北师大版选修3《Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson 3 Epidemics Explained》2022年同步练习卷
发布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
一、填空
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1．I don't like to define my work as a daily routine，which can be very d
.组卷：1引用：1难度：0.6 -
2．I watched them leave and then drove off in the o
direction．组卷：5引用：3难度：0.9 -
3．The books in the school library are c
according to subject.组卷：1引用：1难度：0.5 -
4．Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the v
food choices on the menu...组卷：1引用：1难度：0.7
二、七选五
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11．Not long ago，no one understood that infectious diseases were caused by tiny organisms that moved from person to person.Even now，although we know that tiny living microbes cause disease，how they do so is not always obvious. （1）
They can also be transmitted through our skin through insect or animal bites.The best way to prevent infections is to block pathogens（病原体） from entering the body.
The first line of defense is to keep germs at bay by following good personal health habits.Wash your hands well.You probably wash your hands after using the bathroom，before preparing or eating food，and after gardening or other dirty tasks.（2）Wet your hands thoroughly.Lather（起泡沫） up with soap or cleanser，and rub it into the palms and backs of your hands and your wrists.Be sure to clean your fingertips，under your nails and between your fingers.Wash under running water. （3）
Whether you are young or young at heart，getting vaccinated（接种疫苗） is an essential part of staying healthy. （4）such as a temporarily sore arm or low fever，they are generally safe and effective.Vaccinations are essential if you are to avoid getting sick.In general，children should receive the recommended childhood vaccinations.Adults should make sure their vaccinations are up to date.When travelling abroad，check with your health care provider about additional immunisations （免疫）.
（5）Stay clear of wild animals.Many wild animals，including bats，foxes and coyotes，can spread the virus to humans by biting.Keep your pets away from wild animals，too.Dogs，cats or any other type of warm-blooded animals can pick up the virus and pass the virus along to people.
A.Dry your hands and wrists thoroughly.
B.Use animal control to prevent infections.
C.While vaccines may cause some common side effects，
D.Although vaccines cannot prevent some rare diseases，
E.Other wild animals cannot transmit the virus and other infections.
F.We do know that most microbes enter through openings in the body.
G.You should also wash up after blowing your nose，coughing，or sneezing.组卷：13引用：2难度：0.5
三、阅读理解
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12．We've known that sitting for long periods of time every day has countless health consequences，like a higher risk of heart disease.But now a new study has found that sitting is also bad for your brain，which runs counter to received ideas about deep thought，from our teachers，who told us to sit down and focus，to Rodin's famous "Thinker"，seated with chin on hand.
A study published last week，conducted by Dr.Prabha Siddarth at the University of California，showed that sedentary（久坐的） behaviour is associated with reduced thickness of the medial temporal lobe （中颞叶），a brain area that is critical to learning and memory.
The researchers asked a group of 35 healthy people，aged 45 to 70，about their activity levels and the average number of hours each day spent sitting and then scanned their brains.They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes.It means that the more time you spend in a chair the worse it is for your brain health，resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.
What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant association between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area，suggesting that exercise，even severe exercise，may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
It then surprisingly turned out that you don't even have to move much to enhance cognition（认知）；just standing will do the trick.For example，two groups of subjects were asked to complete a test while either sitting or standing.Participants are presented with conflicting stimuli（刺激），like the word "green" in blue ink，and asked to name the colour.Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who sat by a 3-millisecond margin.
The cognitive effects of severe physical exercise are well known.But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the bar for everyone.
（1）Which of the following can best replace the phrase "runs counter to" in paragraph 1？
A．Goes against.
B．Bears out.
C．Pushes forward.
D．Corresponds with.
（2）Which of the following best explains "do the trick" underlined in paragraph 5？
A．Set a trap.
B．Do a deal.
C．Get to the point.
D．Get the desired result.
（3）Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word "margin" in paragraph 5
A．Blank.
B．Edge.
C．Decrease.
D．Difference.组卷：5引用：2难度：0.5
