifts？Millions of products are offered online，but don't get scared away.We have done the work for you by selecting best gift ideas for every type of mom.Just click"Add to cart"to shower Mom with love.
     Dainty Earrings—Best for the Jewelry Lover
     Made from sterling silver，the earrings are lightweight and perfect for everyday wear.They're also ideal for anyone with sensitive ears.Among the 8，000 plus five-star reviewers，April Farmer confirms this，saying，"Just about every material irritates（刺激） my ears，but I have had these in for three months now—and no irritation，no color changing，or fading of silver.I can't even tell they are in!"
     KS Lunch Bag—Best for the Working Mom
     This in-disguise cooler bag will put a smile on mom's face during lunch hour.With thousands of five-star reviewers，the fashionable and functional KS bag has an insulated lining（隔热的内衬） that helps keep food and beverages fresh，and an inside pocket that holds utensils.Plus，the soft，lightweight design makes it easy to bring anywhere.
     Breville Express—Best for the Coffee Lover
     Talk about a morning boost!If Mom is a true coffee lover，she's dreamed of owning a high-end espresso machine.Now you can make that dream a reality.The Breville Express，which has more than 14，000 five-star reviews，comes in either black or stainless steel surfaces and offers the same dose-controlled grinding（研磨） that's normally reserved for fancy coffee shops.
     Beckham Pillows—Best for the One Who Needs a Good Night's Sleep
     She deserves a peaceful night's rest after all the hard work she does every day，and she'll get just that with these Beckham pillows.The set of two affordable cooling gel pillows is ideal for back，stomach and side sleepers.It offers much-needed temperature regulation that will keep her more comfortable than ever.It's a best seller with more than 126，000 five-star reviews，so it's pretty much a hit.
  
  （1）April Farmer 's review indicates that the Dainty Earrings are

  .
  A．durable and fancy
  B．simple and unique
  C．stylish and valuable
  D．light and skin-friendly
  （2）From the passage，we can know that

  .
  A．Dainty Earrings are best for formal occasions
  B．KS Lunch Bag is silver，portable and insulated
  C．Breville Express features fine and quick grinding
  D．Beckham Pillows suit different sleeping positions
  （3）Who is the passage intended for？

  
  A．Agencies selling products to moms.
  B．People seeking gifts for their moms.
  C．Moms planning to reward themselves.
  D．Salesmen studying moms' preferences.
  组卷：11引用：3难度：0.5

  解析

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共1小题，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。

• 8．Engaging in meaningful conversations with others strengthens social bonds and boosts well-being far more than small talk does.Yet many people fear or even actively avoid intimate（亲密的）conversations，especially with those they don't know well.Why are we so unwilling to engage in an activity that could benefit us so acutely？According to new research，it may be due to miscalculated expectations，and changing them could foster deeper connections.
      In a series of studies published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，participants either engaged in"shallow"conversations （speaking，for example，about their sleep schedule or how often they get haircuts） or"deep" discussions（covering embarrassing moments or what they're grateful for）.Before chatting，they predicted how awkward and uncomfortable the conversation would be，how close they would feel to their conversation partner afterward，and how much they would enjoy the interaction.Participants who consistently overestimated the awkwardness of the conversations also greatly underestimated how much they'd enjoy the more intimate conversations，as well as how close they'd feel to their partner.
      The noticeable difference between participants' expectations and their actual experience seemed rooted in the assumption that conversation partners wouldn't care about the details of their lives."We underestimate，essentially，how social others are，" explains study author Nicholas Epley，a psychologist at the University of Chicago.
      Such an assumption could be a barrier to forming deeper connections with others，Epley believes.Yet participants appeared able to course-correct.When they were told ahead of time that it's common to underestimate how much strangers care about each other，they voluntarily steered the talks into deeper directions，potentially reaping the benefits of doing so.
      A single reminder likely isn't enough to permanently change miscalculated assumptions，Epley warns.But making the effort to engage in just a few positive interactions could help someone mentally reset."After having a meaningful conversation，people usually want to have another one，"he says. "But you can learn only from experiences that you have，"he adds."If you think it will be unpleasant to talk to someone and therefore never try，you'll never find out that you were wrong."
  
  （1）Why are people unwilling to get involved in intimate conversations？

  
  （2）What could stop people forming deeper connections with others？

  
  （3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.

  
      A single reminder can permanently change our assumptions，but we still need to engage in positive interactions to help us mentally reset.
  （4）Do you prefer to have a"shallow" conversation or a"deep"discussion with strangers？And give your reasons.（In about 40 words）
  组卷：18引用：2难度：0.3

  解析

第二节（20分）

• 9．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将与国际友好校联合举办主题为"我是美食家（Gastronome）"的英语线上交流活动，请你用英语写一份发言稿，内容包括：
  （1）介绍你学会的一道美食并简述做法；
  （2）谈谈学做这道美食的感受及活动的意义。
  注意：
  （1）词数100左右；
  （2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
  提示词语：美食—delicacy；
      Hello，everyone!_________
      That's all.Thank you.
  组卷：11引用：4难度：0.5

  解析