SF or sci-fi，short for science fiction，is a form of fiction that deals mainly w

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    SF or sci-fi，short for science fiction，is a form of fiction that deals mainly with the impact of actual or imagined science upon society or individuals.It appeared in the West，where the social transformations brought about by the Industrial Revolution first led writers and intellectuals （知识分子） to think of the future impact of technology，and was popularized in the 1920s by the American publisher Hugo Gernsback.The Hugo Awards，given annually since 1953 by the World Science Fiction Society，are named after him.
    Science fiction writers，whose themes are around space travel，robots，alien beings，and time travel，etc.，often seek out new scientific and technical developments in order to forecast freely the techno-social changes.Though writers in antiquity sometimes dealt with themes common to modern science fiction，their stories made no attempt at scientific and technological explanation，the feature that distinguishes （区分） science fiction from earlier imaginative writing，such as fantasies and horror works.
    Science fiction itself comes in two main types：hard sci-fi and soft sci-fi.Hard science fiction is based on scientific accuracy and known facts，featuring "real" science.This approach can enhance the authenticity of the story and the idea that the plot's event could，likely，happen.Examples of hard science fiction include Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea，The Time Machine，etc.Soft science fiction places greater emphasis on the human aspects of the story，integrating sciences of human behaviour.Mary Shelley's Frankenstein，Robert A．Heinlein's Stranger in a Strange Land，and Ursula K.Le Guin's The Left Hand of Darkness are all soft science fiction novels.
    The purpose of this genre （体裁） is to explore the possible about the unknown.It gives readers an idea of what might happen in the future if certain events—such as scientific breakthroughs or technological advances—come to pass and how humans might respond accordingly.Given its imaginative nature，science fiction inspires readers to forecast a more advanced，innovative，and adventurous future.
    Science fiction is creative ground for filmmakers.Besides，there are plenty of science fiction themes of popular small-screen programmes on television，as well as in graphic novels and comic books.

（1）What's mainly discussed in the first paragraph？

A．The origin of sci-fi.
B．An introduction of Hugo Awards.
C．The functions of Industrial Revolution.
D．The impact of writers and intellectuals in the 1920s.
（2）Why does not earlier imaginative writings belong to sci-fi？

A．They are not created in modern times.
B．Their themes are uncommon to modern sci-fi's.
C．They are based on neither science nor technology.
D．Their explanations cannot be understood by modern people.
（3）Which can replace the underlined word "authenticity" in Paragraph 3？

A．Value.
B．Truth.
C．Reputation.
D．Calculation.
（4）Which is the most suitable title for the text？

A．Sci-Fi Writers
B．Hard Sci-Fi and Soft Sci-Fi
C．Science Fiction
D．Sci-Fi Filmmakers

【考点】说明文；文学与艺术．

【答案】A；C；B；C

【解答】

【点评】

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发布：2024/7/11 8:0:9组卷：0引用：4难度：0.5

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1．Imagine entering a very large building and you have no idea how to get to the office you are looking for.But then，as you're standing there，a nearly silent balloon floats over to you and speaks to you.It asks you where you want to go.You tell it，and then it simply says "follow me" like a child's game，and begins to float off in the direction of your destination.It keeps going，as you follow，leading you to where you want to go.
   The guide works itself，without any help from any human being.It says "hello" to people as they arrive in the building，speaks to them，processes their requests and then guides them to the destination.
   The balloon has two tiny fans to help keep it floating and to provide just a touch of lift.Onboard is a wireless（无线的）receiver for receiving directions from a computer that directs the fans and sensors（传感器）that let it know where objects are around it.
   The idea of such a simple robot is one that has been on the minds of scientists for years，and has been mentioned in novels many times.Today a company in America does something similar but has to be connected to the Internet，which is sometimes difficult.This is why this little balloon might be the wave of the future-because it is so much easier to follow!

（1）What is the balloon mainly used to do？

A．Lead the way.
B．Bring people joy.
C．Find the thief.
D．Attract the visitors.
（2）How does the balloon get to know its position？

A．From sensors.
B．From two tiny fans.
C．From a wireless receiver.
D．From human beings.
（3）What can we learn from the last paragraph？

A．The idea of the balloon is new.
B．The balloon is difficult to make.
C．The balloon will replace the wireless receiver soon.
D．The technology may become popular in the future.
（4）Where is the passage most probably from？

A．A science news report.
B．A newspaper ad.
C．A book review.
D．A science novel.
发布：2024/10/21 19:0:2组卷：8引用：3难度：0.3
解析

2．    Have you ever wanted to be a college student？If so，then you must know that you have to be a smart student.This means you have to achieve excellent grades in high school.The following tips may be of great help to you.
    Stop spending most of your free time watching TV or surfing the Internet.Your spare time can be spent in studying and reviewing the knowledge your teacher has already spread.
    Record important notes that your teacher explains in class.This will help reduce your preparation time for tests，which means you could start studying early.You should also read through your notes carefully because most of the things on your notes are likely to appear on.
    Ask your teacher for help if you don't understand some of the knowledge.Don't be afraid of asking questions，or you will not get a better understanding of the knowledge.
    Study for your tests as soon as possible.If you finish it fast，you will have more time to relax and do your favourite things.In addition，waiting until late at night will only make things harder because you may feel tired.
    Join a tutoring（家教） service near you if you are really serious about your grades.There are many tutoring services and if you can't find any near you，there are services available to the public on line.Tutoring services can be a great way to get extra help and can be a great way to prepare yourself for the tests.

Title：How to be a smart student
Meaning	You have to（1） excellent grades.
（2）	（3） most of your time in studying and reviewing what your teacher has covered.
	•Note what your teacher（4） in class and study it soon afterwards. •Study your notes in case the information （5） on the test paper.
	•Be（6） enough to ask your teacher questions if you have any problems. •If you have questions but don't ask for help，you will not（7） the knowledge well.
	•Try to finish your study for tests before doing what you like（8） . •Don't wait until it is too（9） to study because you may feel tired then.
	•Join a tutoring service or an online class，which can be（10） to you.

发布：2024/10/22 1:0:2组卷：0引用：1难度：0.3

解析

3．    Recently，four professors of neuroscience were awarded the Brain Prize for their life changing contributions to the research on migraines（偏头痛），a disease previously not understood well.
    Professor Michael Moskowitz from Harvard Medical School，Peter Goadsby from King's College London，Lars Edvinsson from Lund University in Sweden，and Jes Olesen from Rigshospitalet，Denmark，were celebrated as the recipients of the Brain Prize，the world's most distinguished award highlighting achievements in brain research.The Crown Prince of Denmark presented the four professors with a grand prize of roughly 1.5 million dollars on October 25 in Copenhagen，Denmark.
    Migraines remain one of the most serious and common neurological illnesses millions around the world suffer.Studies show that women are three times more likely to experience frequent and intense migraines than men，and symptoms can last up to 24 hours.Typically，these intense head-throbbing pains are also accompanied by vomiting（呕吐），dizziness and sensitivity to sound，light，and touch.
    After over forty years of research，the four professors pinpointed the major cause — chemicals released within the brain.Previously，the main causes of migraines were thought to be stress，pressure or anxiety.In 1979，Professor Michael Moskowitz discovered that headaches occur when thin nerves are found in our head and face to interact with a highly-sensitive membrane（膜） surrounding our brain，releasing chemicals called neuropeptides.These chemicals can then cause the blood vessels in our head to expand and also send pain signals to the brain.Later，research by Professor Goadsby and Edvinsson revealed that the specific neuropeptide which plays the central role in causing the intense headache is calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP）.Then，Professor Olesen's work further confirmed that CGRP is indeed responsible for the pain，rather than a chemical produced in the brain as a result of the migraines.
    The work by these scientists paves the way for developing more effective medicine.While past treatments can only temporarily stop the pain，scientists say that the newly developed drugs not only prevent migraines but also don't cause the harmful side effects patients had to endure.

（1）Who received the grand prize in the country where he works？

A.Jes Olesen.
B.Peter Goadsby.
C.Lars Edvinsson.
D.Michael Moskowitz.
（2）What do we know about migraines？

A.Migraines are a rare and strange illness.
B.All the symptoms of intense migraines last 24 hours.
C.Females' chance of getting migraines is higher than males'.
D.Vomiting，dizziness and sensitivity lead to migraines.
（3）What is the major cause of migraines？

A.Stress，pressure or anxiety.
B.A highly-sensitive membrane.
C.Chemical called neuropeptides.
D.Interactions between thin nerves.
（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？

A.Medicine.
B.Biology.
C.Literature.
D.Psychology.
发布：2024/10/22 5:0:1组卷：3引用：1难度：0.5
解析

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